1,721,086 research outputs found
RawMatCop-Alliance. Alliance of RawMaterials lifecycle with Copernicus and Remote Sensing techniques
No full textA crucial challenge for the transition to a carbon neutral economy is the high demand for mineral resources. In addition, embracing circularity and reducing the environmental impacts lead to focus on developing and using advanced tools to improve the mineral resource management, both technologically and economically. Earth observation (EO), specifically the Sentinel satellites of the Copernicus program, come into play. Many satellite types (multispectral and hyperspectral), are commonly used in different sectors such as agriculture and climate, however there is a big gap for mineral resource exploration and management. RawMatCop Alliance is the pertinent kit to transform the advanced scientific knowledge integrated with the industrial expertise to fill this gap. Course modules’ cover the whole mining life cycle including the exploration and new source prospecting and mapping, safety and sustainability of mineral resources, monitoring materials streams environmental monitoring in mining, and finally the mining wastes monitoring and characterization. The adoption of the course with free-access data and softwares, (e.g. Copernicus data) will inspire any single researcher/student, or a professional group, company or start-up to uptake the satellite technology, within and beyond the raw materials industries. The result can be transformational for the European economy, supporting the transition to a new circular economy model and driving sought-after job creation and growth
An innovative Borehole Heat Exchanger configuration with improved heat transfer
No full textThis paper presents an innovative Borehole Heat Exchanger (BHE) configuration in which the vertical probes are immersed in an artificial fluid, contained in a case separated from the ground by the usual filling material. This system leads to an increased heat transfer within the borehole due to the onset of induced natural convection in the annulus between the protection system and the vertical probes. The related TRCM schemes are presented for grouting filled conditions
Relazione tecnica: Richiesta di autorizzazione per l’installazione di sonde geotermiche verticali e piezometri a fini di test
No full textLa presente relazione tecnica è redatta ai fini dell’implementazione di un’attività del Progetto Europeo H2020 RES4LIVE “Energy Smart Livestock Farming towards Zero Fossil Fuel Consumption”. L’obiettivo generale di RES4LIVE consiste nel dimostrare la convenienza economica di sistemi a energie rinnovabili nel settore degli allevamenti, per garantire la sostenibilità ambientale dei processi, migliorare il comfort termico degli animali e conseguentemente incrementare la produzione, al contempo riducendo le emissioni di gas climalteranti.
Tra gli interventi dimostrativi, è prevista l’implementazione di un sistema sperimentale tecnologicamente avanzato a energie rinnovabili all’interno dell’”Azienda Agricola Golinelli”, specializzata nella produzione ortofrutticola e nell’allevamento di suini, situata in via Falconiera 35 a Mirandola (MO).
Il sistema costituirà un “unicum” nel contesto regionale e nazionale, e comprenderà l’integrazione di varie tecnologie, tra cui la tecnologia geotermica a bassa entalpia, con particolare riferimento allo stoccaggio del calore, proveniente dai pannelli solari termo-fotovoltaici, nel sottosuolo a lungo termine. Ai fini della caratterizzazione preliminare della risorsa geotermica superficiale, per verificare la fattibilità della realizzazione e scegliere la migliore soluzione, è necessario realizzare dei test preliminari, denominati “Test di Risposta Termica” oggetto della presente relazione tecnica, comprendente l’inquadramento idrogeologico dell’area
Relazione tecnica: richiesta di autorizzazione per l’installazione di un campo sonde geotermiche verticali a scopo di stoccaggio termico da fonte solare e recupero mediante pompa di calore
No full textLa presente relazione tecnica è redatta ai fini dell’implementazione di un’attività del Progetto Europeo H2020 RES4LIVE “Energy Smart Livestock Farming towards Zero Fossil Fuel Consumption”. L’obiettivo generale di RES4LIVE consiste nel dimostrare la convenienza economica di sistemi a energie rinnovabili nel settore degli allevamenti, per garantire la sostenibilità ambientale dei processi, migliorare il comfort termico degli animali e conseguentemente incrementare la produzione, al contempo riducendo le emissioni di gas climalteranti. Tra gli interventi dimostrativi, è prevista l’implementazione di un sistema sperimentale tecnologicamente avanzato a energie rinnovabili all’interno dell’”Azienda Agricola Golinelli”, specializzata nella produzione ortofrutticola e nell’allevamento di suini, situata in via Falconiera 35 a Mirandola (MO).
Il sistema costituirà un “unicum” nel contesto regionale e nazionale, comprendendo l’integrazione di varie tecnologie. Nello specifico, si richiede l’autorizzazione per installare un sistema BTES – borehole thermal energy storage, per lo stoccaggio nel sottosuolo di calore solare proveniente da pannelli termofotovoltaici, tramite un campo di sonde geotermiche. Nel medesimo sito, sono già state effettuate delle perforazioni a fine di test e monitoraggio (sonde geotermiche verticali di prova e piezometri) a inizio 2022. Pertanto, la relazione fa seguito alle autorizzazioni concesse precedentemente
Preface
No full textThe world needs raw materials, but people hardly welcome mining activities on their territory. “Not in my backyard” philosophy strongly manifests itself in developed and highly urbanized countries, such as the European ones. In this framework, revalorizing mining, mineral processing, and metallurgical residues can pave the way for more efficient exploitation strategies, better accepted by different societies and communities. However, supply proximity of (critical) raw materials will lead to multiple benefits for the local systems, such as creation of sustainable value chains; reduction of economic, social, and environmental transport costs; and improvement of the national security as the lack of raw materials is a serious threat.
Designed and developed in this context, the EIT Raw Materials 2-year project INCO-Piles (2020–21) aimed to define best practices and promoted technology transfer for the recovery of critical raw materials (CRMs) in the Mediterranean and Balkans areas. The main activities performed by the project consortium were:
•
matchmaking and networking through two round tables gathering international experts and stakeholders;
•
analyzing the techniques, technologies, and regulation aspects related to the mining residues;
•
designing and applying a recovery strategy for a real pilot case in Greece;
•
evaluating the potential market of exploitable CRMs from stockpiles and tailings;
•
defining an environmental approach for sustainable recovery;
•
attracting the attention of young generations to the importance of the topic of CRMs recovery from residues.
This book, inspired by the results achieved by the INCO-Piles Project and edited by Professor A. Chagnes and Dr. O. Chernoburova of the University of Lorraine, aims to provide a comprehensive contribution to approaching mining, mineral processing, and metallurgical residues as new sources of CRMs
Simulation of observed temperature field below a building in Bologna, Italy
Full text linkUrban settlements, whether single buildings or apartment blocks, influence near-surface ground temperatures. Heat transfer by buildings to the ground must therefore be considered when designing both vertical probes and energy geostructures in urban areas. However, assessment of ground temperature variability in urban areas is still uncommon for shallow geothermal energy purposes, the standard temperature gradient based on climatic conditions usually being employed during the design phase. Yet precise assessment of the heat transfer between buildings, infrastructures and the underground could improve the planning of geothermal systems. This work presents a numerical simulation of a finite-element model of heat transfer to the underground due to both a single building and climate conditions with the aim of reproducing the temperature waves at each depth. An isolated building in Bologna (Italy) was chosen since it allowed exact quantification of its influence on the ground temperature without external interferences. For this purpose, different boundary and initial conditions were applied to the ground thermal model and results were compared with historical data recorded over several years. The idea proposed in the paper for a single building can be considered as the baseline for further ground temperature assessment of wider urban settlements
Studio per la caratterizzazione delle potenze termiche estraibili da un reservoir geotermico a bassa entalpia sito in area Perugia-Balanzano, a fini di utilizzo con pompa di calore a CO2
No full textIl presente studio ricade nell’ambito di una collaborazione fra General Electric - Nuovo Pignone ed il Centro Studi e Ricerche per l’Ingegneria Mineraria del Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali dell’Università di Bologna.
La collaborazione mira a valorizzare le sinergie nel settore della produzione e stoccaggio dell’energia mediante sistemi complessi, con particolare riferimento alle risorse geotermiche. La collaborazione è stata regolata tramite il Consorzio Interuniversitario per l’Ingegneria delle Georisorse
(CINIGeo) al quale l’Università di Bologna afferisce essendone uno degli atenei fondatori
Deliverable D2.4 GEOTeCH Project. Report on the field trials of the augers and drill rig
No full textPart of the work carried out in WP 2 of the GEOTeCH project involve field trials. These trials have the aim to select, design, test and evaluate components of the drill rig and the augers under development.
We refer to the following:
-Task 2.4. (M9-M14 Field trials of augers)
-Task 2.6. (M4-M24 Drill rig design and prototyping).
The results of the development and the testing were presented in deliverable 2.3. (M24 Drill rig and tooling operational and tested).
In the current deliverable 2.4 relevant information from these field trials described above has been selected and is presented. Further field trials that are part of this report are the field trials carried out in preparation of the demo site installation (WP6) and the installation of the Tribano (IT) demo site in 2017.
To compile the current report information from the following field experiments has been used:
Field trials aimed at development of drill rig and components:
- 2015 Amsterdam (NL): Initial field test with existing augers.
- 2016 Emmeloord (NL): Field testing of augers and drill rig components.
- 2016 Emmeloord (NL): Field testing of augers.
- 2017 Emmeloord (NL): Field testing of heat exchanger installation.
Field trials aimed at testing completed equipment and installation procedure:
- 2017 Tribano (IT): Hiref demo site installation.
- 2018 Leicester (UK): DMU demo site installation.
- 2018 Amsterdam (NL): Groenholland demo site installation.
Currently (month 32), the field trials at one of the demo sites (Tribano) is completed and the preparatory work for the demo sites in Leicester (UK) and Amsterdam (NL) has been completed and the sites await installation in the coming months.
Both to Leicester and Amsterdam the pre demo site installation visits have been made and relevant information for the execution of the demo site installation is available. For the actual demo site installation and planning of the work we refer to WP6
A METHOD TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON GROUND TEMPERATURE EVOLUTION AT REGIONAL SCALE
Full text linkThe replacement of natural soil and vegetation by artificial surfaces increases temperatures of the surrounding air and subsurface throughout the year, because of indirect solar heating of urban structures, building heat losses and land use change. This phenomenon is called Urban Heat Island and it can be better perceived during night-time, when the city releases the heat accumulated during the day. During day-time, due to relatively small amounts of solar radiation received by urban surface, especially in high-density cities in arid and semi-arid climates, Urban Cool Island can be identified as well. The present work illustrates a mixed probabilistic-deterministic method to estimate ground temperature at shallow depth, starting from information on geology, hydrogeology, climate, but also urban presence, through correlations with global land cover and population density. A dedicated mapping on regular grid has been produced. Results have been compared with ground and aquifer temperature available in the literature, for some representative cities of Italian Peninsula and Alpine Zone. Preliminary validations are encouraging and can be taken as a starting point for more comprehensive mapping of ground temperature evolution at regional scale
A geostatistical point of view on heterosupport and heterotopic co-regionalization of remote sensed information
No full textThe growing use of remote sensing data (typically multi / hyperspectral satellite / drone images) has pushed towards the exploitation of indirect information known throughout the field of study. The use of remote sensing as indirect information, together with a limited number of direct and indirect field data, should improve the characterization of the target variable. The main challenge is to seek and quantify the possible correlations between the available information.
The starting point is the regularized nature of the information associated with the pixels. This prevents the identification and quantification of existing correlations, if at a scale below resolution.
An intuitive correlation study must be handled carefully for many reasons, including the position model of each terrestrial data within the corresponding pixel resolution surface, being the sample positions isotopic / heterotopic with the pixel or randomly distributed.
Often, comparing different images ignores some important issues. A typical problem is that images derived from different satellites / drones / equipment have different pixel resolution, therefore different support (heterosupport). Finally, the image data is generally heterotopic, even in the case of the same scene shot by the same satellite at different times.
Grasping the meaning of an experimental correlation coefficient becomes a sensitive issue. This contribution focuses on these issues and by a geostatistical approach explains the different meaning of apparently equivalent operations. There is a need to deepen the geostatistical co-regionalization analysis to quantify and overcome the inaccuracies and uncertainties of any experimental correlation study. And the solution tool remains the modelling of the cross covariance for different supports
- …
