323,199 research outputs found
Urbanization and Its Effects on Microbiota
No full textIn recent years, increasing attention has been paid to understanding changes in the gut microbiota as a result of progressive urbanization and industrialization, as these may underlie the increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases (e.g., metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory, mental and oncological). Comparison with traditional communities showed, as expected, a series of potentially dysbiotic traits, such as reduced diversity, reduced proportions of beneficial microorganisms (generally fiber degraders), and overrepresentation of genes conferring antibiotic resistance and those involved in xenobiotic metabolism. Although it is not known whether these alterations are completely reversible, measures to prevent further changes should be considered, including revisiting our lifestyle, increasing the amount of dietary fiber, and replenishing essential ancestral taxa, as paleomicrobiology studies are now revealing
An In Vitro Pilot Fermentation Study on the Impact of Chlorella pyrenoidosa on Gut Microbiome Composition and Metabolites in Healthy and Coeliac Subjects
No full text© 2021 C. van der Linde, M. Barone, S. Turroni, P. Brigidi, E. Keleszade, J. Swann, A. Costabile. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ex voto e musica devozionale
No full textCon riferimento specifico alla raccolta di ex voto presenti nell'abbazia di S. Maria del Monte di Cesena (tra le più ricche in Europa), si indaga l'incidenza dei contenuti musicali nell'ispirazione e nella fattura delle tavolette votive, soprattutto in merito al repertorio quattro-seicentesco. I "casus musicae" sono per la verità rari, ma entro le tipiche finalità antropo-religiose devozionali. Si valuta poi il coinvolgimento musicale entro un concetto più aperto dell'atto votivo, che può assumere non solo la forma d'un manufatto, ma costituire una qualsivoglia manifestazione di gratitudine per una grazia ricevuta. A tal riguardo, la presenza musicale è meno saltuaria, soprattutto entro l'orizzonte della "partecipazione comune" in epoca post-tridentina, in grado di evitare l'ostacolo dogmatico-dottrinale nel dialogo con la Riforma protestante
Is precision microbiome medicine just around the corner?: Gut microbiota
No full textA study in Nature Medicine developed a new clinical test based on a gut metagenome-derived multispecies biomarker panel for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease, which outperformed faecal calprotectin. Shortly after, a study in Cell identified a health-relevant network-based core microbiome that could substantially advance precision microbiome medicine
From Whole Genome Shotgun Sequencing to Viral Community Profiling: The ViromeScan Tool
No full textViromeScan is an innovative metagenomic analysis tool that allows characterizing the taxonomy of viral communities from raw data of metagenomics sequencing, efficiently denoising samples from reads of other microorganisms. This means that users can use the same shotgun metagenomic sequencing data to fully characterize complex microbial ecosystems, including bacteria and viruses. Here we describe the analysis procedure with some examples, illustrating the processes computed by ViromeScan from raw data to the final output
Editorial: Remodeling Composition and Function of Microbiome by Dietary Strategies - Functional Foods Perspective
No full textMicrobes inhabiting the human gastrointestinal tract have been under the spotlight during the last
decade, given the multiple associations detected between specific microbiota profiles and health
status. Diet is widely recognized as the primary environmental variable shaping the intestinal
microbiota in humans. Therefore, the study of diet-microbiota-host interactions deserves special
attention to provide clues to several diseases, including cognitive, metabolic, and immune ones. In
a similar manner, the investigation of the molecular cross-talk between host cells and microbes
in a particular nutritional environment also serves as the foundation for design of innovative
therapeutic strategies based on probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. For instance, a recent
investigation based on resistant starch suggests that discrete dietary fiber structures can be used to
target the production of short-chain fatty acids (1), the major microbiota-derived effector molecules
known to have a wide range of action on host health (2). On the other hand, the gut microbiota has
been disclosed to modulate the effect of dietary fiber on host health, supporting the notion that there
is no one-fits-all diet in the way to seek cost-effective nutritional strategies for health improvement
and weight control (3). Anyhow, consensual benefits for human health in microbiota-targeted
dietary interventions are still perceived, pointing out, for instance, fermented foods as attenuators
of inflammation, and modulators of gut microbiota (4).
The aim of the Frontiers in Nutrition Research Topic (RT) “Remodeling Composition and
Function of Microbiome by Dietary Strategies—Functional Foods Perspective” was to assemble
clinical and pre-clinical studies deciphering the microbiome-driven effects on human health
of innovative functional foods based on probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics, as well as dietary
supplements. We provide an overview of this RT, including five original research articles and two
review articles
Lettere dal fronte ceciliano. Le visioni di don Guerrino Amelli nei carteggi conservati a S. Maria del Monte di Cesena
No full textE' la prima monografia con carteggio relativa a don Guierrino Amelli (poi abate cassinese), padre e guida del Cecilianesimo in Italia tra Otto e Novecento. Il libro ne considera la meno nota e coraggiosa presidenza del 1905-09, su incarico di Pio X, toccando anche altre attività amelliane fondamentali, essendo egli esperto di lingue e documenti antico-medievali, biblista di fama e tra le personalità del Conciliatorismo, per non dire del suo contributo al rinnovamento liturgico in cui si preannunciava il concilio Vaticano I
Gut microbiota and physical activity: Is there an evidence-based link?
No full textThe gut microbiota appears to be a significant contributor to musculoskeletal health and disease. Genetic background, age, gender, diet, lifestyle and socio-economic aspects are also important factors that contribute to musculoskeletal health, as well as to the normal balance of the intestinal microbiota. Through the production of a large and diverse pool of bioactive small molecules, the gut microbiota can in fact signal to extra-intestinal organs, establishing a systems-level connection with the host metabolic, endocrine, immune and nervous apparatus. The gut microbiota has therefore been extensively studied in recent years, for health promotion, disease prevention and disease treatment, as well as for exercise performance. Practically, physical activity is recommended as a useful tool to prevent disease and improve prognosis when an athlete gets sick or injured. Therefore, the findings of studies performed on athletes should not be automatically transferred to all subjects undertaking non-competitive exercise
Editorial: Nutritional modulation of central nervous system development, maintenance, plasticity, and recovery
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