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    Crisi economica Flessibilità del lavoro e produttività

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    In this paper we argue that the deceleration of labour productivity is at the root of the slowdown of the Italian economic growth over the last twenty years. Using a simple model of growth accounting, we show that this poor performance can only be accounted for by a combination of two main changes: an adverse technological change to the labour demand (TFP slowdown) and a positive institutional change to the labour supply (higher flexibility). Basically, the Italian productivity slowdown and the deterioration of its international competitiveness open new questions on the feared decline of the Italian economy

    Marx and the value

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    This paper addresses the Marxian transformation problem of values into prices. According to Marx, the value of commodities is given by the labour embodied in the same commodities. However, given the Marxian assumption of free competition in labour and good markets, the price of commodities may deviate from their labour value. Marx’s “transformation problem” lies precisely in the computation of prices based on their labour content. As we shall see, the solution proposed by Marx is only partial, and subsequent attempts to solve the problem increasingly distance the solution from the Marxian model which is based on labour value and surplus value, leaving the question still open
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