1,720,996 research outputs found
News Media Representation of Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review
No full textIntroduction: Media framing encompasses the intentional curation and arrangement of relevant information, revolving around a central theme, to fashion a unified storyline. This article aims to explore how the news media frame women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). By understanding these perceptions, it is possible to gain insight into societal attitudes and biases, shaping how IPV is perceived, discussed, and addressed within our communities. Methods: The review was pre-registered on the PROSPERO database of systematic reviews (registration number: CRD42022347911). Moreover, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA statement) was followed. A total of 17 articles were selected from 8158 search results across four databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data collection was conducted in 2022. Results: The 17 articles were divided into two groups: the media framing of women with an IPV experience and IPV-related femicides. Episodic framing was the most used frame in both groups. Moreover, a tendency to minimise the violence that occurred, to use inappropriate language, to blame the women, and to confound violence with love and sex resulted in both groups. Conclusions: News media tend to depict women who experienced IPV in a stigmatising way, but the review highlighted that media could make a positive impact by increasing public awareness and promoting more positive portrayals. Policy Implications: The review offers recommendations to develop policies and practises that can train media professionals to avoid perpetuating stereotypical images of women who experienced violence and report in a responsible and ethical ways
How Are Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence Portrayed on Social Media?
No full textThe aim of the present systematic review was to examine the state of social media representation of women with an experience of sexual violence (SV) and/or intimate partner violence (IPV), as social media has become a significant communication platform for developing social representations of public health issues. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was pre-registered in PROSPERO. PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched, and seven articles met the inclusion criteria. The review identified two distinct portrayals of women with experiences of violence on social media: a stigmatizing representation of women as victims and a portrayal of women as survivors. Therefore, the review shows that social media has the potential to convey a positive representation of women and to raise public awareness on this social issue. Nonetheless, if not used responsibly, social media can contribute to spreading stigmatizing beliefs toward violence against women. In conclusion, this review provides an up-to-date understanding of the portrayal of women with an experience of violence on social media, highlighting the significant influence that social media has on public perceptions
Exploring the Phenomenon of Victim Blaming Toward Women With an Intimate Partner Violence Experience and the Role of Empathy
No full textWomen who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) often encounter victim blaming from the general population, where individuals attribute responsibility to the victim’s behavior for the violent episode. This phenomenon is influenced by levels of empathy, with lower empathy correlating with a higher likelihood of blaming women exposed to partner violence. Two studies were conducted. The aim of the first study was to explore the general population’s perceptions of IPV severity, inclination to excuse the perpetrator, and tendency to blame women. The second objective was to investigate the predictive role of empathy in victim blaming. Study One (N = 5,834) was conducted using a vignette methodology to assess victim blaming, minimization of depicted violence, excusing the perpetrator, and perceptions of violence severity. Specifically, five vignettes were used: one was the “Control Vignette,” depicting a police officer responding to a neighbor’s call about a physical altercation between two partners, resulting in visible injuries to the woman. This vignette was then manipulated by adding different pieces of information in four other vignettes: a “Cheating Episode Vignette”; a “Reaction Vignette”; a “Financial Stressor Vignette”; and an “Alcohol Abuse Vignette.” Study Two (N = 7,236) was conducted using a mediational analysis. Results revealed increased tendencies to blame women for violence, particularly in scenarios involving infidelity and reaction from the woman. The second study confirmed empathy’s predictive role in victim blaming, highlighting the intricate interplay of empathy, perception of violence, and blame assignment. These findings underscore the importance of promoting empathy for a compassionate and responsible society, suggesting that fostering empathy could contribute to reducing victim-blaming tendencies
Unveiling the traumatic impact of cyber dating abuse and offline intimate partner violence: exploring the mediating role of adult attachment
Full text link: Cyber Dating Abuse (CDA) corresponds to a traumatic experience involving controlling and harassing behavior by a partner through modern technologies. This study aimed to assess the frequency of CDA, explore its connection to offline violence (specifically Intimate Partner Violence-IPV), and investigate attachment's mediating role in the relationship between various violence forms (cyber and offline) and trauma symptoms. Two groups were recruited for the study: one comprising 342 individuals who reported encountering offline IPV within the previous year and another group of 334 individuals who did not have such experiences. Both groups exhibited CDA, with the IPV-experienced group showing statistically significant higher prevalence. This supports literature indicating a relationship between online and offline violence. Additionally, attachment anxiety mediated CDA controlling, offline IPV, and subsequent PTSD symptoms, while attachment avoidance mediated only between offline IPV and PTSD symptoms. The findings seemed to validate the importance of acknowledging attachment as a mediator for PTSD, both in clinical practice and research
The Women's EmotionS, Trauma and EmpowErMent (W-ES.T.EEM) Pilot Study: A Randomised Psychoeducational Intervention for Women with an Experience of Intimate Partner Violence
No full textPurpose: The Women's EmotionS, Trauma and EmpowErMent (W-ESTEEM) blends empowerment strategies with Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) techniques to support women who have experienced Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). This innovative online psychoeducational program aims to enhance women's well-being and empowerment. The current study is as an internal pilot study aimed at evaluating the feasibility and efficacy of the W-ES.T.EEM intervention by comparing a Control Group (CG) – Treatment As Usual (TAU) – with a Treatment Group (TG) – TAU together with the W-ES.T.EEM intervention. Methods: The study was pre-registered (Trial registration number and date: ISRCTN12880309; December 20, 2021) and the protocol was published before conducting the study. A total of 44 women with an IPV experience were recruited: 22 women (Mage = 46.64) were randomly assigned to the TG (TAU + W-ESTEEM) and 22 to the CG (TAU) (Mage = 47.50). This pilot study considers two time points: the baseline (pre-treatment)..
Worry about the Future in the Climate Change Emergency: A Mediation Analysis of the Role of Eco-Anxiety and Emotion Regulation
Full text linkThe climate change emergency is one of the most important challenges of our time, and its impact on mental health has been evident for years. It is very important for clinicians to delve deeper into these manifestations. There are a wide variety of constructs, symptoms, and scales to measure the impact of climate change on mental health. Eco-anxiety is one of the constructs that has specifically emerged, in association with worry, about the future. In mental health studies, it is important to explore the relationship between eco-anxiety and emotion regulation and how much this relationship leads to worry about the future in order to be able to offer clinical intervention recommendations. Indeed, the hypothesis of this study is that it is possible to develop worries about the future when symptoms of eco-anxiety and a poor ability to regulate emotions are present. Particularly, emotion dysregulation could increase eco-anxiety symptoms and generate worries about one's own future. For this reason, we have chosen to explore the relationships between these three constructs with the use of a mediation analysis. For this research, 351 participants were recruited in Italy. The proposed mediation model highlighted the findings that emotion dysregulation was positively related with eco-anxiety and that eco-anxiety predicts worry about the future. An association between emotion dysregulation and worry about the future was present. Eco-anxiety appeared to be an important mediator between emotional dysregulation and worry about the future. Emotion regulation could play a pivotal role in addressing concerns about the future. These findings could pave the way for exploring new research avenues and potential clinical interventions
Conoscenza della popolazione canina: Osservazioni sull'anagrafe canina dell'USL 5 della Provincia di Pisa. Obiettivi e Documenti Veterinari
No full textStigma toward internalizing and externalizing disorders: How do adolescents perceive their peers? A network analysis approach
Full text linkThis study's first aim was to explore whether stigma's facets differ between internalizing and externalizing disorders in adolescence. The second aim was to compare the relationships among stigma's facets toward these disorders. Two vignettes depicting a peer with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were used with 616 adolescents in Italy. A Repeated measure MANOVA showed biogenetic causes, social distancing, and discomfort were more attributed to depression, while dangerousness to ADHD. Furthermore, a Psychometric Network Analysis showed no differences between these disorders in the relations among stigma's components. However, dangerousness seemed to be among the nodes with the highest levels of “strength,” confirming previous literature that shows that dangerousness plays a major role in stigma
Women and violence: alexithymia, relational competence and styles, and satisfaction with life: A comparative profile analysis
Full text linkBackground: This research investigates the two sides of violence by profiling female interpersonal violence offenders (IVO) and female interpersonal violence victims (IVV). These groups of women have been compared on three key variables within the context of violence: satisfaction with life (SWL), alexithymia, and relational styles—defined according to the Relational Competence Theory (RCT). Regarding the latter, the experience of functional or dysfunctional relational styles in childhood and adult relationships has been evaluated and compared with both groups of women. Methods: This study involved 131 women: IVO (n = 41; enrolled in a penitentiary), IVV (n = 41; enrolled in an anti-violence center), and a control group (CG; n = 49; enrolled from the general population). Profile analysis was performed. Results: Female IVO showed low SWL, high levels of alexithymia, and a pattern of mixed relational styles with both parents and the current partner. Female IVV revealed low SWL, low levels of alexithymia and dysfunctional relational styles with both parents and current partner. Women from the CG showed high SWL, absence of alexithymia and functional relational styles with both parents and current partner. Conclusions: The profiles outlined in this study are extremely informative regarding alexithymia, relational styles, and SWL in both female IVV and IVO. Clinical interventions for both groups of women should be developed relying on these results
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