312 research outputs found
Sensory Profiling and Positioning of Market Samples of Potato Chips
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Mythology in Children’s Literature: A Narrative Study on Roopa Pai’s Gita
No full textThe function of conveying a culture’s myth to its younger generation is a very delicate process. Myth is a mixture of fact and fantasy and it is the duty of an adult reteller to convey the right ideas in a right manner to the children. Creating mythological retellings for children involves a multi-levelled process: filtering the myth to make it child-appropriate, structuring it in an attractive format and delivering a content relatable for the kids. Roopa Pai, an Indian writer for children, came out with a book titled Gita: For Children (2015), which retells the Bhagvad Gita of the Mahabharata. The Bhagvad Gita, being a book of complex philosophies, is difficult enough to be explained to adults. Hence, it takes a deeper understanding of the source text and also the psyche of children to come out with a work like that. The objective of this paper is to analyse the narrative technique that Pai has followed in Gita: For Children in order to break down a culture’s mythology into a digestible form for the younger generation. The methodology for the study would be a narrative analysis of the primary text. It was identified from the study that Pai constructs a three-layered structure in the text: a) a background insight into the story, where she describes the context and adds additional information on elements seen in the story b) the narration of the story c) explaining the facts of the story with examples relatable for the children. This third structure involves a concept called Applied Mythology. It explains how myth is applicable in the contemporary world. It is also observed that there are three parallel conversations throughout the text: a) the one between Krishna and Arjuna b) the one between Sanjaya and Dritarashtra and c) the one between Pai and her readers. In this third category, Pai uses the technique called ‘breaking the fourth wall’. Here, Pai comes out of her veil as a distant narrator and directly talks to her target audience, the children. While most authors claim it is more difficult to write for children than for adults, this study shall help understand the different narrative strategies that Pai employs in the text to simplify complex philosophies of life for children
HIV-1 Glycoprotein 120-Specific Exosome-Targeted CD8+ T Cell Vaccine
No full textImmunosuppression is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. Upon binding to cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 receptor via trimeric glycoprotein (Gp) 120, HIV-1 enters and multiplies in CD4+ T cells, leading to the death of these cells. CD4+ T helper (Th) cells are required for the generation and maintenance of CD8+ T cells, which are crucial to control HIV-1 proliferation. The stimulation of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell responses in CD4-deficient environment is a major scientific challenge. In addition, dendritic cells (DCs) expressing C-type lectin and dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) with high affinity for Gp120, appear to act as “Trojan horses”, facilitating the spread of HIV-1 from mucosal surfaces to T cells in lymph nodes, and these HIV-1-infected T cells have been found to be impaired. Currently, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the only means to halt progression of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although HAART suppresses viral replication and significantly improves prognosis, toxicity and cost of the treatment have become major limitations for its use. In addition, with long-term use, HAART also decreases HIV-1-specific CD4+ Th1 and CD8+ T cell responses, causing a functional decrease in capacity of HIV-1-capturing DCs in initiating adaptive immune responses. As a result, HIV patients are unable to eliminate infected cells and proviral latent reservoirs. Therefore, how to stimulate efficient CD8+ T cell responses in AIDS patients is one of the major challenges in HIV-1 patient therapy.
Previously, it was demonstrated that novel ovalbumin (OVA)-specific exosome (EXO)-targeted CD4+ T cell vaccine (CD4+aTexo) was capable of stimulating CD4+ T cell-independent CD8+ T cell responses and antitumor immunity to a highly metastasizing tumor challenge in wild-type mice. Since CD4+ T cells are killed by HIV-1, the present study proposed to use active CD8+ T cells rather than active CD4+ T cells for vaccine development. First, OVA-specific CD8+aTexo (OVA-aTexo) vaccine was prepared by pulsing concanavalin A (Con A)-stimulated CD8+ T cells with OVA-pulsed DCs (DCOVA)-released exosomes (EXOOVA). In wild-type mice, OVA-aTexo vaccine stimulated CD4-independent OVA-specific CD8+ T cell responses via CD40L and interleukin (IL)-2 signaling, and exosomal peptide major histo-compatibility complex (pMHC)-I targeting. To further provide insight into whether CD8+aTexo vaccine induces similar cellular immune response in the context of human immune system, transgenic A2-Kb mice expressing α1 and α2 domains of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 and α3 domain of mouse H2-Kb were used. Adenovirus (AdVGp120) expressing HIV-1 envelope protein Gp120 was used to transfect bone-marrow DCs to generate DC expressing Gp120 and DCGp120-released EXO were purified (EXOGp120). EXOGp120 were also purified from the culture supernatant of DC2.4Gp120-transfected cells. Next, Gp120-specific CD8+aTexo (Gp120-aTexo) vaccine was prepared by pulsing ConA-stimulated CD8+ T cells with EXOGp120. In wild-type and A2-Kb mice, Gp120-aTexo vaccine stimulated Gp120-specific effector and memory CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, and provided preventive immunity to BL610-Gp120 and BL6-10A2Kb/Gp120 tumor cells, respectively. Gp120-aTexo vaccine also provided therapeutic immunity against 3 and 6-day lung tumor metastasis in transgenic A2-Kb mice. Taken together, these results represent a novel approach to the induction of immunity for the treatment of AIDS patients with CD4+ T cell deficiency or for use in AIDS patients on HAART to clear virus-infected cells
Contribution of protein phosphorylation to binding-induced folding of the SLBP–histone mRNA complex probed by phosphorus-31 NMR
No full textAbstractPhosphorus-31 (31P) NMR can be used to characterize the structure and dynamics of phosphorylated proteins. Here, I use 31P NMR to report on the chemical nature of a phosphothreonine that lies in the RNA binding domain of SLBP (stem-loop binding protein). SLBP is an intrinsically disordered protein and phosphorylation at this threonine promotes the assembly of the SLBP–RNA complex. The data show that the 31P chemical shift can be a good spectroscopic probe for phosphate-coupled folding and binding processes in intrinsically disordered proteins, particularly where the phosphate exhibits torsional strain and is involved in a network of hydrogen-bonding interactions
Fundamental investigation of bio-surfactants-assisted harvesting strategy for microalgae
No full textThe lack of energy-sufficient harvesting technologies has dramatically impeded the commercialization of microalgae-derived bio-products. To address this challenge, a foam flotation harvesting approach using bio-surfactants has been previously developed for microalgae. However, most studies have applied chemical surfactants in the foam flotation, which is in opposition to the concept of sustainability. Thus, in this study, two bio-surfactants including rhamnolipid and Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) were applied in foam flotation-assisted harvesting for Chlorella vulgaris. Initially, the ability of foam formation and foam stability in different microalgal culture media including distilled water, MiracleGro™, and Bold's Basal Medium (BBM) were evaluated. Following this, the microalgal cell adhesion mechanism was elucidated using FTIR analysis, zeta potential, and conductivity. The results showed that a higher degree of foam stability was observed when using BSA as the bio-surfactant than rhamnolipids. No big difference in the zeta potential was observed for BSA in all tested culture media, and the value of zeta potential was approx. 20 mV whereas, a difference was observed between rhamnolipid solution and rhamnolipid in culture media at all tested conditions. On the contrary, in the conductivity analysis, the use of rhamnolipids led to a higher conductivity at all investigated conditions compared to BSA. FTIR analysis suggested that the addition of either rhamnolipids or BSA did not affect the functionality. Overall, this fundamental study regarding the bio-surfactant-assisted foam flotation harvesting strategy for microalgae lays the foundation for process development.NSERCUniversity of Prince Edward Island (UPEI
Electronic Health Records: Delivering the Right Information to the Right Health Care Providers at the Right Time
No full textIn 1993 I wrote "Communication and information management consume as much as 40 percent of all inpatient costs, yet errors still occur at an unacceptable rate. The Institute of medicine has suggested that electronic medical records (EMRs) will help lower health care costs, maintain quality of care, and provide physicians with better information" (Tierney et al. 1993, 379). Nearly 20 years later I'm here to tell you how far we've come toward implementing EHRs nationwide, and what we've learned from our experience at the Regenstrief Institute in Indiana University. Most of us consider health care to be a service business, because we think in terms of a patient who goes to the doctor to get some thing: advice, medication, devices, surgery, or physical therapy. I'm going to argue that what patients really get, and health care practitioners really provide, is information. Ninety-eight percent of what we who practice medicine do is not the end result, the end service, but the overall process of getting there.electronic medical records, EMRs, EHRs
Characterization and determination of the solution state conformation of a Thirteen residue peptide
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Curcumin based optical sensing of fluoride in organo-aqueous media using irradiation technique
No full textGuanidino-aryl substituted enol lactones: Selective and potent mechanism-based inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteases
No full textTwo classes of valero enol lactones were synthesized and examined as potential inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteases. The first class of protio and iodo enol lactones had either a 4-guanidino phenyl substituent (3-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-methylidene tetrahydro-2-pyranone (1) and 3-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-(E)-iodomethylidene tetrahydro-2-pyranone (2)) or a 4-guanidinomethyl phenyl substituent (3-(4-guanidinomethylphenyl)-6-methylidene tetrahydro-2-pyranone (3) and 3-(4-guanidinomethylphenyl)-6-(E)-iodomethylidene tetrahydro-2-pyranone (4)) at the -position. The -aryl substituted system included the 4-guanidino phenyl substituted protio and iodo enol lactones 4-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-(methylidene) tetrahydro-2-pyranone (5) and 4-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6-(E)-iodomethylidene tetrahydro-2-pyranone (6), as well as the corresponding -benzamido substituted analogs (3R*,4R*) 3-benzamido-4-(guanidinophenyl)-6-methylidene tetrahydro-2-pyranone (7) and (3R*,4R*) 3-benzamido-4-(4-guanidinophenyl)-6(E)-iodomethylidene tetrahydro-2-pyranone (8).The lactones were tested for inhibitory activity against some trypsin-like enzymes, namely tyypsin, urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasmin and thrombin, as well as -chymotyypsin and human neutrophil elastase (HNE). The -(guanidino phenyl) substituted iodo lactone 2 was a suicide substrate of urokinase, plasmin, t-PA, thrombin and -chymotrypsin, with an exceptionally high specificity for the former two enzymes. The guanidinomethyl phenyl substituted iodo lactone 4 was a suicide substrate of all the trypsin-like enzymes tested, exhibiting exceptionally high specificity in its inhibition of trypsin and urokinase. The corresponding protio lactone 3 was an alternate substrate inhibitor of urokinase and thrombin, its potency being attributed to moderately stable acyl enzyme intermediates. Among the -aryl substituted lactones, no new suicide substrates for trypsin-like enzymes were found. The lactones 5 and 6 were alternate substrate inhibitors, selective for the trypsin-like enzymes. The iodo lactone 8 was a potent transient inactivator of trypsin and urokinase; in addition, it was a very selective and effective suicide substrate of -chymotrypsin.In general, the guanidino-aryl substituted enol lactones showed selectivity and superior specificities for trypsin-like enzymes, over -chymotrypsin and HNE. In addition, there was some selectivity within the class of trypsin-like enzymes. The -aryl substituted iodo lactones were suicide substrates and the -aryl substituted systems were potent alternate substrate inhibitors of some of the trypsin-like enzymes.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:36:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license.txt: 4922 bytes, checksum: 910b249b4beec47e7ab768910c8f966f (MD5)
9236573.pdf: 3308353 bytes, checksum: f6ab6c20a66f57ae49d3c0c41536dad1 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1992Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:56:48Z
Item is restricted indefinitely.Restriction data tranferred 2014-07-01T11:26:35-05:00
Original Data
Group with Access UIUC Users [automated]
Release Date: none
Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I Onl
- …
