1,721,104 research outputs found
Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles in medicine for cancer therapy
No full textNanotechnology provides exciting opportunities for the development of novel, clinically relevant diagnostic and therapeutic multifunctional systems. Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) due to their intrinsic fluorescence and high biocompatibility are among the best candidates. As innovative nanomaterials, CNPs could be utilized both as nontoxic drug delivery system and bioimaging. We foresee a great future for CNPs in cancer diagnostic and therapy. © 2013 American Chemical Society
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of the anti-cancer drug irinotecan in presence of human serum albumin
No full textThe development of nanotechnological devices and their clinical application in medicine has become increasingly important, especially in the context of targeted and personalized therapy. This is particularly important in cancer therapy, where antitumor drugs are highly cytotoxic and often exert their therapeutic effect at concentrations close to systemic toxicity. In the last years a growing number of studies has started to report the use of plasmonic nanoprobes in the field of theranostics, broadening the application of vibrational spectroscopies like Raman scattering and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) in biomedicine. The present work aims to identify and characterize the vibrational profiles of a widely used anticancer drug, irinotecan (CPT-11). With a rational approach, SERS experiments have been performed on this analyte employing both Au and Ag colloids, starting from simple aqueous solutions up to albumin mixtures. A major step forward for drug detection in albumin solutions has been taken with the adoption of a simple deproteinization strategy, and a two-in-one-step separation and identification by coupling thin layer chromatography, TLC, with SERS (TLC-SERS). The latter has revealed to be a valid system for protein separation and simultaneous analyte detection, showing a potential to become an innovative, sensitive and low cost method for antineoplastic drug profiling in patients' body fluids
Research highlights. Overcoming BRAF resistance to PLX4032 by AKT inhibition in PTEN-deficient melanoma cells
No full textA fast method for the detection of irinotecan in plasma samples by combining solid phase extraction and differential pulse voltammetry
No full textIn this paper, a fast method for the detection of irinotecan (CPT-11) in plasma samples was investigated. CPT-11 is widely used in a number of chemotherapeutic treatments of several solid tumors. The method is based on the combination of a solid phase extraction and an electrochemical detection step. The extraction of CPT-11 from plasma was performed using solid phase extraction (SPE) columns and acetonitrile as eluent. The procedure included also a cleaning step to eliminate interference due to plasma endogenous compounds and the co-therapeutics 5-fluoroacil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA). The latter are administered together with CPT-11 in the FOLFIRI regimen. The detection of CPT-11 was performed by differential pulse voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in basified acetonitrile media. Under these conditions, a well-defined peak due to the oxidation of the tertiary ammine end of CPT-11, also free from interference due to main metabolites, was obtained. Calibration plots showed a good linear response with limit of detection and quantification of 1.10 × 10-7 and 3.74 × 10-7 M, respectively. The suitability of the method proposed here for clinical applications was verified by determining the concentration of CPT-11 in plasma samples of an oncological patient, collected after 30 and 180 min from the infusion of the drug. Graphical abstract
Detection of low-quantity anticancer drugs by surface-enhanced Raman scattering
No full textUltrasensitive detection of low-quantity drugs is important for personalized therapeutic approaches in several diseases and, in particular, for cancer treatment. In this field, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) can be very useful for its ability to precisely identify analytes from their unique vibrational spectra, with very high sensitivity. Here, we report a study about SERS detection of sunitinib, paclitaxel and irinotecan, i.e. three commonly used antineoplastic drugs, and of SN-38, i.e. the metabolite of irinotecan, dissolved in methanol solutions. By using commercial Klarite substrates, we found that sunitinib, irinotecan and SN-38 have detection limits of 20-70 ng, which is below the threshold for applications in cancer therapy. Conversely, the SERS signal was not appreciable with paclitaxel, and this is explained by the absence of optical resonances in the visible range. Overall, our results show that ultrasensitive SERS detection of sunitinib, irinotecan and SN-38 is feasible, encouraging further development of this technology also for other drugs with similar molecular structure especially for those analytes with absorption bands in the visible range
Research highlights. Protein kinase D3 is the genetic sensitizer of RAF inhibitor RAF265 in melanoma cells
No full textPregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor and hepatocyte nuclear factors as emerging players in cancer precision medicine
No full textGreat research effort has been focused on elucidating the contribution of host genetic variability on pharmacological outcomes in cancer. Nuclear receptors have emerged as mediators between environmental stimuli and drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor and hepatocyte nuclear factors have been reported to regulate transcription of genes that encode drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Altered nuclear receptor expression has been shown to affect the metabolism and pharmacological profile of traditional chemotherapeutics and targeted agents. Accordingly, polymorphic variants in these genes have been studied as pharmacogenetic markers of outcome variability. This review summarizes the state of knowledge about the roles played by pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor and hepatocyte nuclear factor expression and genetics as predictive markers of anticancer drug toxicity and efficacy, which can improve cancer precision medicine
Metodo per la determinazione della concentrazione di 4-[(4-metil-1-piperazinil)metil]-n-(4-metil-3-{[4-(3-piridinil)-2-pirimidinil]-ammino}fenil)benzammide(imatinib) in campioni di plasma.
No full textHost genetic profiling to increase drug safety in colorectal cancer from discovery to implementation
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