1,720,991 research outputs found
16-Channel Module Based on a Monolithic Array of Single-Photon Detectors and 10-ps Time-to-Digital Converters
Full text linkWe present a compact and high-performance time-correlated single-photon counting detection module, based on a monolithic CMOS chip with an array of 16 channels, each composed by a 20 μm diameter single-photon avalanche diode and a time-to-digital converter. All 16 channels are independent and provide single-photon sensitivity in the visible and NIR wavelength range, from 350 to 950 nm (with a peak 45% detection efficiency at 450 nm), 10 ps photon-timing resolution, 160 ns full-scale range, better than 70 ps (full-width at half maximum) precision, and a differential non-linearity better than 0.015 LSB [root mean square (rms)], i.e., 150 fs (rms). The module requires just an USB 2.0 link for data-communication to a remote computer and power-supply, and it proves to be the best candidate for a wide variety of multichannel, low-power, compact, photon-counting, and photon-timing applications
Dual channel time-to-digital converter module with 10 ps resolution and 320 ns full scale range
Full text linkA dual-channel time-to-digital converter (TDC) module designed to accurately measure time intervals with 10 ps resolution, about 21 ps root-mean-square (rms) precision and 125 fs rms differential nonlinearity, over a 320 ns full scale range and up to 4 Mconv/s per channel is presented. The module can also operate the two channels in parallel, as a single TDC converter, in order to improve timing performance to about 15.3 ps rms. A USB 2.0 interface provides the power supply and allows fast data transfer to a computer, where a dedicated software interface handles measurement data and plots. Because of the excellent timing performance, compact dimensions and low power consumption, the dual-channel TDC module is suitable for advanced multi-channel time measurements at the picosecond level
Eight-Channel 21 ps Precision 10 μs Range Time-to-Digital Converter Module
No full textWe present an eight-channel time-to-digital converter (TDC) instrument capable of measuring up to eight independent time intervals, with 21 ps rms precision and less than 1.5% LSB rms differential nonlinearity, over 10 μs full-scale range and up to 5.5 Mconv/s per channel. The module can also operate the eight channels in average or interleaved mode, i.e., as a single TDC, in order to improve timing performance or conversion rate, respectively. The on-board real-time data processing allows fast data transfer to a remote computer, through a Universal Serial Bus 2.0 interface, and a dedicated software interface handles measurements and plots data. Thanks to excellent timing performance and just 6 W power consumption, the eight-channel TDC module is suitable for advanced cost-effective multichannel time measurements at picosecond level
Miniaturized 64-channel single-photon timing system
Full text linkWe present a portable 64-channel photon-counting system employing a monolithic array of Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) and a custom-designed Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC), for single-photon counting and timing applications. The system provides state-of-art singlephoton detection performance and time-resolved measurement capability, with timing precision down to 100 ps FWHM and linearity better than 2% LSB (RMS). The compact form factor (1â3 diameter by 2â3 length), extensive customization capabilities, and low power consumption enable its use in applications requiring both high-end single-photon performance and system portability, such as wearable health monitoring, hand-held equipment, and automotive time-of-flight 3D ranging measurement
Single-Chip Time-to-Digital Converter with 10 ps Resolution, 160 ns Dynamic Range, and 1% LSB DNL
No full textWe present a low-power Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) chip, fabricated in a standard cost-effective 0.35 μm CMOS technology, that provides 160 ns dynamic range, 10 ps resolution and Differential Non-Linearity better than 0.01 LSB rms. This chip is the core of a compact TDC module, provided with an USB 2.0 interface for user-friendly control and data-acquisition. The TDC chip consumes just 80 mW and enables the development of power-effective, ultra-compact TDC array chips for multi-channel timing boards. The TDC is suitable for a wide variety of applications such as: Time-of-Flight (TOF) Positron Emission Tomography (PET), picoseconds timings of nuclear events, Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM), 3D ranging measurements, time-resolved spectroscopy, Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT), Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (OTDR), quantum optics, etc
High-fill-factor 60×1 SPAD array with 60 subnanosecond integrated TDCs
Full text linkThis letter presents a high-fill-factor 60 x 1 linear array of single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) and 60 integrated time-to-digital converters (TDCs). The 100-mu m diameter SPAD has high photon detection efficiency (50% at 420 nm), very low dark count rate (2.5 kcps at room temperature), and negligible crosstalk (similar to 0.1% between adjacent pixels). The TDC resolution is 250 ps and its single-shot precision of 200-ps rms is limited just by the quantization noise. Very good linearity (DNL = 5% LSB rms and INL = 30% LSB rms) is achieved because of the sliding scale technique. The overall fill-factor of the array is 52%. This chip is suitable for many advanced spectroscopic applications, since it provides 60 independent single-photon detectors and the corresponding counting and timing electronics within just one integrated circuit
Time-to-digital converter card for multichannel time-resolved single-photon counting applications
Full text linkWe present a high performance Time-to-Digital Converter (TDC) card that provides 10 ps timing resolution and 20 ps (rms) timing precision with a programmable full-scale-range from 160 ns to 10 mu s. Differential Non-Linearity (DNL) is better than 1.3% LSB (rms) and Integral Non-Linearity (INL) is 5 ps rms. Thanks to the low power consumption (400 mW) and the compact size (78 mm x 28 mm x 10 mm), this card is the building block for developing compact multichannel time-resolved instrumentation for Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting (TCSPC). The TDC-card outputs the time measurement results together with the rates of START and STOP signals and the number of valid TDC conversions. These additional information are needed by many TCSPC-based applications, such as: Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM), Time-of-Flight (TOF) ranging measurements, time-resolved Positron Emission Tomography (PET), single-molecule spectroscopy, Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS), Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT), Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry (OTDR), quantum optics, etc
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