1,721,284 research outputs found
PIROSTATO: reattore per la decomposizione termica anaerobica di biomassa in molteplici prodotti finali
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Humidification tower for humid air gas turbine cycles: Experimental analysis
No full textIn the HAT (humidairturbine) cycle, the humidification of compressed air can be provided by a pressurised saturator (i.e. humidificationtower or saturation tower), this solution being known to offer several attractive features. This work is focused on an experimental study of a pressurised humidificationtower, with structured packing. After a description of the test rig employed to carry out the measuring campaign, the results relating to the thermodynamic process are presented and discussed. The experimental campaign was carried out over 162 working points, covering a relatively wide range of possible operating conditions.
It is shown that the saturator behaviour, in terms of air outlet humidity and temperature, is primarily driven by, in decreasing order of relevance, the inlet water temperature, the inlet water over inlet dry air mass flow ratio and the inlet air temperature.
The exit relative humidity is consistently over 100%, which may be explained partially by measurement accuracy and droplet entrainment, and partially by the non-ideal behaviour of air–steam mixtures close to saturation.
Experimental results have been successfully correlated using a set of new non-dimensional groups: such a correlation is able to capture the air outlet temperature with a standard deviation σ = 2.8 K
Full RAIN: metodo per il controllo termo-barico di motore a combustione interna mediante iniezione di diluente termico
No full textLa Metodologia della Carbon Exergy Tax (CET): Proposta Termoeconomica di Penalizzazione delle Emissioni Di CO2 e Generalizzazione ai Sistemi Energetici
No full textDevelopment and application in clinical in clinica routine of Computer-aided Diagnosis systems for the early detection of lung cancer: state-of-art and future challenges
No full textLung cancer represents one of the main public health issues and the first cause of cancer-related deaths in developed countries. Most of lung cancers are diagnosed in the last-stage, when the survival rate is very low if compared to the early-stage of the disease. Big technological effort has been put to improve the early diagnosis of lung cancer. Screening high risk population with low-dose Computed Tomography (CT) has been shown to reduce cancer mortality. These improvements have brought with them lots of clinical challenges. One of the biggest is that radiologists have to deal with a high number of images to be analyzed as faster as possible. This big issue has motivated a very deep and heterogeneous research community to develop algorithms to support radiologists in the detection. These algorithms were given the name of Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems. Despite proved benefits, we are far from a daily usage of these systems in clinical practice. This chapter has the aim to present to readers the motivations / issues underlying the scarce application of CAD systems in clinical practice. Some possible approaches to tackle previous issues are proposed. Special attention is given to achieved results by the author during his PhD project
Development and application in clinical practice of Computer-aided Diagnosis systems for the early detection of lung cancer
Full text linkLung cancer is the main cause of cancer-related deaths both in Europe and United States, because often it is diagnosed at late stages of the disease, when the survival rate is very low if compared to first asymptomatic stage. Lung cancer screening using annual low-dose Computed Tomography (CT) reduces lung cancer 5-year mortality by about 20% in comparison to annual screening with chest radiography. However, the detection of pulmonary nodules in low-dose chest CT scans is a very difficult task for radiologists, because of the large number (300/500) of slices to be analyzed. In order to support radiologists, researchers have developed Computer aided Detection (CAD) algorithms for the automated detection of pulmonary nodules in chest CT scans. Despite proved benefits of those systems on the radiologists detection sensitivity, the usage of CADs in clinical practice has not spread yet. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate and tackle the issues underlying this inconsistency. In particular, in Chapter 2 we introduce M5L, a fully automated Web and Cloud-based CAD for the automated detection of pulmonary nodules in chest CT scans. This system introduces a new paradigm in clinical practice, by making available CAD systems without requiring to radiologists any additional software and hardware installation. The proposed solution provides an innovative cost-effective approach for clinical structures. In Chapter 3 we present our international challenge aiming at a large-scale validation of state-of-the-art CAD systems. We also investigate and prove how the combination of different CAD systems reaches performances much higher than any best stand-alone system developed so far. Our results open the possibility to introduce in clinical practice very high-performing CAD systems, which miss a tiny fraction of clinically relevant nodules. Finally, we tested the performance of M5L on clinical data-sets. In chapter 4 we present the results of its clinical validation, which prove the positive impact of CAD as second reader in the diagnosis of pulmonary metastases on oncological patients with extra-thoracic cancers. The proposed approaches have the potential to exploit at best the features of different algorithms, developed independently, for any possible clinical application, setting a collaborative environment for algorithm comparison, combination, clinical validation and, if all of the above were successful, clinical practice
Energy conversion of orbital motions in gravitational waves: Simulation and test of the Seaspoon wave energy converter
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