3,074 research outputs found
Shrinkings, structures at infinity and affine expansions, with an application to c-extended P- and T-geometries
No full textThis paper is a shortened exposition of the theory of shrinkings, with particular emphasis on the relations between shrinkings and geometries at infinity or affine expansions. To make things easier, we shall only consider locally affine geometries, referring the reader to [A. Pasini, C. Wiedorn, Local parallelisms, shrinkings and geometries at infinity, in: A. Pasini (Ed.), Topics in Diagram Geometry, in: Quaderni di Matematica, vol. 12, Second University of Naples, 2003, pp. 127-195] for a more general perspective. The following are our main sources: G. Stroth and C. Wiedorn [c-extensions of P- and T-geometries, J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 93 (2001) 261-280] and A. Pasini and C. Wiedorn [Local parallelisms, shrinkings and geometries at infinity, in: A. Pasini (Ed.), Topics in Diagram Geometry, in: Quaderni di Matematica, vol. 12, Second University of Naples, 2003, pp. 127-195] for shrinkings and geometries at infinity, A. Pasini [Embeddings and expansions, Bull. Belg. Math. Soc.-Simon Stevin 10 (2003) 585-626] and G. Stroth and C. Wiedorn [c-extensions of P- and T-geometries - A survey of known examples, in: A. Pasini (Ed.), Topics in Diagram Geometry, in: Quaderni di Matematica, vol. 12, Second University of Naples, 2003, pp. 197-226] for affine expansions and A. Pasini [Locally affine geometries of order 2 where shrinkings are affine expansions, Note Mat. (in press)] for shrinkings in connection with affine expansions. In the final section of this paper we shall discuss applications of shrinkings to the classification of flag-transitive c-extended P- and T-geometries. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
On flat extended grids
No full textA family of flat flag-transitive extended grids was constructed in Meixner and Pasini (1993). In fact, those extended grids are instances of the gluing construction described in Buekenhout et al. (1994). They can be obtained by gluing a circular space with 2n points with a dual grid of order (1,2n - 2). In this paper we shall prove that all flat flag-transitive extended grids but the emi-octahedron can be obtained as gluings in that way
Trichocline cisplatina E. Pasini & M. R. Ritter 2012, sp. nov.
No full textTrichocline cisplatina E. Pasini & M.R.Ritter, sp. nov. (Figs. 1 and 2) Trichoclini catharinense affinis sed ab ea habitu prostrato, scapo procumbente, foliis adpressis ad solo, fortiter pinatifida, usque ad decem paribus lobis rotundatis in marginibus, denique lobis secundariis formanti; involucris longioribus; floribus marginibus aureis cum corolla bilabiato-ligulata; ovario papillis claviformibus elongatis et albis differt. Type: — BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: Arroio Grande, próximo à ponte do Passo do Ricardo, em campo limpo, úmido e arenoso, às margens do Rio Piratini, associado à Eryngium horridum Malme, hábito prostrado, escapo procumbente, 31º54’48.9’’S, 52º39’542. 21’’W, 60 m, September 2011, fl., E . Pasini, A . A. Schneider e F . Torchelsen 898 (holotype: ICN!; isotype: ICN!; LP!; MO!; RB!). Herbs perennial, acaulescent, with scape reaching up to 23 cm when flowering, glabrous to tomentose. Xylopodium 2–5 × 2 cm. Leaves rosulate, sessile; blade discolorous, glabrous to pubescent above and glabrescent to tomentose below, flexuose, oblanceolate or spatulate, 4.5–24 × 0.5–5.5 cm, base sessile, attenuate, margin pinatisect, 4–10 pairs of rounded and flexuose lobes, 0.5–2.5 × 0.5–2.0 cm, eventually forming secondary lobes, apex obtuse to subacute. Inflorescence monocephalic, scapigerous, scape glabrescent to tomentose, procumbent, 6–20 × 0.2–0.4 cm, with leafy bracts; bracts 1-6, linear, glabrescent to tomentose, 1.0– 6.5 cm long, eventually coming from the base of the rosette. Capitula radiate, heterogamous; involucre hemispheric to campanulate, 1.8–3.0 × 1.8–5.0 cm; phyllaries 3-4-seriate, imbricate, green, the outermost phyllaries spreading, lanceolate to spatulate, 10–20 × 1.7–5.0 mm, adaxial surface glabrescent to tomentose, apex acute, eventually mucronate, the median phyllaries spatulate, 12–22 × 1.7–2.7 mm, adaxial surface tomentose, apex acute, the inner most phyllaries lanceolate, membranaceous, 14–24 × 1.7–2.7 mm, glabrous to glabrescent on both surfaces, apex acuminate, brownish red at apex and margins; receptacle concave, epaleaceous, alveolate, glabrous. Florets dimorphic, ray florets pistillate, uniseriate, 15–25, corollas ligulate-bilabiate, abaxial lip liguliform, lanceolate, 14–22.3 × 2.3–4.2 mm, 3-lobed in the apex, adaxial surface tomentose, with 4-celled trichomes, sparsely distributed, adaxial lip bisect, lobes filiform and spiral, 7.5–13.6 mm long; corolla yellow-orange, tube 5.5–9.8 mm long, with 4-celled trichomes sparsely distributed; staminodes 1.7–3.4 mm long, apex acute to acuminate, base caudate, papillose, margin reflex near the apex when acuminate; style 11–19 mm long, bifid, exserted, style lobes dorsally papillose, 0.7–1.2 mm long; disc florets bisexual, 50-80, corollas bilabiate, abaxial lip 3-lobed, reflex to revolute, 2.6-5 × ca. 1 mm, with 4-celled trichomes sparsely distributed, adaxial lip bifid, lobes lanceolate, reflex to revolute, 1.2-4.5 mm long, corolla tube 10–18 mm long; stamens 7.6–9.3 mm long, apical appendages lanceolate, apex acute, base slightly constricted, basal appendages caudate, papillose, 2–3.2 mm long, filaments papillose at the base, style 10.8–19.7 mm long, bifid, exserted, style lobes dorsally papillose, 0.7–1.2 mm long. Ovary cylindrical, obovate or obconical, truncate at the apex, 2.3–5 × 2–3.2 mm, with whitish 2-seriate trichomes, inflated at the apex, densely distributed, 170–230 µm long; pappus uniseriate, 12–18.3 mm long, whitish, with barbellate bristles. Distribution and habitat: — Trichocline cisplatina was collected in southern Brazil, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (Fig. 3) in the physiographic regions locally known as Encosta do Sudeste, Litoral and Serra do Sudeste. It is also known from southeastern Uruguay, municipality of La Pedrera, Rocha Province. The region where the species occurs belongs to the Pampean Biogeographical Province, which is restricted to Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil (Cabrera & Willink 1973). The floristic physiognomies in which this species in found vary from grasslands and shrublands to pioneer vegetation along coastal plains in the southeastern part of the State, at an elevation range between 0 to 400 m a.s.l. According to field observations and notes associated with herbarium specimens, T. cisplatina grows on grasslands and shrublands with rocky or sandy soils and dunes. Phenology: —Flowering and fruiting specimens have been collected from September to May. Conservation Status: —According to the IUCN Red list (IUCN 2001) the species is considered to be vulnerable (VU, subcriteria A3, A1’s (c) and (e)–a decline of quality of habitat and the effect of introduced taxa), due to the introduction of Pinus spp. and the presence of Ulex europaeus L. (1753: 741) in the area of occurrence of the species. Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the species occurrence in the former Cisplatina Province, which once belonged to Brazil and today is within Uruguayan territory. In Latin, “cis” means on this side, and “Platina” refers to Río de la Plata or Riverplate. Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul: Arroio Grande, Passo do Ricardo, rio Piratini, campo arenoso, 4 November 1961, G . Pabst & E. Pereira 6782 (HB); Capão do Leão, Cerro das Almas, 21 September 2011, fl., E . Pasini, A. A. Schneider & F. Torchelsen 987 (ICN); Herval, em campo arenoso, 21 September 2011, fl., E . Pasini, A. A. Schneider & F. Torchelsen 899 (ICN); Pedro Osório, 8 November 1973, fl., J. C . Sacco, E. C. dos Santos & E. dos Santos s.n. (CTES 121249, FLOR 18222, PACA 68784, PEL 8759); Pelotas, Fazenda Capão Redondo, a 23 km do IBDF, na rodovia para Jaguarão, no campo limpo, 16 January 1981, J . Mattos, N. Silveira & N. Mattos 22263 (HAS); Rincão do Meio, 19 May 1959, J. C . Sacco 1199 (HBR); Rio Grande, Domingos Petroline, 5 October 1982, I. V . Gonçalves 135 (HURG). URUGUAY. Rocha: La Pedrera, dunas, Jan 1981, A. L . Cabrera 32311 (SI, LP); Punta de las Rocas, 9 December 2001, E . Figueredo s.n. (MVJB 21080). This new species was first collected by Sacco (Sacco 1199) in 1959 and identified by B. Rambo in the same year as T. incana Cass. (1826: 216). In the last fifty years the species has been identified by taxonomists as T. catharinensis, T. incana, T. macrocephala Less. (1830: 288), T. sinuata (Don) Cabrera (1953: 531) or as Trichocline sp. In fact, the renowned botanist A.L. Cabrera, who described the most morphologically similar species, T. catharinensis, in 1973, collected this new species, and identified it as Trichocline sp. According to Zardini (1975) T. catharinensis is restricted to southern Brazil, endemic to high elevation areas between 750 and 1500 m (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul States). However in the examined material of T. catharinensis, Zardini cites some herbarium specimens (E. Pereira 8445, Pereira & Pabst 7720, Pereira 6782 & Pabst 6608, Burkart 25200) that occur in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul state, in lower elevations areas between 0 to 400 m. In the present work these materials indicated by Zardini were analyzed and identified as T. cisplatina. Trichocline cisplatina is similar to T. catharinensis in the morphology of the innermost phyllaries. These are lanceolate, brownish red and 1-2-seriate in both species. According to Cabrera & Klein (1973), there are two varieties of T. catharinensis: T. catharinensis var. catharinensis and T. catharinensis var. discolor Cabrera (1973: 48). The new species is most similar to T. catharinenses var. discolor, with which it shares pinatifid leaves and whitish ovary trichomes. Trichocline cisplatina can be distinguished from both varieties of T. catharinensis by its procumbent scape, deeply pinatifid leaves with 4-10 pairs of rounded lobes, yelloworange ray floret corollas, broader capitula and phyllaries and ovaries with 2-seriate trichomes that are inflated at the apex and densely distributed. Furthermore, these two species have a disjunct distribution in southern Brazil. Trichocline catharinensis occurs in grasslands and shrublands of high elevation areas between 750 to 1500 m and T. cisplatina is endemic to low elevation areas in the coastal region of southern Rio Grande do Sul State and southeastern Uruguay, occurring on grasslands and shrublands with rocky or sandy soils and dunes.Published as part of Pasini, Eduardo & Ritter, Mara Rejane, 2012, Trichocline cisplatina (Asteraceae, Mutisieae), a new species from southern Brazil and Uruguay, pp. 19-25 in Phytotaxa 42 on pages 20-24, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.42.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/489480
A family of multiply extended grids
No full textWe construct an infinite family {Gamma(n)}(n=5) of finite connected graphs Gamma(n) that are multiple extensions of the well-known ''extended grid'' discovered in [1] (which is isomorphic to Gamma(5)). The graphs Gamma(n) are locally Gamma(n-1) for n > 5, and have the following property: the automorphism group G(n) of Gamma(n) permutes transitively the maximal cliques of Gamma(n) (which are n-cliques) and the stabilizer of some n-clique x of Gamma(n) in G(n) induces Sigma(n) on the vertices of pi. Furthermore we show that the clique complexes of the graphs Gamma(n) are simply connected
Train-O-Matic: Supervised Word Sense Disambiguation with no (manual) effort
No full textWord Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is the task of associating the correct meaning with a word in a given context. WSD provides explicit semantic information that is beneficial to several downstream applications, such as question answering, semantic parsing and hypernym extraction. Unfortunately, WSD suffers from the well-known knowledge acquisition bottleneck problem: it is very expensive, in terms of both time and money, to acquire semantic annotations for a large number of sentences. To address this blocking issue we present Train-O-Matic, a knowledge-based and language-independent approach that is able to provide millions of training instances annotated automatically with word meanings. The approach is fully automatic, i.e., no human intervention is required, and the only type of human knowledge used is a task-independent WordNet-like resource. Moreover, as the sense distribution in the training set is pivotal to boosting the performance of WSD systems, we also present two unsupervised and language-independent methods that automatically induce a sense distribution when given a simple corpus of sentences. We show that, when the learned distributions are taken into account for generating the training sets, the performance of supervised methods is further enhanced. Experiments have proven that Train-O-Matic on its own, and also coupled with word sense distribution learning methods, lead a supervised system to achieve state-of-the-art performance consistently across gold standard datasets and languages. Importantly, we show how our sense distribution learning techniques aid Train-O-Matic to scale well over domains, without any extra human effort. To encourage future research, we release all the training sets in 5 different languages and the sense distributions for each domain of SemEval-13 and SemEval-15 at http://trainomatic.org
Simvastatin impairs humoral and cell-mediated immunity in mice by inhibiting lymphocyte homing, T-cell activation and antigen cross-presentation.
No full textStatins block the activity of HMG-CoA reductase, which catalyses the production of mevalonate, an intermediate in cholesterol biosynthesis, which is also a precursor of isoprenoids. In addition to lowering circulating cholesterol, these drugs display anti- inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities in vitro; however, their effects on the development of adaptive immune responses in vivo, as well as the underlying mechan- isms, are as yet largely unknown. Here we investigated the outcome of simvastatin treatment on a number of processes, which together orchestrate adaptive immunity to specific antigen. Simvastatin treatment resulted in a marked reduction of T and B cells in spleen, lymph nodes and peripheral blood in mice. This effect could be ascribed principally to an impairment of lymphocyte homing to secondary lymphoid organs. In addition, simvastatin was found to strongly inhibit T-cell responses to the MHCI restricted hen ovalbumin peptide antigen SIINFEKL and to impair ovalbumin uptake and cross-presen- tation by MHCI. Simvastatin also suppressed antibody responses to immunization with ovalbumin and delayed-type hypersensitivity to allergens. These activities could be largely accounted for by the simvastatin-dependent inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. The data provide novel mechanistic insight into the activities of simvastatin in the highly complex context of the immune response
On linear varieties
No full textAs the main result of this paper it is proved that each nondiscrete linear variety is polynomially equivalent to a variety of vector spaces. © 1984
Zosteriform idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini
No full textIdiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini (IAPP) is a rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by well-defined atrophic plaques with a “cliff-drop” border that show no signs of inflammation, sclerosis, and induration. The trunk is most commonly affected site. It usually affects the body in a bilaterally symmetrical distribution, although asymmetric involvement has also been reported. Very few cases occurring in a zosteriform distribution have been reported. In this article, the author reports a rare case of IAPP in an 18-year-old male where the lesions are distributed in a zosteriform distribution on the trunk
Role of T regulatory cells in transplantation of autoimmune diseases
No full textIt is know that subset of T regulatory (T-reg) lymphocyte plays a role in modulating immune answer. T-reg can be immunophenotipically characterized by co-expression of CD4/CD25high and intracytoplasmatic FOXP3. In medical practice bone marrow transplantation is routinely employed in the treatment of immune diseases refractory to conventional therapy. The therapeutic effect of stem cell transplantation is due to differentiation of T lymphocytes in T-reg cells. After in vitro expansion, infusion of adequate amount of T reg cells might be considered a therapeutic choice in patients with autoimmune disease treated by bone marrow transplantation
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