1,721,168 research outputs found
Compared analysis of factors affecting risk f N pollution of sows reared indoor or outdoor
No full textScrofe allevate all’aperto o in ambiente confinato: analisi comparata dei fattori che
influenzano i rilasci ambientali di azoto – Si è proceduto ad un’analisi dei fattori che condizionano i rilasci
ambientali di N di scrofe allevate all’aperto o in ambiente confinato. Rispetto all’allevamento confinato
quello all’aperto può comportare, a parità di carico di capi per ettaro i) maggiori escrezioni di N a causa
di incrementi di consumo alimentare e minori ritenzioni, ii) minori asportazioni di N da parte delle colture
vegetali praticabili sulla superficie di pascolo; iii) una disomogenea distribuzione delle deiezioni con
elevate concentrazioni in talune zone. Questa analisi preliminare suggerisce che l’allevamento all’aperto
può comportare rilasci di N più che doppi rispetto a quelli del sistema confinato. Le considerazioni esposte
potranno essere tenute presenti in progetti di ricerca finalizzati all’individuazione di strumenti di controllo
e contenimento dell’impatto ambientale di allevamento
Effetto del bicarbonato di sodio sullâ€TMecosistema ruminale e sullâ€TMefficienza produttiva del bovino
No full textInfluences of dietary crude protein and rumen protected conjugated linoleic acid on the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in lactating cows
No full textIn this trial the effects of a reduction of the dietary crude protein concentration, with or without addition of rumen protected conjugated linoleic acid (rpCLA), on DMI, milk yield, nutrients digestibility and N efficiency (milk N/intake N) were examined. Twenty Holstein-Friesian cows in middle lactation, homogeneous for parity, BW, body condition score, DIM, and milk yield, housed in pens of 5 were fed 4 diets containing 150 (CP15) or 120 g of CP/kg DM (CP12) with both CP15 and CP12 supplemented with 0 or 80 g/d of rpCLA, according to a 4×4 Latin Square design. Each period lasted 2 weeks for adaptation and one for experimental measures. The CP12 diet was formulated from CP15 by replacing soybean meal with barley meal to contain similar NDF content (37% DM). DMI and milk yield were recorded daily. Digestibility was evaluated using ADL as a marker, milk was analyzed for its chemical constituents. Individual data, averaged by group within period, were subjected to ANOVA. The reduction of dietary CP did not influence DMI, DM and NDF digestibility but reduced CP true digestibility from 0.82 to 0.77 (P<0.001), milk yield from 29.0 to 27.7 kg/d (P=0.072), milk protein
yield from 1.00 to 0.91 kg/d (P=0.006), and increased N efficiency from 0.31 to 0.36 (P<0.001). Addition of rpCLA reduced DMI from 21.4 to 19.6 kg/d (P=0.018), milk fat production from 0.99 to 0.93 kg/d (P=0.001) and improved N efficiency (P=0.019). Differently from what observed in literature on beef, no CP × rpCLA interaction was observed. The significant effect of rpCLA on N efficiency suggests that these bioactive molecules would exert influences on N metabolism, irrespectively by the dietary CP density used. The strong reduction of dietary CP had influences
on milk and milk protein yields much smaller than those
expected, as NRC model predicts for the same CP15 and CP12
diets milk yields of 23.8 and 13.9 kg/d, respectively. This would
reflect the existence of some compensating mechanisms, such
as N recycling, operating when cows are kept under sub-optimal
N suppl
Un approfondimento sul ruolo della vacca nutrice: condizioni attuali e prospettive future
No full text
Sow rearing in north Italy: II. analysis of nitrogen balance in different herds
No full textAllevamento di scrofe nel Veneto: I. indici tecnico-produttivi in differenti tipologie di allevamento.
Un’indagine effettuata su 17 allevamenti di scrofe ha consentito di raccogliere le informazioni necessarie
per valutare i principali indici tecnico-produttivi di tre tipologie di allevamento: a ciclo chiuso e a ciclo aperto
con la presenza o meno di lattonzoli in post-svezzamento. Per due anni si sono registrati i consumi alimentari,
la composizione dei mangimi, i movimenti dei capi in termini numerici e ponderali. Il numero di parti e il
numero di suinetti svezzati sono risultati mediamente pari a 2,47 e 23,9 per scrofa produttiva/anno. I consumi
di mangimi sono risultati in media pari a 1185 kg/scrofa/anno a cui si aggiungono 860 kg/scrofa/anno di
mangimi per lattonzoli, nelle tipologie in cui essi sono presenti. I risultati forniscono riferimenti utili per la valutazione
delle prestazioni di allevamento e sono la premessa per la definizione di bilanci aziendali dell’azoto
Sow rearing in north Italy: I. analysis of technical and productive characteristics of different herds
No full textAllevamento di scrofe nel Veneto: I. indici tecnico-produttivi in differenti tipologie di allevamento.
Un’indagine effettuata su 17 allevamenti di scrofe ha consentito di raccogliere le informazioni necessarie
per valutare i principali indici tecnico-produttivi di tre tipologie di allevamento: a ciclo chiuso e a ciclo aperto
con la presenza o meno di lattonzoli in post-svezzamento. Per due anni si sono registrati i consumi alimentari,
la composizione dei mangimi, i movimenti dei capi in termini numerici e ponderali. Il numero di parti e il
numero di suinetti svezzati sono risultati mediamente pari a 2,47 e 23,9 per scrofa produttiva/anno. I consumi
di mangimi sono risultati in media pari a 1185 kg/scrofa/anno a cui si aggiungono 860 kg/scrofa/anno di
mangimi per lattonzoli, nelle tipologie in cui essi sono presenti. I risultati forniscono riferimenti utili per la valutazione
delle prestazioni di allevamento e sono la premessa per la definizione di bilanci aziendali dell’azoto
Relationships between end products of fermentation using the gas production technique
No full textBook of abstract, 19th Congress of Animal Science and Production Associatio
Effect of feeding system on fatty acid profile of lambs of three Veneto Region Alpine breeds
No full textThe aim of this trial was to investigate the effect of diet, breed, gender and the tissue on the fatty acid (FA)
profiles of lambs of three native Italian sheep breeds. Thirty-six lambs, belonging to flocks subjected to an
in situ conservation program (Legnaro-Villiago), were used. Six males and 6 female lambs for each breed:
Alpagota, Brogna and Foza, were divided in three groups characterized by different feeding systems:
pasture, penned in an open barn and fed with hay and concentrate and penned in the open barn and fed with
hay and concentrate added with rpCLA supplement. At the age of 225 days the lambs were slaughtered,
samples of muscles, fatty depots and liver were collected and analyzed for FA profile. FA were extracted
and analyzed through GC. Data were analyzed by PROC MIXED of SAS considering the effect of the
feeding system, breed, gender, age and tissue. The random effect of animal was used to test feeding system,
breed, gender and age, whereas the effects of tissue and corresponding interactions were tested on the
residual. Among the factors of variation of FA profiles feeding system was the most important one because,
respect to the dry diets, pasture did not caused a variation of proportion among SFA, MUFA and PUFA,
but changed the proportion within SFA (C18:0;C18:1vaccenic), and PUFA (C18:2c9 t11 CLA; >C18:3 α
Linolenic; <C20:4n6 arachidonic), and decreased the omega6/omega3 ratio (3.28 vs. 6.17; P<0.0002). The
supplementation of rpCLA on barn diet increased both CLA isomers (C18:2c9, t11, P=0.010, and C18:2
t10, c12, P=0.018). The tissue was the most important within-animal cause of variation and affected all
the individual FA and their categories. Liver presented a FA profile very different from that of muscles and
fatty depots and, among these last tissues, kidney fat was very peculiar
Effects of genetic line and dietary crude protein level on growth traits of finishing heavy pigs
No full textThis trial was aimed to evaluate the effect on growth performance of restricted diets using conventional (CONV) or low-CP and low-essential amino acid diets (LP) on pigs of 4 genetic lines (GL): Anas (A), DanBred (D), Goland (G) and Topigs (T). In two rounds, 184 pigs (gilts and barrows), born in the same week, were raised on a common feeding regime till 80 kg BW. From 80 kg BW, the pigs were housed in 8 pens (10 to 12 pigs/pen) equipped with feeding station recording individual daily feed intake and received CONV or LP diets. During the early (90 to 120 kg BW) and late (120 to 165 kg BW) finishing periods the CONV diets contained 147 and 132 g CP/kg feed and 50 and 41 g lysine/kg CP, respectively, while LP diets contained 112 and 100 g CP/kg feed and 50 and 41 g lysine/kg CP, respectively. Every three weeks pigs were individually weighted and backfat thickness was ultra-soundly measured at P2 point. Data were subjected to ANOVA and diet was tested on pen within round as line of error. All growth traits were influenced by GL (P<0.001): the D pigs had greatest final BW (172 kg), ADG (0.700 kg/d), gain:feed ratio (0.272) and the lowest final backfat depth (15.9 mm) and backfat gain (+7.5 mm); the A and G pigs exhibited similar final BW (165 kg), average daily gain (ADG, 0.686 kg/d), gain:feed ratio (0.266), final backfat depth (18.6 mm) and backfat depth gain (+8.9 mm); the T pigs had the lowest final BW (159 kg), ADG (0.637), gain:feed ratio (0.248) and final backfat depth (16.2 mm) and backfat depth gain (+7.7 mm). The dietary treatment did not influence final BW and ADG, but LP increased backfat depth gain from +8.0 to +8.6 mm (P=0.013) compared to CONV. The GL × feed interaction was never significant. Differences among GL were more relevant than those due to the reduction of the dietary CP. These results are useful for the Italian Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) dry-cured ham production circuit
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