664 research outputs found
Building a Small and Informative Phylogenetic Supertree
No full textWe combine two fundamental, previously studied optimization problems related to the construction of phylogenetic trees called maximum rooted triplets consistency (MAXRTC) and minimally resolved supertree (MINRS) into a new problem, which we call q-maximum rooted triplets consistency (q-MAXRTC). The input to our new problem is a set R of resolved triplets (rooted, binary phylogenetic trees with three leaves each) and the objective is to find a phylogenetic tree with exactly q internal nodes that contains the largest possible number of triplets from R. We first prove that q-MAXRTC is NP-hard even to approximate within a constant ratio for every fixed q >= 2, and then develop various polynomial-time approximation algorithms for different values of q. Next, we show experimentally that representing a phylogenetic tree by one having much fewer nodes typically does not destroy too much triplet branching information. As an extreme example, we show that allowing only nine internal nodes is still sufficient to capture on average 80% of the rooted triplets from some recently published trees, each having between 760 and 3081 internal nodes. Finally, to demonstrate the algorithmic advantage of using trees with few internal nodes, we propose a new algorithm for computing the rooted triplet distance between two phylogenetic trees over a leaf label set of size n that runs in O(q n) time, where q is the number of internal nodes in the smaller tree, and is therefore faster than the currently best algorithms for the problem (with O(n log n) time complexity [SODA 2013, ESA 2017]) whenever q = o(log n)
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Signal and Image Processing 2012 (ICSIP 2012)
No full textsj-docx-1-jpc-10.1177_21501319231162308 – Supplemental material for Mindfulness Using a Wearable Brain Sensing Device for Health Care Professionals During a Pandemic: A Pilot Program
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jpc-10.1177_21501319231162308 for Mindfulness Using a Wearable Brain Sensing Device for Health Care Professionals During a Pandemic: A Pilot Program by Karthik Ghosh, Sanjeev Nanda, Ryan T. Hurt, Darrell R. Schroeder, Colin P. West, Karen M. Fischer, Brent A. Bauer, Shawn C. Fokken, Ravindra Ganesh, Jennifer L. Hanson, Stephanie A. Lindeen, Sandhya Pruthi and Ivana T. Croghan in Journal of Primary Care & Community Health</p
Comparison of the antigen sensitivity of Gag-specific CD4+ T cell responses in controlled HIV infection and HIV vaccination
No full textSpontaneous control of HIV infection is characterized by a highly efficient cellular immune response. We showed in particular that HIV Controllers from the ANRS CO21 CODEX cohort harbor a population of specific CD4+ T cells that detect the immunodominant CD4 epitope Gag293 with high antigen sensitivity. To determine whether candidate vaccines can induce the high sensitivity responses seen in Controllers, we analyzed Gag293-specific responses in healthy volunteers who received the ADVAX DNA vaccine administered by electroporation. Comparison of Gag293-specific responses in primary CD4+ T cell lines via IFN-γ ELISpot revealed that the median antigen sensitivity in vaccinees was similar to that observed for Controllers (5x10-8 M) but higher than that in treated patients (5x10-7 M). However, antigen sensitivity remained higher in a subset of Controllers compared to vaccinees. TCR repertoire analysis of Gag293-specific CD4+ T cells from vaccinees revealed a preferential amplification of TCRβ family chain TRBV2, which also predominates in Controllers. However, TRAV family gene usage appeared more diverse in vaccinees compared to Controllers. Sequence analysis of the TCR chains amplified in 4 vaccinees revealed a biased TCR repertoire with the presence of public clonotypes (3 TRAV24 and 2 TRBV2) shared with HIV Controllers. In conclusion, DNA vaccination administered by electroporation has the potential to induce Gag-specific CD4+ T cells responses with a high antigen sensitivity and partial TCR repertoire overlap with that of Controllers. Monitoring the amplification of public TCR clonotypes could provide a novel approach to evaluate the quality of HIV vaccine responses
Studies on Processing and Preservation of Value Added Prodcuts from Black Grapes (Vitis Vinefera L).
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Effect of precursors on the synthesis of copper sulfide nanostructures using refluxing method
No full textCorrection: Gut-associated cGMP mediates colitis and dysbiosis in a mouse model of an activating mutation in GUCY2C
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Correction|October 06 2021
Correction: Gut-associated cGMP mediates colitis and dysbiosis in a mouse model of an activating mutation in GUCY2C
Vishwas Mishra, Avipsa Bose, Shashi Kiran, Sanghita Banerjee, Idrees A. Shah, Pooja Chaukimath, Mudasir M. Reshi, Swarna Srinivas, Anaxee Barman, Sandhya S. Visweswariah
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Author and Article Information
Vishwas Mishra
Avipsa Bose
Shashi Kiran
Sanghita Banerjee
Idrees A. Shah
Pooja Chaukimath
Mudasir M. Reshi
Swarna Srinivas
Anaxee Barman
Sandhya S. Visweswariah
Online ISSN: 1540-9538
Print ISSN: 0022-1007
© 2021 Mishra et al.
This article is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution 4.0 International, as described at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
J Exp Med (2021) 218 (11): e2021047909292021c.
https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.2021047909292021c
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Corrected article Gut-associated cGMP mediates colitis and dysbiosis in a mouse model of an activating mutation in GUCY2C
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Vol. 218, No. 11 | 10.1084/jem.20210479 | September 21, 2021
The authors regret that the legends to Fig. 3 (C, D, and I) and Fig. 4 (B, C, and E) did not originally specify that the values shown are adjusted P values. In addition, the colors used in the bar graph in Fig. 4 B were not correct nor defined. The corrected legends, with new text underlined, and corrected Fig. 4 are shown here.
The errors appear only in PDFs downloaded before September 27, 2021
Pneumatically-actuated acoustic metamaterials based on helmholtz resonators
No full textMetamaterials are periodic structures which offer physical properties not found in nature. Particularly, acoustic metamaterials can manipulate sound and elastic waves both spatially and spectrally in unpreceded ways. Acoustic metamaterials can generate arbitrary acoustic bandgaps by scattering sound waves, which is a superior property for insulation properties. In this study, one dimension of the resonators (depth of cavity) was altered by means of a pneumatic actuation system. To this end, metamaterial slabs were additively manufactured and connected to a proportional pressure control unit. The noise reduction performance of active acoustic metamaterials in closed-and open-space configurations was measured in different control conditions. The pneumatic actuation system was used to vary the pressure behind pistons inside each cell of the metamaterial, and as a result to vary the cavity depth of each unit cell. Two pressures were considered, P = 0.05 bar, which led to higher depth of the cavities, and P = 0.15 bar, which resulted in lower depth of cavities. The results showed that by changing the pressure from P = 0.05 (high cavity depth) to P = 0.15 (low cavity depth), the acoustic bandgap can be shifted from a frequency band of 150-350 Hz to a frequency band of 300-600 Hz. The pneumatically-actuated acoustical metamaterial gave a peak attenuation of 20 dB (at 500 Hz) in the closed system and 15 dB (at 500 Hz) in the open system. A step forward would be to tune different unit cells of the metamaterial with different pressure levels (and therefore different cavity depths) in order to target a broader range of frequencies.Novel Aerospace Material
Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Menstrual Health among Adolescent Girls in Selected Schools at Madurai
No full textBACKGROUND : Menstruation is the first significant milestone in the reproductive history of a women’s life. Menstrual health is affected by the economic, social, cultural, and educational environment, in which girls are born, grow to womanhood, marry and repeat the process in starting their own families. In recent times reproductive tract infection have been increasingly recognised as a major health problem affecting women world over. Reproductive tract infection preferentially affect women over men, because women are more likely to be infected, less likely to seek care, are more difficult to diagnose and suffer more severe biological and social consequences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme on knowledge and practice regarding menstrual health among adolescent girls in selected schools at Madurai. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Non equivalent pre test post test control group quasi experimental research design was used. The tool used for data collection was structured questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge and practices regarding menstrual health among adolescent girls who participated in the present study. The sampling technique adopted for the study was simple random sampling technique. The sample size of the study was 60 among which 30 samples were in experimental group and 30 samples were in control group. RESULT : 80% in experimental group had inadequate knowledge in pre test, after video assisted teaching only 4% had inadequate knowledge in post test. There was significant improvement in mean post test knowledge score (12.13) in experimental group which was higher than that of the control group (5.83) (t value = 8.52., p<0.05). Also 66.6% adolescent girls in experimental group had poor practice in pre test, after video assisted teaching 33.3% had good self reported practices and 50% had moderate practices in experimental group. There was an improvement in mean post test practices score of the experimental group (6.6) which was higher than mean post test practice score (3.37) in control group (t value = 7.83., p<0.001). There was a highly significant positive relationship between the post test level of knowledge and the post test level of practice of adolescent girls. The obtained ‘r’ value was 0.54 is significant at 0.05 level. CONCLUSION : The study proved that video assisted teaching programme is an effective teaching strategy in improving the knowledge and practices of adolescent girls related to menstrual health
Effectiveness of oral health education among primary health care workers at the primary health center in Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh
No full textBackground: Primary dental care can be a way of achieving good oral health for the community. This can be achieved by integration of oral health care with the existing primary health care activities through training of primary health care workers on aspects of oral health. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of oral health education among primary health care workers at the primary health center (PHC) in Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh. Materials and Methods: Descriptive longitudinal study was conducted from June 2010 to August 2010 at a PHC. Knowledge about oral health among primary health care workers was pretested using a self-administered questionnaire prepared in local language (Telugu). Later after a month health education was provided to the health workers, and pamphlets with information on oral health were distributed. Posttest assessment was done 1-month after providing health education using the same questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 12.0 software, Student′s t-test was used to compare knowledge scores between pre and posttests. Results: A total of 118 Primary Health Care Workers with the majority in the 20-30 years age group participated in the study. Posttest assessment showed a change in knowledge level with an overall increase in knowledge level of primary health care workers with a mean difference of 12.56 ± 3.23, which was highly significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The knowledge about oral health was poor, and it improved after providing health education to primary health care workers. Change in knowledge was appreciable and may play a key role in oral health promotion of the vast majority of the rural population
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