2,251 research outputs found
Corrigendum to âResponse to: Mitochondrial neuropathy affects peripheral and cranial nerves and is primary or secondary or bothâ [Neuromuscular Disorders 26/8 (2016) 549](S0960896616302899)(10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.007)
No full textThe authors regret that the order of the first and last names was listed incorrectly in the above letter. The correct order for the authors' names is: Michelangelo Mancuso, Daniele Orsucci, Corrado Angelini, Enrico Bertini, Claudio Bruno, Valerio Carelli, Giacomo P. Comi, Massimiliano Filosto, Costanza Lamperti, Maurizio Moggio, Tiziana Mongini, Isabella Moroni, Paola Tonin, Antonio Toscano, Gabriele Siciliano, on behalf of the Nation-wide Italian Collaborative Network of Mitochondrial Diseases. Moreover, as this was a letter, only the affiliation of the corresponding author (M. Mancuso) was given. The corresponding author's address is not the affiliation for all other authors except for Daniele Orsucci and Gabriele Siciliano who share the same affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Photopolymerization of keratin-based thiol-ene coatings
No full textKeratin extracted from wool by sulphitolysis, up to a content of 15 wt/wt% was used as a natural reinforcing agent for cross-linked polymers obtained by photopolymerization of thiol-ene systems. The keratin-based photocured coatings obtained show significant improvement in terms of thermal stability, crosslinking density, Tg values and mechanical properties. Moreover, a clear increase of the biodegradability of the starting thiol-ene polymer matrix was induced by the presence of the keratin biopolymer as reinforcemen
Outstanding traits and thermal behaviour for the identification of speciality animal fibres
No full text The extra-fine, soft and warm fibres used by the textile industry for manufacturing high-quality, luxury textiles are obtained from the undercoat hair of several domestic mammals of the genera Capra, Bos, Camelus, and Lama. The demand for ‘speciality fibres’ by the fashion world represents an important opportunity for livelihoods, on condition that conservation of the wild species is preserved. Large scale trade of hair from wild goats hunted for meat or trophy and hybridisation of wild (Capra ibex) and domestic (Capra hircus) goats or wild Vicuna (Lama vicugna) and domestic Alpaca (Lama pacos), with the aim of improving fibre fineness and yield, would involve a risk of genetic pollution and would severely threaten conservation and biodiversity. This work describes fibre morphology and cell structure of fine fibres from the most important wild and domestic fibre producing species with the aim of enhancing traits for identification purposes. Microscopy investigation shows that exposure to thermal and nutritional stresses in the wild, lead to finer hair associated with lower rate of growth, yielding orientation and elongation of the cuticle cells. Differential scanning calorimetry reveals specie-specific differences in the internal structure of the fibre cortex, probably related to the process of hair keratinisation. </jats:p
Xanthoproteic reaction for the evaluation of wool antifelting treatments
No full textThe substances responsible for the yellowing of wool treated with nitric acid are two amino acid constituents of the fibre: tryptophan and tyrosine. Nitric acid penetrates the fibres and carries out electrophilic aromatic substitution on the two above-mentioned amino acid residues, producing different colour yields. The intensity of yellowing depends in various ways on the treatment conditions (time, temperature, nitric acid concentration, agitation, and liquor ratio). Yellowing evaluation shows abnormal yellowing depending on acid concentration in the range 5.6-5.9 M. Working in this region makes it possible to use the chromatic reaction in order to show the damage done to wool fibres by the oxidising agents utilised in normal antifelting treatments. Wool damage by the oxidants is usually evaluated by dyeing methods based on different affinity of damaged fibres. By contrast, the xanthoproteic reaction yields chromogens as a function of the accessibility of tryptophan and tyrosine residues for the action of nitric acid on damaged fibres, and can be used for assessing the degree of antifelting treatment and its possible unevenness through the development on the treated wool of a yellow coloration more intense than on untreated woo
Characterisation of keratin biomass from butchery and wool industry wastes
No full textThe chemical and structural characteristics of wool and horn-hoof were compared with the aim of better addressing possible exploitation of protein biomasses available as waste from textile industry and butchery. Amino acid analysis showed that wool has a higher amount of cystine and a lower amount of the amino acids that favour alpha-helix formation than horn-hoof. The difference in the alpha-helix content is confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Electrophoresis separation patterns showed two characteristic protein fractions related to low-sulphur proteins (between 60,000 and 45,000 Da) in wool, while different low-sulphur proteins are present in horn-hoof These data are partially confirmed by DSC analyses that showed different endothermic peaks at temperatures higher than 200 degrees C in the horn-hoof thermograms, probably due to denaturation of alpha-keratins at different molecular weights. Moreover. wool keratin was more hygroscopic and showed a higher extractability with reducing agents than horn-hoof On the basis of these results. waste wool is a more Suitable source than horn-hoof for uses involving protein extraction, but application can be envisaged also in surfactant foams for fire extinguishers and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer
Chapter 10. Fibroin Grafting Onto Wool Fibers: Recent Advances and Applications
No full textDuring the process of silk manufacturing higher amounts of by-products are produced. These are mainly constituted by very short fiber wastes not useful for spinning that represent about 10% wt of spun yarn. These materials are highly homogeneous and have higher protein content (fibroin and sericin content about 94% wt), then they are suitable as source of significant amount of purified fibroin in form of powder, gel and film, useful as biopolymer for wound healing, cosmetic preparations, membranes supporting enzymes and so on. Another possible application not yet thoroughly studied can be the use of the recovered fibroin, after solubilization, as functional product for textile finishing. The aim of the present work was just to obtain bicomponent natural fibers by coating wool fibers with thin fibroin film. The finishing should be stable to washing hence much work was devoted to the search of a polyfunctional chemical reagent able to graft fibroin onto wool fibers without damaging the physical and chemical properties. To this purpose four epoxides (three bifunctional and a trifunctioctional ) were investigated. The finishing of wool with fibroin should confer to the final fabric innovative surface effects regarding shine and handfeel. Moreover, since the fibroin film should cover the scales of the wool surface responsible for felting, even an improvement of antifelting properties could be expected. The experiments were carried out on wool top as well as on fabric and the products were characterized by SEM and FTIR-ATR analyses. The better operating conditions to obtain fabrics with homogeneous fibroin coating on the wool fibers were determined
Postal de Claudio Vivas a Maruja Vieira, junio 23 de 1955
No full textPostal de Claudio Vivas a Maruja Vieira, felicitándola por el reconocimiento que le fue otorgado a la autora de poemasPostcard from Claudio Vivas to Maruja Vieira, congratulating her for the recognition given to the author of poems.Publicación, fondo Maruja Vieira, carpeta 1, folio
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Pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic, and micaceous balanitis mimicking lichen sclerosus et atrophicus
No full textWe present a man in his 70s with a hyperkeratotic whitish plaque over the internal prepuce and glans. The lesion was slowly growing for four years prior to presentation and was resistant to several topical treatments. The histological examination of the lesion revealed marked hyperkeratosis and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, supporting the diagnosis of pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic, and micaceous balanitis. It is important to be aware of this uncommon but potentially malignant condition affecting elderly men
Immunological method for the identification of animal hair fibres
No full textA new approach to the objective identification of the different animal hair fibres based on the application of monoclonal antibodies has been discussed. Three different extraction methods including metabisulphite/urea, dithiothreitol/urea, thiourea/urea/dithiothreitol were compared to evaluate efficiency and repeatability in extracting keratin from wool and cashmere fibres.
'Anti-cashmere' monoclonal antibodies were produced by immunization of mice with Type II intermediate filament proteins extracted from cashmere, purified by 2D preparative electrophoresis. Two monoclonal antibodies (named P21 and I6) were tested with both wool and cashmere blends for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The interaction of P21 and I6 antibodies was studied by the immunoblot method.
After a calibration carried out on both the antibodies, the method was applied to unknown wool/cashmere blends and compared with the results of the analysis carried out by the SEM (scanning electron microscopy) method IWTO 58-00 in order to preliminarily assess the method
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