1,721,064 research outputs found
Effect of Different Dihydropyridine-type Ca2+ Antagonists on Left Ventricle Hypertrophy and Coronary Changes in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
No full textInfluence of treatment with Ca2+ antagonists on cerebral vasculature of spontaneously hypertensive rats
No full textHypertensive brain damage: comparative evaluation of protective effect of treatment with dihydropyridine derivatives in spontaneously hypertensive rats
No full textPharmacokinetics of different formulations of tioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid in healthy volunteers
No full textThis study was designed to evaluate in healthy volunteers plasma and cellular (in erythrocytes) of three formulations of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) available in Italy with different rates of absorption, two with a claimed high absorption rate (Byodinoral 600 QR, Tiocronal 600 HR) and one with a claimed prolonged absorption rate (Tiobec 600 retard). These formulations were compared with the registered ethic formulation of the compound (Thioctacid 600 mg HR), available in Germany. Area under the curve from time 0 to last measured time (AUC(t)), peak plasma concentration (C(max)) of ALA, and time (T(max) ) at which C(max) was observed were the plasma kinetic parameters measured. Concentration of ALA at different sampling times was the only parameter assessed for erythrocytes. The AUC(t) values were similar for the four formulations of ALA tested. C(max) was significantly higher for Byodinoral 600 QR, Tiocronal 600 HR compared to Thioctacid 600 mg HR or Tiobec 600 retard, whereas T(max) value was significantly shorter for Byodinoral 600 QR in the order by Tiocronal 600 HR, Thioctacid 600 mg HR, and Tiobec 600 retard. ALA concentrations that accumulated in erytrocytes after the administration of the different formulations of the antioxidant are directly proportional to the plasma levels of each formulation. Because antioxidant capabilities of ALA depend on the glutathione regeneration the compound induces in cells, the most rationale approach for eliciting antioxidant activity at the cellular level is probably in the use of a formulation allowing the compound to reach its target at highest concentrations and in the shortest time
EFFECT OF TREATMENT WITH LERCANIDIPINE ON HEART OF COHEN-ROSENTHAL DIABETIC HYPERTENSIVE RATS
No full text
Cholinergic precursors in the treatment of cognitive impairment of vascular origin: ineffective approaches or need for re-evaluation?
No full textDopamine, vesicular transporters and dopamine receptor expression and localization in rat thymus and spleen.
No full textThe localization of dopamine stores and the expression and localization of vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) type-1 and 2 and of dopamine D1-like and D2-like receptor subtypes were investigated in rat thymus and spleen by immunohistochemical, immunochemical techniques and by RT-PCR. In the thymus dopamine immunoreactivity was developed in the cortico-medullary junction and in the medulla, but not in the thymic cortex. In the spleen, dopamine stores were found in reticular structures in the white pulp border and in the white pulp, but not in the red one. Both thymus and spleen expressed VMAT-1 and VMAT-2 immunoreactivity as well as dopamine D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 receptor immunoreactivity. Immunohistochemistry revealed VMAT-1, VMAT-2 and dopamine D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 receptor immunoreactivity primarily in the thymic cortical-medulla transitional zone and to a lesser extent in the medulla but not in the cortex. In the spleen, VMAT-1, VMAT-2 and dopamine D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 receptor immunoreactivity was located primarily in the white pulp border and to a lesser extent in the white pulp. These findings indicate that both thymus and spleen express a dopaminergic system characterized by the presence of dopamine, vesicular monoamine transporters and the five subtypes of dopamine receptors. The presence of these dopaminergic markers suggests that dopamine likely originating from immune cells and/or from sympathetic neuroeffector plexus is released in the lymphoid microenvironment. Based on the microanatomical localization of dopaminergic markers investigated, a role of dopamine in maturation and selection of lymphocytes and activation of immune responses is suggested
Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes, and practices about exclusive breastfeeding among women in Italy
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of women about breastfeeding in Italy. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out between January and June 2016 in the Campania Region among mothers who were going to six public vaccination centers. Data were collected by two researchers through face to face interviews. Results: Two thirds of the women had heard on exclusive breastfeeding (64.6%) and the 71% of them knew that exclusive breastfeeding should be practiced for at least six months. Nearly all mothers had breastfed their child (93.2%), but only 33.3% of them had practiced exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months. Women who agree that breastfeeding creates a positive relationship between the mother and the child, who practiced exclusive breastfeeding during the hospital stay, and who had received breastfeeding advice at hospital discharge were more likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months. Conclusions: The results of this survey may be helpful to policy makers and managers when planning educational interventions on breastfeeding both during pregnancy and during hospital admissions for delivery. Indeed, there is a need to increase efforts to make mothers aware of health benefits of breastfeeding for themselves and their offspring during their hospital stay after delivery. This research has the potential to increase exclusive breastfeeding rates and subsequent maternal and child health outcomes
Dopamine receptor subtypes in the human pulmonary arterial tree.
No full text1 Dopamine induces vasorelaxation of pulmonary artery primarily through an endotheliumdependent
mechanism, but dopamine receptor subtypes involved in these mechanisms have
not been identified yet. The expression and localization of dopamine D1-like (D1 and D5) and
D2-like (D2, D3 and D4) receptors were investigated in hilar, lobar and intrapulmonary
branches of human pulmonary artery by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry.
2 Pulmonary artery expresses dopamine D1, D2, D4 and D5 receptor subtypes, but not the
D3 receptor subtype. Dopamine D1 and to a lesser extent D5 receptors were accumulated
primarily in the endothelium of extrapulmonary branches of pulmonary artery. A faint
dopamine D1 and D5 receptor immunoreactivity was found in the inner media of
extrapulmonary and of large sized intrapulmonary branches of pulmonary artery, but not in
medium- or small-sized intrapulmonary artery branches.
3 Dopamine D2 and to a lesser extent D4 receptor immunoreactivity co-localized with the
tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive sympathetic plexus supplying pulmonary artery was
found in the adventitia and in the adventitia-media of both extra- and different-sized
intrapulmonary branches of pulmonary artery.
4 These findings suggest the possible role of dopamine receptors in the pulmonary
endothelium-dependent vasorelaxing activity. The D1 receptor subtype seems to be the most
involved in this mechanism. Dopamine D2-like receptors are prejunctional and are located at
the level of sympathetic neuroeffector plexus. The heterogeneous distribution and density of
dopamine receptor subtypes along the human pulmonary arterial tree may be related to the
different functional roles of dopamine at various levels of the pulmonary circulation
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