1,721,135 research outputs found
Long-term effects of childhood obesity on morbidity and mortality.
No full textObesity tracks from childhood into adulthood, and the persistence of obesity rises with age among obese children. Early onset obesity was suggested as a risk factor for morbidity and mortality later in life. In both sexes, rates of diabetes, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, hip fracture and gout were increased in those who were overweight as adolescents. Especially in females, obesity at late adolescence was associated with several and relevant psychosocial consequences in adulthood. Finally, a higher mortality risk for all causes of death, especially atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease and colorectal cancer, was demonstrated in males but not in females who were overweight during high school years. Although the persistence of excess adiposity from childhood to adulthood is a morbidity risk factor, it is not known if total body fat or body fat distribution is the main factor responsible. In particular, a specific role for the intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) in childhood, independently from that of total body fat, on morbidity risk in adulthood was not demonstrated yet. The association between childhood obesity and adult morbidity and mortality strongly suggests that a more effective prevention and treatment of childhood obesity should be pursued
Body composition measurements: from the past to the future.
No full textDuring growth, the human body increases in size and changes its proportions of various components due to hormone mediators. Growth is a complex, biological process regulated by multiple factors. These factors include genetics, nutritional intake, physical activity, age, gender and endocrine balance, all of which influence a child's body composition during the growth years. Quantifying the main components is integral to the study of growth, as the assessment of human physical characteristics is important both in the anthropological and medical fields. It is important to have the possibility to control the growth process and to predict adult status in order to reduce the risk factors of various diseases. CONCLUSION: This paper examines issues in the measurements of paediatric body composition, describing traditional and new tools in this field
Sedentary and physical activity. What is their role in the development and maintenance of childhood obesity?
No full textEvidence exists that sedentary behaviour, in particular video exposition time, is associated with the development and the maintenance of obesity in children. Skeletal muscle activity plays a crucial role in the regulation of nutrient balance, in particular fat balance, so that a reduced physical activity level promotes fat gain. Therefore, a reduction of sedentary promoting activities (TV viewing, video games, etc) and an increase of both programmed and non programmed physical activities has to be emphasized in the prevention and treatment interventions on childhood obesity
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