396 research outputs found
The Growth-Inequality Relationship in a Model with Discrete Occupational Choice and Redistributive Tax
No full textNo abstract.
Identity principles in the digital age: a closer view
No full textIdentity and its management is now an integral part of web-based services and applications. It is also a live political issue that has captured the interest of organisations, businesses and society generally. As identity management systems assume functionally equivalent roles, their significance for privacy cannot be underestimated. The Centre for Democracy and Technology has recently released a draft version of what it regards as key privacy principles for identity management in the digital age. This paper will provide an overview of the key benchmarks identified by the CDT. The focus of this paper is to explore how best the Data Protection legislation can be said to provide a framework which best maintains a proper balance between 'identity' conscious technology and an individual's expectation of privacy to personal and sensitive data. The central argument will be that increased compliance with the key principles is not only appropriate for a distributed privacy environment but will go some way towards creating a space for various stakeholders to reach consensus applicable to existing and new information communication technologies. The conclusion is that securing compliance with the legislation will prove to be the biggest governance challenge. Standard setting and norms will go some way to ease the need for centralised regulatory oversight
Genetic transformation of Indian bread (<it>T. aestivum</it>) and pasta (<it>T. durum</it>) wheat by particle bombardment of mature embryo-derived calli
No full textAbstract Background Particle bombardment has been successfully employed for obtaining transgenics in cereals in general and wheat in particular. Most of these procedures employ immature embryos which are not available throughout the year. The present investigation utilizes mature seeds as the starting material and the calli raised from the hexaploid Triticum aestivum and tetraploid Triticum durum display a high regeneration response and were therefore used as the target tissue for genetic transformation by the biolistic approach. Results Mature embryo-derived calli of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, cv. CPAN1676) and durum wheat (T. durum, cv. PDW215) were double bombarded with 1.1 gold microprojectiles coated with pDM302 and pAct1-F at a target distance of 6 cm. Southern analysis using the bar gene as a probe revealed the integration of transgenes in the T0 transformants. The bar gene was active in both T0 and T1 generations as evidenced by phosphinothricin leaf paint assay. Approximately 30% and 33% primary transformants of T. aestivum and T. durum, respectively, were fertile. The transmission of bar gene to T1 progeny was demonstrated by PCR analysis of germinated seedlings with primers specific to the bar gene. Conclusions The transformation frequency obtained was 8.56% with T. aestivum and 10% with T. durum. The optimized protocol was subsequently used for the introduction of the barley gene encoding a late embryogenesis abundant protein (HVA1) in T. aestivum and T. durum. The presence of the HVA1 transgene was confirmed by Southern analysis in the T0 generation in case of Triticum aestivum, and T0 and T1 generation in Triticum durum.</p
Structural characterization of spray-dried microgranules by spin-echo small-angle neutron scattering
No full textSpray-drying is a widely used industrial technique and has shown an immense potential in the fields of nanoscience and technology. This is due to its ability to synthesize microgranules consisting of correlated nanostructures using evaporation induced assembly through bottom-up approach. Although the nature of correlation among the constituent nanoparticles and their size distribution could earlier be obtained by conventional Small-angle Scattering (SAS) technique, a statistically averaged quantitative measure of the shell thickness and hollowness of the formed granules remained a challenge. In this work, we have used Spin-echo Small-angle Neutron Scattering (SESANS) technique to characterize spray-dried nanostructured microgranules having different hollowness. It is shown that this non-destructive technique provided precise quantification of the granular sizes and hollowness by utilizing polarization property of neutrons in real space directly.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.RST/Neutron and Positron Methods in Material
Dinuclear cobalt(II) complexes of Schiff-base compartmental ligands: Syntheses, crystal structure and bio-relevant catalytic activities
No full textThree dicobalt(II) complexes, namely [Co2(L1H)(H2O)2(OAc)2](OAc)2 (1), [Co2(L2)(H2O)2(OAc)2](OAc) (2)
and [Co2(L3)(H2O)2(OAc)2](OAc) (3) of the p-cresol based ‘‘end-off’’ compartmental ligands 2,6-bis(R-iminomethyl)-
4-methyl-phenolato, where R = N-ethylpiperazine for L1, 2-ethylpyridine for L2 and N-ethylpiperidine
for L3, have been synthesized and characterized by common physicochemical techniques, and in
the case of complex 1 also by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. All the complexes show excellent
catecholase-like activity, monitored not only with 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol but also with tetrachlorocatechol,
a substrate reluctant to be oxidized. To the best of our knowledge, to date no cobalt complex has
been found in the literature to manifest such activity. The complexes are observed to interact efficiently
with CT-DNA and on incubation (employing plasmid pTZ57/R/T DNA) they exhibit concentration dependent
DNA cleavage activity. The mechanisms related to the DNA cleavage and catecholase-like activities
have been investigated. The cytotoxicity of the complexes has also been examined through an MTT assay
Alternative Dispute Resolution for Sustainable Peace: A Pragmatic Proposition
No full textIn lieu of formal judicial process under the common law jurisprudence, tools and techniques of alternative dispute resolution (hereafter ADR) - as the same are so called ~ stand way ahead toward peace-building discourse in the contemporary society, as it was earlier. In forthcoming paragraphs. the author strives to articulate with arguments of his own - and corroborate (t)his position that (i) in Its given time and place - the twenty-first century South Asia - ADR, in technical sense of the term, seems a misnomer, because the same stands here in vogue as the mainstream judicious process toward peaceful settlement of disputes between and among individuals or group of individuals since time immemorial; (ii) also, with wide variety of tools and techniques of ADR, the author grapples with jurisprudence of the same to attain sustainable peace sans remnants of prejudice against one another. Besides, in perspective of hitherto ordeal of common law - procedural Law in particular - the author asserts imperative need for minute introspection toward befitting jurisprudence to suit the soil and its people in South Asia; thereby, get rid of the given piecemeal peace process the State grapples with in the course of its myopic dispute governance
Alternative Dispute Resolution for Sustainable Peace: A Pragmatic Proposition
No full textIn lieu of formal judicial process under the common law jurisprudence, tools and techniques of alternative dispute resolution (hereafter ADR) - as the same are so called ~ stand way ahead toward peace-building discourse in the contemporary society, as it was earlier. In forthcoming paragraphs. the author strives to articulate with arguments of his own - and corroborate (t)his position that (i) in Its given time and place - the twenty-first century South Asia - ADR, in technical sense of the term, seems a misnomer, because the same stands here in vogue as the mainstream judicious process toward peaceful settlement of disputes between and among individuals or group of individuals since time immemorial; (ii) also, with wide variety of tools and techniques of ADR, the author grapples with jurisprudence of the same to attain sustainable peace sans remnants of prejudice against one another. Besides, in perspective of hitherto ordeal of common law - procedural Law in particular - the author asserts imperative need for minute introspection toward befitting jurisprudence to suit the soil and its people in South Asia; thereby, get rid of the given piecemeal peace process the State grapples with in the course of its myopic dispute governance
Catecholase activity of Mannich-based dinuclear CuII complexes with theoretical modeling: New insight into the solvent role in the catalytic cycle
No full textFour new dinuclear CuII complexes were synthesised from two Mannich-base ligands namely 2,6-bis[bis(2-methoxyethyl)aminomethyl]-4-chlorophenol (HL1) and 2-[bis(2-methoxyethyl)aminomethyl]-4-chlorophenol
(HL2): [Cu2(L1)(OH)](ClO4)2CH3OH (1), [Cu2(L2)2](ClO4)2H2O (2), [Cu2(L2)2(NO3)2] (3) and [Cu2(L2)2(OAc)2] H2O (4) and well characterised. X-ray diffraction analysis of the complexes reveals a Cu Cu distance of 2.9183(13), 2.9604(6), 3.0278(4) and 3.0569(11) Å, respectively. In 1 the metal coordination geometry is intermediate between trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) and square pyramidal (SP) (t = 0.488), in 2 the geometry is
TBP (0.828 and 0.639) and in 3 and 4 is SP (t = 0.188 and 0.083, respectively). Spectrophotometric investigations to evaluate the catecholase activity of complexes against 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol (3,5-DTBC) and tetrachlorocatechol (TCC) in three different solvents (acetonitrile, methanol and DMSO) under completely aerobic conditions reveal that complexes 1–4 are able to oxidise 3,5-DTBC in all the solvents, while TCC can be oxidised only in acetonitrile (kcat = 0.0002–0.02 s1). Intensive DFT calculations prove an ionic pathway for 1–3 while a unique neutral catalytic cycle for 4
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