1,721,469 research outputs found
III CAIED
No full textEl tema y objetivo básico de la presente investigación es rastrear la presencia de tópicos literarios clásicos, pertenecientes al campo semántico del amor, del sexo y del erotismo, en la canción napolitana clásica. La hipótesis de partida es que la canción napolitana clásica ha desarrollado un universo temático sobre el amor, compuesto de numerosos elementos y tópicos literarios, que coincide sustancialmente con la concepción que tenían sobre el amor los antiguos griegos y romanos y con su plasmación literaria en forma de tópicos literarios. En la cultura clásica se fue desarrollando todo un universo temático sobre el amor, nace en la lírica arcaica, conoce gran desarrollo en la poesía latina, se transmite durante la Edad Media y, eventualmente, por la mediación muy relevante de Petrarca, alcanza las letras europeas modernas. Este universo conceptual y su plasmación artística encuentra acomodo en formas no canónicas de cultura (cine, publicidad y la canción popular). Esa visión sobre el amor parte de una concepción ambivalente o agridulce del amor: por un lado, es un sentimiento que puede aportar felicidad a la vida; por otro, tiene repercusiones negativas sobre el individuo. A partir de esa visión ambivalente, se fue desarrollando todo un sistema de tópicos literarios para caracterizar al amor. Por su parte, la canción napolitana clásica constituye un repertorio cultural muy rico, que aúna orígenes populares, clásicos, tradicionales y étnicos. Temáticamente, recoge el universo de tópicos literarios procedente de la poesía clásica grecolatina. Al objeto de implementar adecuadamente el tema y objetivo principal, se proponen una serie de objetivos concretos: 1) Presentar la literatura amatoria clásica y su trayectoria. 2) Caracterizar la ideología de griegos y romanos sobre el amor, en su visión positiva y negativa. 3) Presentar un elenco de los principales tópicos amorosos clásicos, con conceptualización, principales referencias y bibliografía. 4) Documentar la historia de la canción napolitana clásica, así como los principales rasgos (de tema y forma) del género. 5) Delimitar un corpus de estudio de la canción napolitana. 6) Detectar, analizar y sintetizar la asimilación creativa en la canción napolitana y la función de los tópicos clásicos del campo amatori
An Attempt to Conceptualize the Phenomenon of Stigma toward Intimate Partner Violence Survivors: A Systematic Review
Get PDFThe objectives of the present manuscript were to review the literature on stigma toward survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and to identify the most widely used assessment techniques to investigate this issue. The PRISMA guidelines were followed, and the systematic review was registered in PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42022327410. PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched. Two authors selected and extracted data from eligible studies. In total, 4220 hits were returned from the database search, and of them, 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. The articles included in the review confirm the presence of stigma toward IPV survivors, which can be divided into public stigma and self-stigma. Specifically, 17 studies were related only to public stigma, 1 study focused only on self-stigma, and 6 articles investigated aspects related to both public and self-stigma. Both qualitative and quantitative studies have been conducted on this topic. The considerations on the methodologies and assessment measures used in the included studies will be discussed in the results section. Based on the research included, it was possible to develop a contribution to the definition of stigma, which will be discussed in the article
News Media Representation of Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review
No full textIntroduction: Media framing encompasses the intentional curation and arrangement of relevant information, revolving around a central theme, to fashion a unified storyline. This article aims to explore how the news media frame women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV). By understanding these perceptions, it is possible to gain insight into societal attitudes and biases, shaping how IPV is perceived, discussed, and addressed within our communities. Methods: The review was pre-registered on the PROSPERO database of systematic reviews (registration number: CRD42022347911). Moreover, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA statement) was followed. A total of 17 articles were selected from 8158 search results across four databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data collection was conducted in 2022. Results: The 17 articles were divided into two groups: the media framing of women with an IPV experience and IPV-related femicides. Episodic framing was the most used frame in both groups. Moreover, a tendency to minimise the violence that occurred, to use inappropriate language, to blame the women, and to confound violence with love and sex resulted in both groups. Conclusions: News media tend to depict women who experienced IPV in a stigmatising way, but the review highlighted that media could make a positive impact by increasing public awareness and promoting more positive portrayals. Policy Implications: The review offers recommendations to develop policies and practises that can train media professionals to avoid perpetuating stereotypical images of women who experienced violence and report in a responsible and ethical ways
How Are Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence Portrayed on Social Media?
No full textThe aim of the present systematic review was to examine the state of social media representation of women with an experience of sexual violence (SV) and/or intimate partner violence (IPV), as social media has become a significant communication platform for developing social representations of public health issues. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was pre-registered in PROSPERO. PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched, and seven articles met the inclusion criteria. The review identified two distinct portrayals of women with experiences of violence on social media: a stigmatizing representation of women as victims and a portrayal of women as survivors. Therefore, the review shows that social media has the potential to convey a positive representation of women and to raise public awareness on this social issue. Nonetheless, if not used responsibly, social media can contribute to spreading stigmatizing beliefs toward violence against women. In conclusion, this review provides an up-to-date understanding of the portrayal of women with an experience of violence on social media, highlighting the significant influence that social media has on public perceptions
Intimate Partner Violence: Definition, Assessment and Psychological Interventions
Get PDFThis PhD Thesis centers on intimate partner violence (IPV), a prevalent form of violence directed towards women, encompassing physical, sexual, and psychological abuse, as well as controlling behaviours exerted by an intimate partner. It also delves into the experience of stigma that women who have faced violence may encounter in their daily lives.
Part I of the thesis aims to thoroughly explore the complexities surrounding the definition of IPV and presents three distinct assessment studies conducted for the purpose of this doctoral research. The results of these studies indicate that women with a history of violence exhibit significantly lower levels of well-being and posttraumatic symptoms. Additionally, the studies highlight the pivotal role of constructs such as emotion regulation, self-esteem, guilt, and alexithymia in women with an experience of IPV's well-being.
Building on the findings from Part I, the subsequent phase focuses on developing and evaluating the effectiveness of two tailored psychological interventions for women who have experienced IPV: an Expressive Writing intervention and the Women’s EmotionS, Trauma and EmpowErMent (W-ES.T.EEM) Intervention. Both interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing the psychological well-being of these women, emphasising the importance of incorporating them into support programs designed for this population.
The other focus of the present PhD thesis was on stigma towards women with an IPV experience. The initial step of the research on this topic involved conducting two systematic reviews of existing literature. The results indicated that the existing definition of stigma developed for mental health issues also applies to this population, encompassing stereotypes leading to prejudice and discrimination against the stigmatised group. Both public and self-stigma were found to be present and have significant implications for this population.
Expanding on the results of the systematic reviews, two studies specifically focused on public stigma were conducted (presented in Part IV). The first study aimed to examine how the general population perceived episodes of IPV, employing a vignette methodology. The results showed that respondents tended to attribute more blame to the woman who experienced violence in two manipulated vignettes - ‘Reaction’ and ‘Cheating’ – compared to a control one. Moreover, participants were more inclined to view violence with greater seriousness in a vignette where the perpetrator was under the effects of alcohol. They attributed greater responsibility to the perpetrator while assigning less blame to the woman. The second study on public stigma aimed to investigate the predictive role of empathy in stigma towards women with an experience of violence. The results confirmed the hypotheses: empathy appeared to play a predictive role in the victim-blaming process. These results underscore the importance of conducting anti-stigma campaigns focusing on empathy to foster a more compassionate and responsible society.
In conclusion, this Ph.D. thesis aims to enhance our understanding of IPV and propose intervention strategies for this complex and widespread issue in our society
Exploring the Phenomenon of Victim Blaming Toward Women With an Intimate Partner Violence Experience and the Role of Empathy
No full textWomen who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) often encounter victim blaming from the general population, where individuals attribute responsibility to the victim’s behavior for the violent episode. This phenomenon is influenced by levels of empathy, with lower empathy correlating with a higher likelihood of blaming women exposed to partner violence. Two studies were conducted. The aim of the first study was to explore the general population’s perceptions of IPV severity, inclination to excuse the perpetrator, and tendency to blame women. The second objective was to investigate the predictive role of empathy in victim blaming. Study One (N = 5,834) was conducted using a vignette methodology to assess victim blaming, minimization of depicted violence, excusing the perpetrator, and perceptions of violence severity. Specifically, five vignettes were used: one was the “Control Vignette,” depicting a police officer responding to a neighbor’s call about a physical altercation between two partners, resulting in visible injuries to the woman. This vignette was then manipulated by adding different pieces of information in four other vignettes: a “Cheating Episode Vignette”; a “Reaction Vignette”; a “Financial Stressor Vignette”; and an “Alcohol Abuse Vignette.” Study Two (N = 7,236) was conducted using a mediational analysis. Results revealed increased tendencies to blame women for violence, particularly in scenarios involving infidelity and reaction from the woman. The second study confirmed empathy’s predictive role in victim blaming, highlighting the intricate interplay of empathy, perception of violence, and blame assignment. These findings underscore the importance of promoting empathy for a compassionate and responsible society, suggesting that fostering empathy could contribute to reducing victim-blaming tendencies
Guilt, alexithymia, and posttraumatic symptoms in the aftermath of intimate partner violence: A mediation analysis
No full textObjective: The objective of this article is to explore the relationships between two significant predictors, as indicated by existing literature, of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms: guilt and alexithymia. The investigation centers on a clinical sample of women who have encountered intimate partner violence (IPV). Method: A total of 740 women who had experienced IPV (M-age = 42.84, SD = 11.092) were recruited to participate in this study. Mediation analysis was employed to examine the mediating role of guilt and alexithymic difficulties in the relationship between IPV and PTSD symptoms. Results: The findings of this study provide empirical support for the mediating effects of guilt and alexithymia in the link between IPV and PTSD symptoms. Specifically, higher levels of guilt and alexithymia were found to be associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing symptoms of PTSD among women with an IPV experience. Conclusion: The results of this study have important implications for the development of interventions tailored to the specific needs of women who have experienced IPV. In particular, interventions that target and address guilt and alexithymia hold promise for effectively mitigating symptoms of PTSD in this population. By addressing these underlying factors, interventions can help women navigate their trauma, facilitate emotional processing, and support their journey toward recovery and well-being
Unveiling the traumatic impact of cyber dating abuse and offline intimate partner violence: exploring the mediating role of adult attachment
Get PDF: Cyber Dating Abuse (CDA) corresponds to a traumatic experience involving controlling and harassing behavior by a partner through modern technologies. This study aimed to assess the frequency of CDA, explore its connection to offline violence (specifically Intimate Partner Violence-IPV), and investigate attachment's mediating role in the relationship between various violence forms (cyber and offline) and trauma symptoms. Two groups were recruited for the study: one comprising 342 individuals who reported encountering offline IPV within the previous year and another group of 334 individuals who did not have such experiences. Both groups exhibited CDA, with the IPV-experienced group showing statistically significant higher prevalence. This supports literature indicating a relationship between online and offline violence. Additionally, attachment anxiety mediated CDA controlling, offline IPV, and subsequent PTSD symptoms, while attachment avoidance mediated only between offline IPV and PTSD symptoms. The findings seemed to validate the importance of acknowledging attachment as a mediator for PTSD, both in clinical practice and research
- …
