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Remarks on some architectural problems of the middle Byzantine period: The spreading of the triconch plan buildings in northern Greece (9th-11th centuries)
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Edifici ecclesiastici protobizantini poco noti della “penisola” di Elaiussa Sebaste
No full textThe so-called “Peninsula”, the primitive core of the city of Elaiussa Sebaste, was fortified in Late Antiquity.
It housed some unexcavated Christian buildings that are quite neglected. Well before the launching of systematic
excavations by the Italian Archaeological Mission (1995), the remains of at least one church had been
made known thanks to short notes published by Josef Keil, Adolf Wilhelm, Otto Feld and Ernst Kirsten.
Later, in 1986, Hansgerd Hellenkemper and Friedrich Hild were able to survey three medium-sized basilicas
on the spot. They appeared to be set in a dense urban canvas and their layout was somehow influenced by
pre-existing buildings. These churches are only barely recognisable today, victims of marine erosion, collapse
or wind siltation. This notwithstanding, they provide the evidence of the vitality of the centre of Elaiussa
in the early Byzantine period. This article aims to document their present state and to put forward some
thoughts on their relevance for the knowledge of the late antique city
I monumenti protobizantini dell'acropoli di Amphipolis
No full textSulla collina ove sorge l’acropoli dell’antica Amphipholis (Macedonia orientale) vennero realizzati, tra la seconda metà del V e la prima metà del VI secolo d.C., significativi interventi di edilizia monumentale ecclesiastica e civile. Questi includono la costruzione di una nuova cinta muraria difensiva, una vasta cisterna a cielo aperto e cinque chiese finora individuate. Recenti indagini e scavi condotti dalla Società Archeologica Ellenica e dalla Soprintendenza competente hanno aggiunto nuovi elementi a questo puzzle storico-archeologico ancora non molto chiaro. Negli ultimi anni, l’interesse degli studiosi è stato particolarmente attratto dal rapporto dell’insediamento con il suo territorio e dall’abbandono dell’abitato nel VII secolo d.C. a causa delle incursioni delle popolazioni slave o dei terremoti. Questo studio si sofferma a illustrare i monumenti protobizantini e il loro inserimento nel contesto del tessuto urbano della città tardoromana, tenendo conto delle circostanze storiche concomitanti.Important construction projects were carried out on the hill housing the acropolis of ancient Amphipholis (eastern Macedonia) between the second half of the fifth and first half of the Sixth century AD. These included the building of a new defensive walled enclosure, a monumental cistern, and several ecclesiastical buildings, five
of which have been recognized so far. Recent investigations, and excavations conducted by the Archeological Society, have added new elements to this still not very clear historical archaeological puzzle. Over the last few years, scholars’ interest has been drawn especially to the relationship of the settlement with its territory and the settlement’s abandonment in the early seventh century AD due to the incursion of Slavic populations or earthquakes. This study wishes to offer the best possible illustration of the Proto-Byzantine monuments in the context of the urban fabric of the late Roman city and the historical conditions of that period
Recensione a: X. Barral i Altet, Els Banys «Àrabs» de Girona: un estudi sobre els banys públics i privats a les ciutats medievals
No full textRecensione a: Xavier BARRAL I ALTET, Els Banys «Arabs» de Girona: un estudi sobre els banys públics i privats a les ciutats medievals, Institut d’Estudis Catalans, Memories de la Secció Historico-Arqueologica, 105, Barcelona 2018, 378 p., ill. b/n. (ISBN: 978-84-9965-404-1)
La ricostruzione teodosiana della Grande Chiesa di Costantinopoli (ca. 404-415). Frammenti di un mosaico documentario
No full textLa chiesa episcopale di Costantinopoli (Ecclesia Magna/Megal Ekklesia) viene consacrata nel 360 per volere dell’imperatore Costanzo II. L’edificio, di impianto probabilmente basilicale fin dall’origine, avrà vita breve: nel giugno 404 viene infatti distrutto da un incendio doloso. Il cantiere della ricostruzione durerà più di un decennio e la nuova chiesa verrà consacrata il 10 ottobre 415 da Teodosio II. La dinastia teodosiana intraprende
in questa circostanza una potente azione di propaganda religiosa, testimoniata però solo molto laconicamente dalle fonti coeve. Distrutta nuovamente nel gennaio 532 durante la rivolta «Nika», al suo posto sorgerà la chiesa della Sapienza divina di Giustiniano, la quale, a causa della sua unicità architettonica, condannerà all’oblio definitivo le due fasi preesistenti. Questo articolo intende approfondire la seconda fase della Grande Chiesa, quella teodosiana. Si trattava, probabilmente, di una basilica di notevole grandezza, forse a cinque navate. Si cercherà di delineare un quadro più chiaro possibile del contesto storico in cui essa vide la luce. In più, verrà discussa la documentazione disponibile (fonti testuali ed evidenza archeologica). L’obiettivo è quello di capire meglio quali procedure furono seguite per mettere in piedi un cantiere di questa rilevanza e se all’epoca vi fossero dei modelli cui ispirarsi.The Great Church of Constantinople (Ecclesia Magna/Megal Ekklesia) was first built in 350-360 by emperor Constantius II. The building, probably a basilica, was doomed to be shortlived: in June 404 it was destroyed by arson. The rebuilding lasted more than a decade and the new church was consecrated by emperor Theodosius II only as late as 10 October 415. By means of the reconstruction of the Great Church, the Theodosian dynasty and the local clergy intended to put forth a strong measure of religious propaganda. This notwithstanding, their patronage is scarcely mentioned by the few available early Byzantine sources. Apart from the irremediable loss of documentation, there is another reason behind this silence: the Theodosian church was too destroyed by fire in January 532 during the «Nika» revolt and it was replaced by the still-standing church of the Divine Wisdom, built by Justinian. The latter building, because of its architectural uniqueness, literally condemned the pre-existing church(es) to final oblivion. This article will focus on the second – Theodosian – phase of the Great Church. According to the more reliable hypotheses, it was a five-aisles basilica of considerable size. An attempt will be made to give as clear a picture as possible of the historical context in which it was built. In addition, the available documentation (textual sources and archaeological evidence) will be discussed. A further aim is to better understand what procedures were followed to set up a building of such importance and whether there were any models to follow at the time
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