7,742 research outputs found
Outcomes for adults with anorexia nervosa who do not respond early to outpatient treatment
No full textObjective: To better understand those patients with anorexia nervosa who do not show early response to treatment and are likely to have poorer outcome. Method: From an existing data set of 187 patients with anorexia nervosa across 22 eating disorder outpatient services in the United Kingdom, participants who had started treatment and had at least one body mass index (BMI) observation in the first 6 weeks of treatment were eligible for these secondary analyses (N = 65), a latent class analysis of BMI change over the first 6 weeks of treatment. Fifty-six patients showed no early change in BMI. We used logistic regression to examine predictors of good outcome in the 40 participants who had 12-month follow-up data. Predictors included global EDE-Q, negative affect (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales) and functional impairment (Work and Social Adjustment Scale). Results: Good outcome was achieved by 23% of patients and remission by 15%. Good outcome was predicted by less functional impairment at baseline. Discussion: Further work that can identify sub-groups of patients with anorexia nervosa who do not achieve good outcome after treatment will inform the development of targeted engagement approaches
Social and urban study of Carlton : programme
No full textProject No. 3 :Urban Studies Investigation Programme1. Analysis of survey and census material / by R. Billard -- 2. Analysis of survey and census material / by C. Hardwick -- 3. Census data: Drummond and Palmerston Streets / [Author unknown] -- 4. Census data, 1966 / [Author unknown] -- 5. Carlton urban study / G. Marshall -- 6. Carlton: population characteristics /J. Wade
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No full textColor print view of a United States Nitrate Plant located in Florence, AL. Large industrial equipment housed in enclosed structure. Several men standing on floor observing the equipment. Open area under equipment as it digs into the earth below the floor of structure. Divided back postcard.Printed on front: 'Scene From Charging Floor U.S.N.P. No. 2, Florence, Ala. 'Printed on back: 'Scene From Charging Floor U.S.N.P. No.2, Florence, Ala. Showing one of 12 carbide furnaces, each furnace produces 50 tons of crude carbide per day and consumes 6, 000 kilowatts, Muscle Shoals, Florence, Ala. Photo By G. W. Landrum, Florence, Ala. A-98583, C. T. American Art, C. T. Co. Chicago.
Planktic foraminiferal response to the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO, ca 53-49Ma): biostratigraphy and quantitative abundances from Hole 762C (Exmouth Plateau, Indian Ocean)
No full textThe EECO (ca 53-49 Ma) is a crucial interval of time to explore the marine biota response to past global warming as it records the Earth temperatures and pCO2 peak of the entire Cenozoic Era. The unicellular planktic foraminifera are a major group of open-marine calcifiers to investigate in this view as a group extremely sensitive to paleoenvironmental changes and largely utilized in biostratigraphy. Recent studies highlight that the EECO significantly impacted the abundance and diversity of the symbiont-bearing genus Morozovella. This genus, close to the carbon isotope excursion (CIE) known as J event, markedly and permanently decreased in abundance and diversity in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans whereas abundance and diversity of genus Acarinina concomitantly increased. In addition, Morozovella species switched their coiling direction (the ability to add chambers in clock or counter clock-wise) from dominantly dextral to dominantly sinistral within 200-400 kyrs after the CIE K/X event, whereas Acarinina maintains both below and within the EECO rather proportional dextral and sinistral coiling direction. The detailed record from Atlantic and Pacific Oceans also underlines diachroneities among planktic foraminiferal biohorizons. We decided to explore planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy, quantitative abundance and coiling direction from Site 762 C (Exmouth Plateau). This site, though affected by some core breaks, records several CIEs below and within the EECO. The study of this site is essential to outline a global perspective of planktic foraminiferal response to the EECO due to its far southern high latitude location of northwest margin of Australia. Our dataset provides new biostratigraphic data suitable for a required Eocene zonal scheme revision and new insights on the resilience of planktic foraminifera from southern Indian Ocean, essential for a more comprehensive understanding of past global warming events in light of the current climate changes
Insights into the molecular pathogenesis of cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome: MAP3K7 c.737-7A>G variant alters the TGFβ-mediated α-SMA cytoskeleton assembly and autophagy
No full textTransforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a highly conserved kinase protein encoded by MAP3K7, and activated by multiple extracellular stimuli, growth factors and cytokines. Heterozygous variants in MAP3K7 cause the cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome (CSCFS) which is characterized by short stature, dysmorphic facial features, cardiac septal defects with valve dysplasia, and skeletal anomalies. CSCFS has been described in seven patients to date and its molecular pathogenesis is only partially understood. Here, the functional effects of the MAP3K7 c.737-7A > G variant, previously identified in a girl with CSCFS and additional soft connective tissue features, were explored. This splice variant generates an in-frame insertion of 2 amino acid residues in the kinase domain of TAK1. Computational analysis revealed that this in-frame insertion alters protein dynamics in the kinase activation loop responsible for TAK1 autophosphorylation after binding with its interactor TAB1. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrate that the ectopic expression of TAK1-mutated protein impairs its ability to physically bind TAB1. In patient's fibroblasts, MAP3K7 c.737-7A > G variant results in reduced TAK1 autophosphorylation and dysregulation of the downstream TAK1-dependent signaling pathway. TAK1 loss-of-function is associated with an impaired TGFβ-mediated α-SMA cytoskeleton assembly and cell migration, and defective autophagy process. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of CSCFS and might offer the rationale for the design of novel therapeutic targets
The Center of Pressure Data from "The Rim and Ancient Mariner: The Nautical Horizon Affects Postural Sway in Older Adults"
No full textThis csv file contains the raw center of pressure data measured in centimeter (cm). They were collected on an AMTI force plate across two days from 18 participants. Participant 1-11 participated on day 1. Participant 12-18 participated on day 2. Participant 17 discontinued mid study and the data was excluded from analysis. Each column is a time series evenly distributed across the duration of a trial (60 seconds). Each participant took part in 6 trials: 3 trials for the far condition and 3 trials for the near condition. Each trial yielded two columns of data for a participant. One column of data recorded the movement in the mediolateral (ML) axis, and the other column recorded the movement in the anterior-posterior axis (AP). The AP and ML axes act as coordinates for the x-y location of the center of pressure on the force plate. The columns in the csv file are ordered as thus: The first three columns are about P1 (Participant 1) for the ML axis in the far condition. The next three columns are about P2 for the ML axis in the far condition. The same pattern goes on until we reached Participant 18. Then the sequence repeats for the AP axis in the far condition, then for the ML axis in the near condition, and finally for the AP axis in the near condition.This dataset contains the raw center of pressure data collected on the Enrichment Voyage (www.semesteratsea.org) on an AMTI (Advanced Mechanical Technology, Inc.) force plate. The data was collected across two days from 18 participants. There were two conditions (the near condition and the far condition) split evenly across six trials in a randomized order. In the trials of the near condition, participants stood on the force plate with their hands comfortably on their sides with their shoes on. They maintained their gaze on a tripod located 50 cm from their heel for the duration of the trial. In the trials of the far condition, everything remains the same, except that the tripod was removed, and participants were instructed to look at the horizon. Trials were 60 seconds long.Munafo, Justin G; Wade, Michael G; Stoffregen, Thomas A; Stergiou, Nicholas. (2016). The Center of Pressure Data from "The Rim and Ancient Mariner: The Nautical Horizon Affects Postural Sway in Older Adults". Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, http://doi.org/10.13020/D6MG63
Does shared genetic risk contribute to the co-occurrence of eating disorders and suicidality?
No full textPublished online: 6 May 2015Abstract not availableTracey D. Wade, A. Kate Fairweather-Schmidt, Gu Zhu, Nicholas G. Marti
Informing landscape planning and design for sustaining ecosystem services from existing spatial patterns and knowledge
No full textOver the last decade we have seen an increased emphasis in environmental management and policies aimed at maintaining and restoring multiple ecosystem services at landscape scales. This emphasis has resulted from the recognition that management of specific environmental targets and ecosystem services requires an understanding of landscape processes and the spatial scales that maintain those targets and services. Moreover, we have become increasingly aware of the influence of broad-scale drivers such as climate change on landscape processes and the ecosystem services they support. Studies and assessments on the relative success of environmental policies and landscape designs in maintaining landscape processes and ecosystem services is mostly lacking. This likely reflects the relatively high cost of maintaining a commitment to implement and maintain monitoring programs that document responses of landscape processes and ecosystem services to different landscape policies and designs. However, we argue that there is considerable variation in natural and human-caused landscape pattern at local to continental scales and that this variation may facilitate analyses of how environmental targets and ecosystem services have responded to such patterns. Moreover, wall-to-wall spatial data on land cover and land use at national scales may permit characterization and mapping of different landscape pattern gradients. We discuss four broad and interrelated focus areas that should enhance our understanding of how landscape pattern influences ecosystem services: (1) characterizing and mapping landscape pattern gradients; (2) quantifying relationships between landscape patterns and environmental targets and ecosystem services, (3) evaluating landscape patterns with regards to multiple ecosystem services, and (4) applying adaptive management concepts to improve the effectiveness of specific landscape designs in sustaining ecosystem services. We discuss opportunities as well as challenges in each of these four areas. We believe that this agenda could lead to spatially explicit solutions in managing a range of environmental targets and ecosystem services. Spatially explicit options are critical in managing and protecting landscapes, especially given that communities and organizations are often limited in their capacity to make changes at landscape scales. The issues and potential solutions discussed in this paper expand upon the call by Nassauer and Opdam (Landscape Ecol 23:633-644, 2008) to include design as a fundamental element in landscape ecology research by evaluating natural and human-caused (planned or designed) landscape patterns and their influence on ecosystem services. It also expands upon the idea of "learning by doing" to include "learning from what has already been done
Collisions of Silylium Cations with Hydroxyl-Terminated and other Self-Assembled Monolayer Surfaces: Reactions, Dissociation and Surface Characterization
No full textSilylium cations, SiCl3+ and Si(CH3)(3)(+), undergo dissociative ion/surface reactions in the course of low-energy (20-90 eV) collisions with hydroxyl-terminated (HO-SAM), hydrocarbon (H-SAM), and fluorocarbon (F-SAM) self-assembled monolayer surfaces. Formation of the substitution product, SiCl2F+, upon collision of SiCl3+ With the F-SAM surface is the result of a transhalogenation reaction. In an analogous fashion, one observes substitution of a chlorine in the SiCl3+ projectile ion by either an OH group from the HO-SAM surface or a CH3 group from the H-SAM surface to form the scattered reaction products, SiCl2OH+ and SiCl2CH3+, respectively. The concomitant transfer of a Cl atom from the projectile ion into the surface is indicated by the sputtered ion, CH2Cl+. The scattered product SiCl(OH)(2)(+) involves disubstitution, and reaction with more than one chain at the surface. These and related reactions involve the activation of C-O, C-F, C-C, C-H, and O-H bonds at the appropriate surface, and they occur after, or in concert with, surface-induced dissociation of the polyatomic projectile. Surface effects on the dissociation of projectile ions are studied using the Si(C2H5)(4)(.+) ion, and threshold values for translational to internal energy (T double right arrow V) conversion for this ion are measured as 13%, 13%, and 20% for the H-SAM, MO-SAM, and F-SAM surfaces, respectively. At higher collision energies, (>40 eV), the MO-SAM surface demonstrated greater internal energy conversion efficiency than the H-SAM surface. The process of neutralization and the accompanying release of chemically sputtered ions also served to distinguish the three surfaces. Decreased neutralization at the F-SAM surface is associated with increased amounts of dissociatively and reactively scattered product ions. Thermodynamic estimates regarding charge exchange between the surface and the projectile ion are consistent with the relative amounts of chemically sputtered products observed for each of the surfaces
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