416 research outputs found
Utricularia lunaris Baleeiro, Gonella, R. W. Jobson 2022, sp. nov.
No full text8. Utricularia lunaris Baleeiro, Gonella, R.W.Jobson, sp. nov. — Fig. 3H–I Type: — BRAZIL. GOIÁS: Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Vale da Lua, external border of Veadeiros National Park on the way to S „ o Jorge village. 905m, 21 March 2012, -14.185944, -47.788917 Baleeiro et al. 127 (Holotype: SPF, Isotype: NSW, UFG). Diagnosis: — U. lunaris presents pale pink to almost white corolla with pale purple and a yellow spot on the lobed swelling lower lip base; it distinguishes itself from others for its circular, or reniform lamina leaves. Illustrations: — Baleeiro et al. (2016), fig.2H; Baleeiro et al. (2019). Description:—Terrestrial. Small perennial herb. Rhizoids 2–5, simple branches, up to 8 mm long. Stolons 3–7, up to 15 mm long. Leaves 1–5 at peduncle base or stolon, lamina circular or reniform, attenuate towards what should be a petiole, 3 × 3.5 mm, traps sub sessile on stolons, ovoid, basal entrance, with two short dorsal appendages and reduced number of trichomes on lower surface of appendages, 1 mm long. Inflorescence simple (50.5–) 70–150 mm long, peduncle glabrous, scales membranous, ovate, apex obtuse or acuminate 0.4–0.8 mm long, bract and bracteoles connate at base, membranous, bract ovate, apex obtuse or acuminate, bracteoles narrowly oblong-ovate, 0.45 mm long. Flower 1, pedicel glabrous 2.4–13 mm long, calyx lobes sub-similar, membranous, concave, glabrous, some papilla or simple trichomes near upper margin, nerves inconspicuous, simple, upper lobe broadly elliptic, apex rounded, margin not hyaline 1.3–2.1 × 0.9–1.5 mm, lower lobe broadly elliptic, margin entire, not hyaline, emarginate, 0.5–1.7 × 0.8–1.5 mm, corolla pale pink to almost white with a yellow spot and pale purple and white on a lobed swelling lower lip base, upper lip papillose with sparse glandular trichomes, ovate, apex round, up to x3> than calyx lobes, 1.6–2.9 × 1.4–2.6 mm, lower lip transversally elliptic, base lobed swelling, apex 3-lobed, 3.1–5.0 × 3.5–7.5 mm, spur ligulate, stipitate papillose 3.5–7.5 mm long. Filaments slightly curved, forming a protuberance in the top, 0.8 mm long, thecae similar, 0.6 mm long. Ovary and Capsule not observed. Distribution and ecology: —Endemic to a small area on a private land called Vale da Lua, c. 4 km from the border of Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, Goiás, Brazil. It grows on sandy substrate in rocky habitats (Fig. 3I) on edges of creeks in an intriguing`moon like` formation within gallery forest vegetation, surrounded by grasslands. Flowers during the whole year. Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the type locality Vale da Lua, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Brazil. Conservation status: —Critically Endangered—CR B2ab(iii). Utricularia lunaris is known from a single location (AOO = 4km 2) in a private area with waterfalls and natural pools that attract thousands of visitors yearly. The species is vulnerable to trampling, invasive species and pollution, potentially reducing the quality of the habitat in the short term. Notes: —Results from both morphometric and molecular phylogenic studies (Baleeiro et al. 2016, 2019) support Utricularia lunaris as a new species, sister to Utricularia damazioi. Utricularia lunaris has a much smaller pale pink corolla, and its leaves are circular or reniform with a long pedicel reminding that of U. tricolor. Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. GOIÁS: Alto Paraiso de Goiás, Vale da Lua, 4 Fev. 1993, Rivadavia 200 (SPF); ibid, 11 Abr. 1995, Rivadavia & Ogassavara 367 (SPF); ibid, 21 Mar. 2012, Baleeiro et al. 127 (SPF).Published as part of Baleeiro, Paulo C., Gonella, Paulo M., Sano, Paulo T. & Jobson, Richard W., 2022, Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae), pp. 29-54 in Phytotaxa 576 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/744086
Utricularia chapadensis Baleeiro, Gonella, R. W. Jobson 2022, sp. nov.
No full text4. Utricularia chapadensis Baleeiro, Gonella, R.W.Jobson, sp. nov. — Fig. 4L–M Type:— BRAZIL: Mato Grosso. Municipality of Chapada dos Guimar„es, outside the limit of Chapada dos Guimaraes National Park, beside the track to Cave Aroe Jari, soaked rocky soil. -15.611278, -55.49475 766 m alt, 28 April 2013, Baleeiro & Cardoso 320 (Holotype: SPF!; Isotype: NSW!, UFMT!). Diagnosis:— U. chapadensis is morphologically distinct for its bright yellow corolla with rounded gibba and long curved spur at least 2x longer than the lower lip. Illustrations: —fig. 2K (Baleeiro et al. 2016). Description:—Terrestrial. Small to medium sized annual herb. Rhizoids not observed. Stolons leaf like up to 20 mm long. Leaves dimorphic, at peduncle base, spathulate, 2–4(–6) mm long, multinerved, some nerves converging the base, or linear 1–3, single nerve up to 10 mm long.; traps dimorphic, both types globose, larger up to 2 mm long, smaller c. 0.5 mm long. Inflorescence simple, lax, (5–)70–100(–250) mm long, peduncle glabrous; scales chartaceous, rhombic, deltoid or ovate-elliptic, entire rounded apex 0.35–0.4(–0.6) mm long; bract and bracteoles connate above the middle, up to 1 mm long. Flowers not racemose, 1(–3); calyx lobes unequal, chartaceous, glabrous, inconspicuous nerves simple, upper lobe broadly ovate, culpulate, apex rounded, margin not hyaline, 1.9–3.0 x 1.6–2.4 mm wide; lower lobe shorter, broadly elliptic, not hyaline, apex emarginate, 1.1–2.2 × 1.2–2.3 mm; corolla bright yellow, 14–25 mm long, upper lip with sparse glandular trichomes on adaxial surface, ovate or ovate deltoid, apex rounded, 2x> than calyx lobes, 2.9–4.9 × 2.3–4.8 mm, lower lip transversally elliptic, base gibbous, apex 3-lobed, 4.4–7.0 × 4.7–8.4 mm, spur conical usually curved backwards, 8.5–12.7 mm long 2–3x longer than the lower lip; filaments curved, 0.8–1 mm long, theca similar. Ovary globose. Capsule globose 3 mm long; stigma lip not covered by calyx lobe. Seeds obliquely ovoid c. 0.35 mm long. Distribution and ecology: —This species occurs in the southwest of Goias and southeast Mato Grosso, Central– West Brazil. Flowering from March to June, fruiting from May to June. Etymology: —The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Chapada dos Guimar„es National Park. Conservation status: —Endangered—EN B2ab(i, ii, iii). Utricularia chapadensis presents a relatively broad range (EOO = 78,500 km 2), but is known from few locations (AOO = 28 km 2) in populations that are severely fragmented in a region that suffers from intense habitat destruction, intensification of anthropogenic fires, eutrophication of wetlands, and invasive species. Therefore, we recommend that the species be assessed as Endangered, following IUCN (2012) categories and criteria. While U. chapadensis. Notes: —While Utricularia chapadensis (Fig. 4L,M) most closely resembles U. pantaneira, due to the yellow corolla, the molecular phylogeny of Baleeiro et al. (2019) places it as sister to U. lindmanii from Tocantins. U. pantaneira differs from U. chapadensis by having a round gibba, short lower lobes and a spur at least 2x longer than the flower lip. The habitat is also distinct from that U. chapadensis, found in in small patches on rocky outcrops of sandy-soaked soils. Besides that, U. chapadensis can be easily confused with members of U. sect. Setiscapella as seen in Coelho et al. (2017) identified as U. pusilla Vahl (1804: 202). The easiest way to distinguish both sections is by the basifix bract with two bracteoles connected in the base in U. sect. Foliosa, opposed to the peltate and lacks bracteoles in U. sect. Setiscapella. Additional specimens Examined: — BRAZIL. GOIÁS: Jataí, entrando a direita no km 268 da BR158 para Estância, seguindo 3km por estrada de terra até morro com encosta brejosa a direita, 2 Mai. 1999, Rivadavia & Sato 1025 (SPF). Portelândia, Alto da Pedra Aparada, alguns km ao norte da cidade pela estrada para Ponte Branca, 5 Mai. 1999, Rivadavia & Sato 1078 (SPF); ibid, 25 Jun. 2013, Baleeiro & Carneiro 350 (SPF). MATO GROSSO: Chapada dos Guimarães; córrego próximo a caverna Aroe Jari (estrada velha), solo encharcado, 5˚36’33.8’’, 55˚29’03.7’’, 28 Abr. 2013, Baleeiro & Cardoso 317 (SPF). Chapada dos Guimar „es, ao lado da trilha para a caverna Aroe Jari (trilha nova), limite com o Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimar „es, 28 Abr. 2013, Baleeiro & Cardoso 320 (SPF). Jaciara, Fazenda Usina, 21 Mai. 2009, Ramos 3 (UFMT).Published as part of Baleeiro, Paulo C., Gonella, Paulo M., Sano, Paulo T. & Jobson, Richard W., 2022, Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae), pp. 29-54 in Phytotaxa 576 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/744086
FIGURE 4. A–D. U. hirtella s.l., E–G. U. velascoensis, H. U. tridentata, I. U. tricolor, J. U. biceps, K. U. bicolor, L. U. chapadensis, M–N. U. pantaneira, O. U. trinervia. Images C. Rivadavia, D. Rohrbacher, E–G in Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae)
No full textFIGURE 4. A–D. U. hirtella s.l., E–G. U. velascoensis, H. U. tridentata, I. U. tricolor, J. U. biceps, K. U. bicolor, L. U. chapadensis, M–N. U. pantaneira, O. U. trinervia. Images C. Rivadavia, D. Rohrbacher, E–G. by Marcos Cardoso, J., K. Gonella.Published as part of Baleeiro, Paulo C., Gonella, Paulo M., Sano, Paulo T. & Jobson, Richard W., 2022, Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae), pp. 29-54 in Phytotaxa 576 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/744086
FIGURE 2. Utricularia amethystina. A in Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae)
No full textFIGURE 2. Utricularia amethystina. A. Habit showing leaves, stolons, bladder traps and rhizoids, B. Inflorescence, C. Calyx frontal view, D. Corolla frontal view, E. Corolla rear view, F. Bract and bracteoles, G. Bladder trap, H. Capsule, I. Stamens, J. Stamens and ovary showing dorsal stigma surface, K. Seeds.Published as part of Baleeiro, Paulo C., Gonella, Paulo M., Sano, Paulo T. & Jobson, Richard W., 2022, Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae), pp. 29-54 in Phytotaxa 576 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/744086
Investigating Tumour Treating Field Stimulation Using Custom Built Electronics
No full textData set associated with the following manuscript - Investigating Tumour Treating Field Stimulation Using Custom Built Electronics
FIGURE 3. A. U. amethystina s.str. Type locality Marau peninsula Bahia, B. U. amethystina s.str. Virua National Park, C. U. amethystina s in Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae)
No full textFIGURE 3. A. U. amethystina s.str. Type locality Marau peninsula Bahia, B. U. amethystina s.str. Virua National Park, C. U. amethystina s.str. white-flowered specimen, D. U. roraimensis, E. U. amethystina s.str. pink morphotype, F. U. amethystina Type locality, G. U. lindmanii, H–I. U. lunaris, J–N. U. damazioi. J. from Chapada Diamantina, K., M., N. from Chapada dos Veadeiros, L. from Diamantina Plateau.Published as part of Baleeiro, Paulo C., Gonella, Paulo M., Sano, Paulo T. & Jobson, Richard W., 2022, Unveiling Utricularia amethystina's true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae), pp. 29-54 in Phytotaxa 576 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.576.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/744086
Genetic Engineering of T Cells as a Delivery Vehicle for Protein Replacement Therapy
No full textIn recent clinical trials, gene therapy has had remarkable success in achieving long-term production of therapeutic proteins for the treatment of various genetic disorders, including hemophilia. However, pre-existing immunity to some formulations of gene delivery and the potential for oncogenesis may limit widespread adoption of current and emerging approaches. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy has shown that human T cells can be isolated from peripheral blood, modified to express a transgene encoding a CAR targeted to a specific cell surface protein, and then transferred back to patients where they can safely eliminate tumor cells bearing the targeted protein and can persist for long periods of time. Based on the success of CAR T cells, we reasoned that genetically-modified T cells might also serve as a cellular vehicle for protein replacement. Here, we show that T cells can be modified with a lentivirus to secrete functional Factor IX, Factor VIII, and α-galactosidase in vitro. In immune-deficient mice, we also demonstrate that adoptive transfer of Factor IX-secreting human T cells mediates significant levels of Factor IX in vivo (20-40% of normal in NSG mice and 3-8% of normal in NSG-B2m mice) for an extended period. Transfer of Factor IX-secreting mouse T cells to C57BL/6 mice resulted in transient levels of circulating FIX protein that peaked at 2-20% of normal. Additionally, we generated CRISPR-Cas9 guide RNA and a homologous recombination repair template for integration of a Factor IX transgene into the CCR5 locus of human T cells, which can further serve to increase the safety profile of T cell gene therapy. Overall, these studies suggest that T cells can serve as a vehicle for gene therapy
High Agreement between Laboratory and Field Estimates of Critical Power in Cycling.
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the level of agreement between laboratory-based estimates of critical power (CP) and results taken from a novel field test. Subjects were fourteen trained cyclists (age 40±7 yrs; body mass 70.2±6.5 kg; V?O2max 3.8±0.5 L · min-1). Laboratory-based CP was estimated from 3 constant work-rate tests at 80%, 100% and 105% of maximal aerobic power (MAP). Field-based CP was estimated from 3 all-out tests performed on an outdoor velodrome over fixed durations of 3, 7 and 12 min. Using the linear work limit (Wlim) vs. time limit (Tlim) relation for the estimation of CP1 values and the inverse time (1/t) vs. power (P) models for the estimation of CP2 values, field-based CP1 and CP2 values did not significantly differ from laboratory-based values (234±24.4 W vs. 234±25.5 W (CP1); P<0.001; limits of agreement [LOA], -10.98-10.8 W and 236±29.1 W vs. 235±24.1 W (CP2); P<0.001; [LOA], -13.88-17.3 W. Mean prediction errors for laboratory and field estimates were 2.2% (CP) and 27% (W'). Data suggest that employing all-out field tests lasting 3, 7 and 12 min has potential utility in the estimation of CP
Determining optimal cadence for an individual road cyclist from field data
No full textThe cadence that maximises power output developed at the crank by an individual cyclist is conventionally determined using a laboratory test. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (i) to show that such a cadence, which we call the optimal cadence, can be determined using power output, heart-rate, and cadence measured in the field and (ii) to describe methodology to do so. For an individual cyclist's sessions, power output is related to cadence and the elicited heart-rate using a non-linear regression model. Optimal cadences are found for two riders (83 and 70 revolutions per minute, respectively); these cadences are similar to the riders’ preferred cadences (82–92?rpm and 65–75?rpm). Power output reduces by approximately 6% for cadences 20?rpm above or below optimum. Our methodology can be used by a rider to determine an optimal cadence without laboratory testing intervention: the rider will need to collect power output, heart-rate, and cadence measurements from training and racing sessions over an extended period (>6 months); ride at a range of cadences within those sessions; and calculate his/her optimal cadence using the methodology described or a software tool that implements it
Comparison of inter-trial recovery times for the determination of critical power and W' in cycling
No full textCritical Power (CP) and W' are often determined using multi-day testing protocols. To investigate this cumbersome testing method, the purpose of this study was to compare the differences between the conventional use of a 24 h inter-trial recovery time with those of 3 h and 30 min for the determination of CP and W'. Methods: Nine moderately trained cyclists performed an incremental test to exhaustion to establish the power output associated with the maximum oxygen uptake (p max), and three protocols requiring time-to-exhaustion trials at a constant work-rate performed at 80%, 100% and 105% of p max. Design: Protocol A utilised 24 h inter-trial recovery (CP24/W'24), protocol B utilised 3 h inter-trial recovery (CP3/W'3), and protocol C used 30 min inter-trial recovery period (CP0.5/W'0.5). CP and W were calculated using the inverse time (1/t) versus power (P) relation (P = W'(1/t) + CP). Results: 95% Limits of Agreement between protocol A and B were -9 to 15 W; -7.4 to 7.8 kJ (CP/W') and between protocol A and protocol C they were -27 to 22 W; -7.2 to 15.1 kJ (CP/W'). Compared to criterion protocol A, the average prediction error of protocol B was 2.5% (CP) and 25.6% (W'), whilst for protocol C it was 3.7% (CP) and 32.9% (W'). Conclusion: 3 h and 30 min inter-trial recovery time protocols provide valid methods of determining CP but not W' in cycling
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