814 research outputs found
Social and economic change in the south east Northumberland coalfield from the early 18th century
Get PDFThe subject of this thesis is social and economic change in the south-east Northumberland coalfield. A historical perspective is taken and class formation is examined from the early 18th century. During this early period the working class develops separately but under the rule of capital. Despite resistance the working class is contained and absorbed into the institutions of capital. In the inter-war period capital pursues a policy of reaction before elaborating new policies and setting up regional development organisations incorporating significant trade unionists and labour party members. While Nationalization was at first resisted the eventual' Nationalization of coal provided a way of restructuring the coal industry in the interests of capital in general. In the immediate post second world war years the policy of the N.C.B., underlined in various planning documents, was to retain labour in the coalfields. However, the modernisation of the pits led to local job losses resulting in the development of Cramlington New Town in order to diversity the areas economy. I therefore evaluate the New Town's objectives and conclude that they have been met to only a limited extent. The town relying upon branch plants to sustain its manufacturing base. An analysis of the New Town in the 1980's showing a polarisation between central workers and a reserve surplus with both populations located in separate localities. The contraction of the economic base in Blyth Valley differentially effecting these core and peripheral workers. Lastly, the development of Cramlington can also be seen, as class restructuring and I then go to the consider the relationship between housing, class and party vote
Gnathocera varians subsp. sericinitens Gory & Percheron 1833
No full textGnathocera varians sericinitens Gory & Percheron, 1833 This taxon is listed in Table 4 but is not listed in Krajčík (1998) or Schoolmeesters (2021). However, both G. varians and G. sericinitens Bates, 1884 are listed as accepted names (Schoolmeesters 2021). The former includes only three subspecies: Gnathocera varians antoinei Beinhundner, 2006, Gnathocera varians histrionica De Lisle, 1947 and Gnathocera varians roseni Schürhoff, 1939. Beinhundner (2017) lists Gnathocera varians sericinitens under G. sericinitens Bates, 1884 with reference to Allard (1991) where this name combination is listed and where it may have been first used. Allard (1991) lists this taxon from from Nigeria, Niger and Burkina Faso, and Le Gall (2015), records it from Benin.Published as part of Philips, T. Keith, Mudge, Alan D., Orozco, Jesus, Neidlinger, Robert, Beinhundner, Gerhard & Joly, Claude, 2022, A rich and diverse fauna: an illustrated guide to the cetoniines of Ghana with comparisons to Ivory Coast and Benin (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae), pp. 151-188 in Zootaxa 5150 (2) on page 178, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/662115
SEX DIFFERENCES ASSOCIATED WITH MIP-3α-ANTIGEN FUSION DNA VACCINE IN TUBERCULOSIS MODEL
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of global mortality. A
therapeutic DNA vaccine targeting RelMtb has been shown to increase the efficacy of
antitubercular drugs, and fusing macrophage-inflammatory protein 3α (MIP-3α to RelMtb)
further increases the vaccine’s therapeutic efficacy. A previous study in the laboratory
found that overall MIP-3α enhanced vaccine uptake and cell activation by iDCs. Female
mice showed greater levels of antigen presentation, especially in DCs able to cross
present antigen, explaining why they had the best outcomes. The current study
hypothesizes that females compared to males will show enhancement of genes associated
with CD8+ T cell recruitment and cross-presentation that are more pronounced with MIP
3α-antigen fusion vaccines and that females will have higher levels of immune cell
infiltration and Yae+ dendritic cells that are more pronounced with the vaccine construct
including MIP-3α.
Methods: To determine which genes might be contributing to the sex difference
phenotype qRT-PCR analysis was performed. Additionally, fluorescence microscopy of
the muscle was utilized to determine the amounts of GFP, Yae vaccine antigen, and
Cd11c+ dendritic cells at the site of vaccination.
Results: Most of the genes upregulated in MIP-3α females were chemokines involved in
immune cell motility and attracting cells to the node, while many of the genes that are
upregulated in males are important in monocyte-derived DC-driven T cell responses or
signal DC maturation. At the site of vaccination, Mip-EαGFP females had higher
ii
amounts of Cd11c+ signal, DAPI+ signal, and a higher percentage of DAPI+ signal that
is also Cd11c+ when compared to EαGFP females.
Conclusions: The Rel vaccine enhances TB bacterial clearance by antibiotics with a
female bias, and that fusion of MIP-3α enhances both the overall response and the sex
bias. The data supports the hypotheses that fusing MIP-3α to the antigen leads to better
targeting and activation of APCs at the vaccination site, and more dendritic cell and
immune cell infiltration in females. More research studying the mechanisms involved in
the sex differences is pivotal to fully understanding how vaccination elicits a more robust
immune response and how to best treat persistent TB
SEX DIFFERENCES ASSOCIATED WITH MIP-3α-ANTIGEN FUSION DNA VACCINE IN TUBERCULOSIS MODEL
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of global mortality. A
therapeutic DNA vaccine targeting RelMtb has been shown to increase the efficacy of
antitubercular drugs, and fusing macrophage-inflammatory protein 3α (MIP-3α to RelMtb)
further increases the vaccine’s therapeutic efficacy. A previous study in the laboratory
found that overall MIP-3α enhanced vaccine uptake and cell activation by iDCs. Female
mice showed greater levels of antigen presentation, especially in DCs able to cross
present antigen, explaining why they had the best outcomes. The current study
hypothesizes that females compared to males will show enhancement of genes associated
with CD8+ T cell recruitment and cross-presentation that are more pronounced with MIP
3α-antigen fusion vaccines and that females will have higher levels of immune cell
infiltration and Yae+ dendritic cells that are more pronounced with the vaccine construct
including MIP-3α.
Methods: To determine which genes might be contributing to the sex difference
phenotype qRT-PCR analysis was performed. Additionally, fluorescence microscopy of
the muscle was utilized to determine the amounts of GFP, Yae vaccine antigen, and
Cd11c+ dendritic cells at the site of vaccination.
Results: Most of the genes upregulated in MIP-3α females were chemokines involved in
immune cell motility and attracting cells to the node, while many of the genes that are
upregulated in males are important in monocyte-derived DC-driven T cell responses or
signal DC maturation. At the site of vaccination, Mip-EαGFP females had higher
ii
amounts of Cd11c+ signal, DAPI+ signal, and a higher percentage of DAPI+ signal that
is also Cd11c+ when compared to EαGFP females.
Conclusions: The Rel vaccine enhances TB bacterial clearance by antibiotics with a
female bias, and that fusion of MIP-3α enhances both the overall response and the sex
bias. The data supports the hypotheses that fusing MIP-3α to the antigen leads to better
targeting and activation of APCs at the vaccination site, and more dendritic cell and
immune cell infiltration in females. More research studying the mechanisms involved in
the sex differences is pivotal to fully understanding how vaccination elicits a more robust
immune response and how to best treat persistent TB
Optimization techniques in elastic proton-proton collisions
No full textTHESIS 5901The proton spin puzzle has intrigued experimentalists and theorists since
the surprising result from the EMC experiment at CERN in 1988, which found a smaller than expected contribution to the spin of the proton from the component quarks. The question, "where does the spin of the proton
come from?" remains unanswered
Abnormal error-processing : evaluation of a potential trait marker for schizophrenia
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Probability and Statistics with R by Maria Dolores Ugarte, Ana F. Militino, Alan T. Arnholt
No full textSpatio-temporal population modelling for enhanced assessment of urban exposure to flood risk
Get PDFThere is a growing need for high resolution spatio-temporal population estimates which allow accurate assessment of population exposure to natural hazards. Current approaches to population estimation are usually limited either by the use of arbitrary administrative boundaries or insufficient resolution in the temporal dimension. The innovative approach proposed here combines the use of a spatio-temporal gridded population model with flood inundation data to estimate time-specific variations in population exposed to natural hazards. The approach is exemplified through an application centred on Southampton (UK) using Environment Agency flood map inundation data. Results demonstrate that large fluctuations occur over time in the population distribution within flood risk zones. Variations in the spatio-temporal distribution of population subgroups are explored. Analysis using GIS indicates a diurnal shift in exposure between fluvial and tidal flooding, particularly attributable to the movement of the working age population. This illustrates the improvements achievable to flood risk management as well as potential application to other natural hazard scenarios both within the UK and globally
Probability and Statistics with R by Maria Dolores Ugarte, Ana F. Militino, Alan T. Arnholt
No full textSymmetric faces are a sign of successful cognitive aging
No full textIt has been proposed that a common cause underlies individual differences in bodily and cognitive decline in old age. No good marker for this common cause has been identified to date. Here, fluctuating asymmetry (FA), an indicator of developmental stability that relates to intelligence differences in young adults, was measured from facial photographs of 216 surviving members of the Lothian Birth Cohort 1921 at age 83 and related to their intelligence at ages 11, 79 and 83 years. FA at age 83 was unrelated to intelligence at ages 11 and 79 and to cognitive change between 11 and 79 years. It was, however, associated with intelligence and information processing efficiency at age 83 and with cognitive change between 79 and 83 years. Significant results were limited to men, a result predicted by sex differences in life history tradeoffs and life expectancy. Results were stronger when directional asymmetries were corrected in facial FA measures. Thus, FA is a candidate marker for the common cause of differential senescence
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