24,478 research outputs found
Smilax austrosinensis F. T. Wang & Tang 1934
No full textSmilax austrosinensis F.T. Wang & Tang (1934: 423). Type:— CHINA. Chongqing [Szechuan]: Nanchuan, Mt. Jinfo [Chinfu Shan], elev. ca. 1800 m, 27 May 1928, W. P. Fang 1099 (holotype PE00035146; isotypes A00030078, PE00034188). A paratype in CQNM: CHINA. Sichuan: Mt. Emei, elev. ca. 1700 m, 7 July 1931, F. T . Wang 23243 (CQNM0006992, PE00432616). = Smilax lanceifolia var. elongata (Warb. in Diels 1900: 259) F.T.Wang & Tang in Wang et al. (1978: 220). Note:— Wang & Tang (1934) designated W. P. Fang 1099 as the type in the protologue without specifying the herbarium. For the above traced three duplicates of this gathering, only PE00035146 bears the handwriting annotation “ Smilax austrosinensis Wang et Tang, sp. nov. ” determined by Wang & Tang in May 1934. It is inferred that it is the only specimen Wang & Tang (1934) based when preparing the description of this name and it is the holotype, which is contrary to Lin & Yang (2015a), who considered that PE00034188 is the holotype. Though it contains more complete morphological characters, PE00034188 has handwriting of different style for the annotation “ Smilax austrosinensis Wang et Tang ” and determined in October 1934 on a label printed as “EMENDANDA”, which means a letter handwriting annotation and this specimen should be an isotype.Published as part of Chen, Feng & He, Hai, 2022, The historical relics in Chongqing Natural History Museum: An annotated checklist of original materials for 37 names of Chinese seed plants, pp. 38-52 in Phytotaxa 530 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/582393
FIGURE 1. Carex longicolla Tang & F. T in Carex longicolla (Cyperaceae), a new sedge from China
No full textFIGURE 1. Carex longicolla Tang & F. T. Wang ex Y. F. Deng, sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence. C. Staminate glume. D. Pistillate glume. E. Perigynium. F. Nutlet. Drawn by Liu Yunxiao based on Liang Baohan 84236.Published as part of Deng, Yunfei, 2014, Carex longicolla (Cyperaceae), a new sedge from China, pp. 181-188 in Phytotaxa 178 (3) on page 183, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.178.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/514542
The Intelligent Vehicle on An Automated Highway System: ADVANCE-F
No full textIntelligent Vehicles' 93, IEEE, Tokyo, Jul.14-16, 1993An automated highway system named ADVANCE-F ( Advanced Drive Vehicle / Automatic Navigation and Control Enroute System-Freeway ) is being developed and tested by the author. Up to present, this system works successfully in testing. This paper presents the frame of the prototype vehicle and its implemental orientations
Autopilot Vehicle System and Implementation Status of ADVANCE-F
No full text1995 REAAA ( Road Engineering Association of Asia-Australia) Conference, Taipei, Apr. 17-22, 1995.The current version and status of ADVANCE-F, an automated highway system being developed in Taiwan, is revealed in this paper. The author points out that the age of road vehicle automation is coming. Meanwhile, some issues corresponding to highway and traffic are mentioned. Finally a suggestion to all related firms, officers, and researchers having to pa
Cycloneuroterus globosus Melika & Tang, new species
No full textCycloneuroterus globosus Melika & Tang, new species Figs 71–84 Type material. HOLOTYPE female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 74), AGWP-Morpho 18, ex small pimple gall of buds, adult em. 22.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse. Ten female and 7 male PARATYPES: 2 males and 3 females with the same labels as the holotype; 1 female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 74), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 23.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 74), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 24.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 4 males and 4 females: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 73), AGWP-Morpho 18, ex small pimple gall of stem, adult em. 22.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 male: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 73), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 24.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 female: TAIWAN: Nantou Co., Huisun Forest Station, Renai Township, ex Cyclobalanopsis globosa, 21.III. 2011 (TAI 73), 24.087567 ºN, 121.035467 ºE, 853m, ex small pimple gall of bud (AGWP-Morpho 18), adult em. 23.III. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse. The female holotype, 2 female and 2 male paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 3 female and 2 male paratypes in PHMB, 1 female and 1 male paratypes in USNM, and 3 female and 2 male paratypes in NCHU. Etymology. This species is named after the host plant, Quercus globosa. Diagnosis. See the diagnosis to C. ergei. Description. SEXUAL FEMALE. Head dark brown to black; mandibles, labial and maxillary palps yellowish; scape and pedicel light brown, flagellomeres progressively darker until last one; mesosoma and metasoma black to dark brown except lighter tegulae; legs yellow, proximal end of coxae darker. Head 2.04 × as broad as long in dorsal view, 1.3 × as long as broad in frontal view, slightly narrower than mesosoma. Gena delicately alutaceous, not broadened behind eye, 0.43 × as broad as cross diameter eye. Malar space alutaceous, with some striae reach eye; 0.3 × as high as height of eye. Eyes converging ventrally. POL 0.97 × as long as OOL; OOL 3.0× as long as length of lateral ocellus, 2.3 × as long as LOL; all ocelli ovate, elongated, similar size. Transfacial distance 1.4 × as long as height of eye; diameter of torulus 1.3 × as long as distance between toruli; distance between torulus and eye 1.5 × as long as diameter of torulus. Lower face alutaceous, with sparse setae; median elevated area narrow, coriaceous. Clypeus elevated above lower face, quadrangular, flat, alutaceous, emarginate, without median incision ventrally. Anterior tentorial pit small, distinct; epistomal sulcus and clypeopleurostomal line distinct, deep. Frons and interocellar area delicately alutaceous, interocellar area with few white setae. Vertex and occiput delicately coriaceous. Postocciput and postgena smooth, without setae. Posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep, area below not impressed. Postgenal bridge higher than height of occipital foramen, shorter than oral foramen. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, shorter than body length; pedicel subglobose, 1.1 × as long as broad. F 1 nearly equal to F 2, 1.7 × as long as pedicel; F 2 –F 11 progressively shorter; F 12 1.2 × as long as F 11; placoid sensillae on F 1 –F 12. Mesosoma longer than high in lateral view. Pronotum smooth, glabrous, short dorsally, without parallel striae laterally; strongly impressed along anterior rim; propleuron alutaceous, glabrous, smooth centrally, with few setae. Mesoscutum smooth, glabrous, with few white setae; 1.3 × as broad as long. Notaulus, anterior parallel, parapsidal and median mesoscutal lines absent; parascutal carina broad, extending to the point where notaulus reaches pronotum. Mesoscutellum ovate, smooth, glabrous, with few setae; about as broad as long, broadest in the middle; foveolate along lateral and posterior margins, slightly overhanging metanotum. Scutellar foveae absent, only semilunar transverse depression present anteriorly, with smooth and glabrous bottom. Mesopleuron and speculum smooth, glabrous, without setae, impressed along acetabular carina, with few transverse striae in lower half. Mesopleural triangle alutaceous, glabrous, without setae. Dorsoaxillar area smooth, with few white setae; lateroaxillar area alutaceous, without setae. Subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous. Metapleural sulcus reaches posterior margin of mesopectus in upper 1 / 3 of its height. Metascutellum smooth; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous. Ventral impressed area smooth, without striae, 1.4 × as high as height of metascutellum. Lateral propodeal area without rugae, with few setae; central propodeal area broad, smooth, glabrous; lateral propodeal carina distinct, strongly curved outwards in the middle. Nucha with longitudinal rugae. Radial cell of fore wing 4.7 × as long as broad. Rs+M distinct, reaches basalis in lower half of its height. Areolet small, triangular, distinct. Wing margin with long cilia. Rs and R 1 reach wing margin. Metasoma slightly shorter than length of head + mesosoma, longer than high in lateral view; second metasomal tergite occupying 1 / 3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, without white setae laterally; all subsequent tergites without setae, smooth, glabrous. Ventral spine of hypopygium short, prominent part of ventral spine nearly as long as broad in ventral view, with sparse white setae, not extending beyond apex of spine. Body length 1.4–1.5 mm (n = 3). MALE. Similar to female but eye larger than in female, antenna with 13 flagellomeres, nearly equal to body length; F 1 curved and swollen apically, F 2 nearly equal to F 1; F 2 –F 13 progressively shorter; placoid sensillae on all flagellomeres. Body length 1.3–1.4 mm (n= 3). Gall (Figs 82–84). Galls are monolocular, red pimples on midribs or lateral veins of young leaves; on occasion the galls can also develop on male catkins. In some cases the gall development disrupts the sprouting of leaves and the galls form a tuft on a bud. The gall is 1.0– 1.7 mm in width and 1.6–3.3 mm in length. Biology. Only the sexual generation is known which induces galls on Q. globosa. The gall development coincides with sprouting from mid- to late-March. Adults emerged under laboratory conditions immediately after the galls had been collected in the field and transferred to the laboratory. Distribution. Currently known only from Taiwan: Renai Township, Nantou County, and Heping District, Taichung City. The host-plant Q. globosa is endemic to Taiwan, thus C. globosus might be also endemic to Taiwan.Published as part of Tang, Chang-Ti, Sinclair, Frazer, Hearn, Jack, Yang, Man-Miao, Stone, Graham N., Nicholls, James A., Schwéger, Szabina & Melika, George, 2016, Eight new species of Cycloneuroterus Melika & Tang gallwasps from Taiwan and mainland China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), pp. 451-488 in Zootaxa 4088 (4) on pages 470-473, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4088.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25966
Micropera obtusa Tang & F. T. Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin.
No full textMicropera obtusa (Lindl.) Tang & F.T.Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 94, 1951 Basionym: Camarotis obtusa Lindl., Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 30 (Misc.): 73, 1844. Homotypic synonym: Sarcochilus obtusus (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 36, 1890, nom. illeg. Specimens examined:— KACHIN. Putao District: 22 Mar 2009, Kurzweil & Saw Lwin KL 2687 (SING). MON. Mawlamyine District: Griffith s.n. (K); same loc., 1863, Parish 148 (K, icon. K). Also reported from Tanintharyi Region by Kress et al. (2003: 83), but we have not seen material from this area. Distribution:— The central Himalayas, northeastern India, Myanmar and Thailand.Published as part of Ormerod, Paul, Kurzweil, Hubert & Watthana, Santi, 2021, Annotated List of Orchidaceae for Myanmar, pp. 1-262 in Phytotaxa 481 (1) on page 165, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.481.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/541759
Cyclocynips tumorvirgae Melika &Tang, new species
No full textCyclocynips tumorvirgae Melika &Tang, new species Figs 11–23 Type material. HOLOTYPE female: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, ex Quercus glauca, 25.III. 2011 (field code TAI 119), 24.967203 ºN, 121.619744 ºE, 678m, ex small stem swelling (field code TWTs 7), adult em. 5.IV. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse. PARATYPES: 27 females: 10 female paratypes with the same label data as the holotype; 5 female paratypes: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, ex Quercus glauca, 25.III. 2011 (TAI 119), 24.967203 ºN, 121.619744 ºE, 678m, ex small stem swelling (TWTs 7), adult em. 2.IV. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 1 female paratype: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, ex Quercus glauca, 25.III. 2011 (TAI 119), 24.967203 ºN, 121.619744 ºE, 678m, ex small stem swelling (TWTs 7), adult em. 10.IV. 2011, leg. C. T. Tang, F. Sinclair, J. Hearn, K. Lohse; 6 female paratypes: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, 24 º 58 ’ 2.22 ” N, 121 º 37 ’ 10.97 ” E, 678 m, ex stem welling galls on Quercus glauca (TWTs 7), gall collected 22.III. 2012 (TWT 611), adult emerged 28.III. 2012, leg. C. T. Tang; 5 female paratypes: TAIWAN, New Taipei City, Mt. Erge, Shihding District, 24 º 58 ’ 2.22 ” N, 121 º 37 ’ 10.97 ” E, 678 m, ex stem welling galls on Quercus glauca (TWTs 7), gall collected 22.III. 2012 (TWT 611), adult emerged 29.III. 2012, leg. C. T. Tang. The female holotype, 9 female paratypes are deposited in NMNS, 7 female paratypes in BPDL, 3 female paratypes in USNM, 8 female paratypes in NCHU. Etomology. The species name, “ tumorvirgae ”, in Latin means “tumor (swelling) on twig”. Diagnosis. In C. tumorvirgae: POL 1.2 x longer than OOL; OOL 1.6 x and 2.0x longer than length of lateral ocellus and LOL; genae smooth, glabrous; F 1 slightly longer than F 2, 1.6 x longer than the pedicel, F 12 2.0x longer than F 11; scutellar foveae narrower, slightly broader than high, separated by a much broader median carina. In Cyclocynips uberis: POL nearly equal OOL; OOL 2.3 x and 2.0x longer than length of lateral ocellus and LOL; genae microreticulate; F 1 equal F 2, 1.6 x longer than the pedicel, F 12 1.5 x longer than F 11; scutellar foveae nearly 2.0x wider than high, separated by a narrow median carina; Description. Asexual female. Surface colouration is as for C. uberis. Head alutaceous to reticulate, with some white setae, denser on lower face and postgena; 2.1 x broader than long from above, 1.3 x broader than high, broader than mesosoma in anterior view. Gena microreticulate, broadened behind eye, 0.6 x cross diameter of eye; malar area microreticulate, with some delicate striae and without malar sulcus, 0.3 x height of eye. Inner margins of compound eyes parallel. POL 1.2 x longer than OOL; OOL 1.6 x and 2.0x longer than length of lateral ocellus and LOL; all ocelli of same size, ovate. Transfacial distance shorter than height of eye; diameter of antennal toruli 2.0x broader than distance between them, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye slightly longer than diameter of torulus. Lower face glabrous, shiny, with dense white setae and striae radiating from clypeus and extending to eye margins and nearly reaching toruli, median elevated area microreticulate, without striae. Clypeus rectangular, slightly broader than high, without median incision ventrally, glabrous; anterior tentorial pits distinct, large, rounded, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line distinct, deep. Frons alutaceous, with some white setae; interocellar area alutaceous to microreticulate. Vertex and occiput alutaceous; postocciput glabrous, shiny; postgena smooth, shiny, with dense setae and numerous delicate parallel longitudinal striae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, deep, area below impressed; height of occipital foramen nearly equal to height of coriaceous postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres; longer than head+mesosoma; pedicel longer than broad; F 1 slightly longer than F 2, 1.6 x longer than pedicel; F 3 shorter than F 2; F 2 –F 10 progressively shorter; F 12 2.0x longer than F 11; placodeal sensilla present on F 2 –F 12, absent on F 1. Mesosoma 1.2 x longer than broad, flattened dorsoventrally, not concaved. Pronotum impressed along anterior margin, rugose dorsally and laterally, with multiple short irregular striae posterolaterally, dorsally broad, visible both sides of mesoscutum; propleuron alutaceous, shiny, with smooth area centrally (Fig. 15). Mesoscutum delicately coriaceous between notauli, microreticulate aside from notauli and along anterior parallel lines, with few white setae; slightly broader than long (largest width measured across mesoscutum on level of base of tegulae). Notauli complete, reaching pronotum, deeply impressed in posterior 2 / 3 of mesoscutum; parapsidal lines present, in the form of glabrous, shiny stripes; median mesoscutal line absent, anterior parallel lines indicated by glabrous stripes; parascutal carina usually broad, extending to the point where notaulus reaches pronotum. Mesoscutellum quadrangular, uniformly rugose, with irregular strong rugae, as long as broad, slightly overhanging metanotum, with brownish setae denser than on mesoscutum; scutellar foveae distinct, transversely ovate, broader than high, with smooth, shining bottom, separate by distinct elevated broad microreticulate median carina. Mesopleuron and speculum smooth, shiny, with some delicate striae anteromedially only, with setae posteroventrally only; dorsal axillar area reticulate, with white setae; lateral axillar area alutaceous, with some setae; subaxillular bar smooth, shiny, most posterior part broader than height of metanotal trough; postalar process with parallel delicate striae; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron slightly above half of its height. Metascutellum uniformly coriaceous, metanotal trough smooth, shiny, without setae; ventral impressed area as high as height of metascutellum, smooth; central propodeal area broad, with numerous longitudinal rugae on smooth shiny bottom; lateral propodeal carinae strong, high, strongly bent outwards in middle part; lateral propodeal area rugose, with dense long, white setae. Nucha glabrous, with numerous parallel rugae. Tarsal claws simple, without basal lobe. Forewing longer than body, hyaline, with brown veins, distinct long, dense cilia on margin, radial cell with parallel sides, 6.2 x longer than wide; R 1 reaching wing margin, Rs nearly straight, reaching wing margin; areolet large, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M indistinct, reaching basalis in its lower half. Metasoma slightly shorter than head+mesosoma, higher than long in lateral view; 2 nd metasomal tergite smooth, occupying nearly 1 / 3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with some white setae laterally, all subsequent tergites without setae, smooth, shiny, with rare delicate micropunctures on posterior part of tergite. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 4.5 x longer than broad, subapical setae not extending beyond apex of spine; 5–8 long white setae located along ventral part of hypopygium. Body length 2.3–2.4 mm (n = 4). Gall (Fig. 23). Galls develop as multichambered swellings within twigs of Quercus glauca (subgenus Cyclobalanopsis), similar to those induced by C. uberis. Larval chambers are 2.1–2.6 mm long and 1.2–1.6 mm in diameter. They always appear to be close to the twig surface and orientated along its axis, unlike those of C. uberis that can occur at varying depths and orientations. Biology. As for C. uberis, adult females of this asexual generation emerge during March when Quercus glauca is experiencing a flush of growth. No matching sexual generation has yet been identified. Distribution. Currently known only from Shihding District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. The only recorded host plant species— Q. glauca —occurs throughout East Asia.Published as part of Melika, George, Tang, Chang-Ti, Sinclair, Frazer, Yang, Man-Miao, Lohse, Konrad, Hearn, Jack, Nicholls, James A. & Stone, Graham N., 2013, A new genus of oak gallwasp, Cyclocynips Melika, Tang & Sinclair (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), with descriptions of two new species from Taiwan, pp. 534-548 in Zootaxa 3630 (3) on pages 541-544, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/21944
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