2,692 research outputs found
Between the local and the universal: Academic worlds and the long history of the university
No full text
Himantolophus litoceras Stewart & Pietsch, 2010, new species
No full textHimantolophus litoceras new species Figures 1, 2, 3 Holotype. NMNZ P. 042004, female, 276 mm SL (263 mm SL preserved), F/V Seamount Explorer, Station OBS 2170 / 130, South Cavalli Seamount, east of North Cape, North Island, New Zealand, 34 º12.0'–14.0'S, 175 º05.0'–07.0'E, bottom trawl, 654 m, collected by Ted Turton, MFish Scientific Observer, 7 November 2005. Diagnosis. Metamorphosed females of Himantolophus litoceras differ from those of other members of the H. cornifer -group in having a pair of simple distal escal appendages, each lacking any trace of lateral appendages or filaments. It further differs in having the following combination of character states: length of illicium 31.1 % SL (28.2 % preserved); width of escal bulb 11.9 % SL (10.5 % preserved); illicium and esca without filaments; illicium, esca, and proximal one-half of distal escal appendage covered with tiny, close-set dermal spinules; distal escal appendages darkly pigmented, tip of intact filament silvery white in freshly thawed specimen. Description. Holotype somewhat damaged by trawl, lower jaw broken, partially missing; about threequarters length of left distal escal appendage lost prior to capture, tip healed, showing no recent signs of injury; tip of intact distal escal appendage with some signs of damage, may not be complete. Distal escal appendages separated nearly from base, escal bulb with two lobes, escal pore on posterior margin of bulb, opening on a small raised protuberance. Stem of illicium darkly pigmented, escal bulb at base of distal escal appendages white; body without unpigmented patches of skin. Dorsal-fin rays 5, two anteriormost rays simple, but closely aligned (appearing as one), remaining rays bifurcated; anal-fin rays 4, bifurcated; pectoralfin rays 16, all simple and flattened; caudal-fin rays 9, upper- and lowermost ray closely aligned with adjacent ray for most of length (each appearing as one), innermost five rays bifurcated. Four dermal spines on lateral surface of each pectoral fin lobe; approximately 55 dermal spines of each side of body. Papillae of snout and chin well developed. Number of teeth in upper jaw 29 + 28, longest tooth 4.1 mm; longest tooth in lower jaw 7.8 mm. Eye diameter 9.8 mm (6.4 mm preserved); stem of illicium 86 mm (74.3 mm preserved); width of escal bulb 33 mm (27.8 mm preserved); length of intact distal escal appendage 327 mm (319 mm preserved). Additional characters as provided for H. cornifer -group by Bertelsen and Krefft (1988) and Pietsch (2009). Discussion. Himantolophus litoceras n. sp. is a member of the H. cornifer -group as defined by Bertelsen and Krefft (1988), lacking posterior escal appendages. Within the H. cornifer -group, the new species differs from the other members in lacking lateral branching along the distal escal appendage. It is most similar to H. macroceratioides Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988 (known from two specimens) in the length of the distal escal appendage and width of the escal bulb as a percentage of SL, as well as in escal pigmentation. However, the base of the illicium and most of the distal escal appendage are naked or only sparsely covered with dermal spinules in H. macroceratioides, whereas these regions are densely covered with spinules in H. litoceras. Himantolophus litoceras n. sp. is similar to H. macroceras Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988 (known from five specimens) in the diameter of the escal bulb, and length of the illicium and distal escal appendage as percentage of SL. It also shares with H. macroceras the dense covering of dermal spinules along most of the illicial stem, escal bulb, and proximal half of the distal escal appendage. However, the distal half of the distal escal appendages of H. litoceras is naked, whereas the spinules continue to the tips of the appendage in H. macroceras. Himantolophus azurlucens Beebe and Crane, 1947 is represented by two specimens, each bearing a side branch on only one branch of the distal escal appendage, but the length of these appendages is considerably shorter (23 % SL right, 32 % SL left). Himantolophus cornifer Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988 (eight specimens) has one to three distal bifurcations of the distal escal appendage, whereas that of H. litoceras n. sp. is bifurcated only at its base. Himantolophus compressus (Osório, 1912) was known from a single specimen that was subsequently destroyed by a fire at the Museu Bocage, Lisbon, in 1978. The illustration by Osório, reproduced by Maul (1961: 101, figure 4), is somewhat crude, showing no details of the esca. Maul was unable to examine the type, but relied on Osório’s account and communication with an assistant at the Museu Municipal do Funchal. He noted that there was damage to the esca, most notably to the distal escal appendage (Maul, 1961: 103). Prior to its loss, the holotype was re-examined by Bertelsen who reported that only about 5 mm of the distal escal appendage remained (Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988: 73). Bertelsen noted, however, that the distal escal appendage arose from a single point on the bulb and bifurcated some distance up, differing from that of H. litoceras, which bifurcates at its base. The distal escal appendage percentage length and presence/absence of lateral appendages was not reported by Osório (1912). Distribution. Himantolophus litoceras n. sp. is known from a single specimen taken off the northeast coast of the North Island, New Zealand, in 654 m, which is relatively shallow water (Fig. 3). Members of the H. cornifer -group have been caught over a wide depth range, from 170 to 2150 m depth, tending to form a bimodal vertical distribution between 170 m and 900 m and 1650 m and 2150 m. However, with so few specimens of the H. cornifer -group in collections, it is impossible at this time to determine if there is species specific depth stratification. The five other species in the cornifer -group are all recorded from equatorial to subtropical waters (Pietsch, 2009: 210, figs. 213, 214). The exception to date has been Himantolophus compressus, which was caught off Portugal at 38 ° 20 ' N. A recent record of H. cornifer from 29 ° 25 ' S was recovered from the stomach of a beached sperm whale (Anderson and Leslie, 2001: 8). Himantolophus litoceras n. sp is the first record of the H. cornifer -group from the South Pacific and is the southernmost record for this group. Metamorphosed females of ceratioids of most species do not appear to undertake sustained swimming. Their body shape is generally globose with weak musculature and small posteriorly set dorsal and anal fins. In situ observations of a species of Oneirodes confirmed that they are, for the most part, drifters (Luck and Pietsch, 2008). Species of the Himantolophidae have the same body pattern as Oneirodes, so the drifting mode can be expected to apply to them as well. Himantolophus litoceras n. sp was taken in the subtropical water mass, subject to the East Auckland Current, which diverges from the eastward-flowing Tasman Front. The northeast coast of the North Island is also a region that experiences a number of eddies spinning off from this current (e.g., North Cape Eddy and East Cape Eddy) before it breaks up to the south-bound East Cape Current and less-defined currents moving north and east (Carter et al., 1998). Based on this water movement and the distribution of other himantolophid anglerfishes across the New Zealand and south-eastern Australian region, this species can be expected to also occur in the Tasman Sea as well as the southwest Pacific Ocean. Etymology. From a combination of the Greek litos meaning “simple” or “plain,” and keras meaning “horn,” in reference to the lack of lateral branching or filaments on the distal escal appendages. Comments on the status of Himantolophus pseudalbinares Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988. In his paper recording Himantolophus albinares from the Lord Howe Basin, Iglésias (2005) described a single large (207 mm SL) specimen. On the basis of what he believed to be a divided tip on one of the pair of distal escal appendages, he proposed that Himantolophus pseudalbinares is a synonym of H. albinares. Re-examination of Iglésias’s specimen, two specimens of Himantolophus albinares held by the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (Fig 4,5), and the second known specimen of H. pseudalbinares reported by Stewart and Pietsch (1998) (Fig. 6), revealed a number of features that challenge Iglésias’s conclusion. Both the illustration of the holotype of H. pseudalbinares (Bertelsen and Krefft, 1988: Fig. 23) and the second specimen reported by Stewart and Pietsch (1998) clearly show that the tips of both branches of the distal appendages are precisely and symmetrically divided (Fig. 6). The apparent division of the specimen figured by Iglésias is long, distinctly ragged, and well down from the tip. Comparison with a specimen of similar size and condition in the Museum of New Zealand collection (NMNZ P. 031256; 35 ° 50.9 'S, 164 ° 57.0'E) shows similar ragged tips to the DA (Fig. 4). In the case of the NMNZ specimen, this is due to the distal escal appendages becoming thin and flaccid, with indications that the esca is beginning to break down. Dissection of that specimen also revealed that the ovaries were large with extremely thin transparent walls and no sign of any eggs. Indications are that this specimen, and the specimen described by Iglésias, were probably undergoing senescence. The diagnosis of Himantolophus albinares provided by Bertelsen and Krefft (1988) and the description by Iglésias (2005) record the absence of dermal spinules on the upper escal bulb and appendages. However, the second specimen of Himantolophus pseudalbinares has small but distinct spinules along most fo the length of the distal escal appendages, extending almost onto the tips. The senior author sent late E. Bertelsen this second specimen for his evaluation and had the identification confirmed. Small differences between that specimen and the holotype (relatively longer illicium, absence of distinctive illicial filaments and spines on the illicium) were, he believed, within the range of variation observed in its nearest relative (E. Bertelsen, pers. comm. 1992). On the basis of our examinations and analysis, we agree with Iglésias that his specimen (MNHM 2003 - 00118) is Himantolophus albinares, but that the supposed division of the distal appendage on that specimen is an artefact of illicial tissue break-down rather than evidence supporting synonymy. Therefore, in full agreement with Pietsch (2009: 344), we propose that Himantolophus pseudalbinares should be retained as a valid species supported by the diagnostic characters defined by Bertelsen and Krefft (1988). Conclusion. The capture of a new species in relatively shallow water, and the extended distribution of what has up until recently been considered an Atlantic species group, raises an number of issues about ceratioid distributions within the New Zealand EEZ. Ceratioids tend to be small (<300 mm SL), soft-bodied and occur in low densities; one per 800,000 m 3 (Helfman et al., 1997: 298). Most captures in the New Zealand EEZ have been as incidental trawl by-catch whilst targeting deep-water commercial species (e.g. orange roughy Hoplostethus atlanticus and oreo dories Oreosomatidae). The use of large mesh with a 4 cm cod-end, the need to maximise commercial returns or the constraints of stratified research tows have tended to result in few ceratioid specimens being caught intact and fewer being retained. This is compounded by the mid-water depths below 1200 m being rarely sampled within the New Zealand region. Research trawling within the New Zealand EEZ by the former Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries and NIWA (subsequent to 1995) over the 38 -year period 1961–1997 covered 5326 km 2, most of which was shallower than 1200 m depth, and sampling by other institutions (universities, museums, etc.) amounted to an additional 2 km 2 (Nelson and Gordon, 1997). This is in an EEZ of over 4 million km 2, of which 72 % lies below 1000 m depth and 51 % is below 2000 m. Metamorphosed female ceratioids tend to be most abundant below 1000 m depth (Paxton, 1990; Nelson, 2006), therefore, the faunal list of this group for the New Zealand region (e.g. Roberts et al., 2009) is probably far from complete. Gaps in collecting reflect gaps in the knowledge of the distribution of the group as a whole. Fourteen percent of the 160 ceratioid species recognised to date are known from a single specimen; 48 % from six or fewer (Pietsch, 2009). Whilst some families such as the Ceratiidae have been relatively stable in their composition, others have continued to have new species added. The majority of these have been in the Oneirodidae (e.g., Pietsch, 2004, 2007), with some in the Thaumatichthyidae and others (Pietsch, 2005). In addition, new catches of rare species have warranted expanded re-descriptions (e.g., Kharin and Pietsch, 2007) or re-evaluations (e.g., Pietsch and Kharin, 2004). Given the low sampling intensity and large volume of habitat available, together with small body size, discovery of new ceratioid species and expanded distributions of known taxa may be expected to continue in the New Zealand EEZ.Published as part of Stewart, Andrew L. & Pietsch, Theodore W., 2010, A new species of deep-sea anglerfish, genus Himantolophus (Lophiiformes: Himantolophidae) from the Western South Pacific, with comments on the validity of H. pseudalbinares, pp. 53-60 in Zootaxa 2671 on pages 54-59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19913
Atypical theratoid/rhabdoid tumor and choroid plexus tumors:when genetics "surprise" pathology
No full textOrrichthys longimanus Carnevale & Pietsch 2010, SP. NOV.
No full text† <i>ORRICHTHYS LONGIMANUS</i> SP. NOV. (FIGS 5–7) <p> † <i>Histionotophorus bassani</i> Sorbini, 1972: pl. 6, fig. 1 (misidentification).</p> <p> <i>Holotype:</i> MCSNV T.160/161, nearly complete skeleton in part and counterpart, 63 mm SL; late early Eocene, Ypresian; Monte Bolca, Pesciara cave site.</p> <p> <i>Paratype:</i> MCSNV T.164/165, nearly complete skeleton in part and counterpart, 54.1 mm SL; from the type locality.</p> <p> <i>Diagnosis:</i> As given for the genus.</p> <p> <i>Description:</i> The body is short and globose (depth as great as 52.5% SL) (Fig. 5). The caudal peduncle is short and deep. The head is compressed, relatively large (about 37% SL). The snout is short, the orbital diameter moderately large. The neurocranium is slightly oblique in position. The mouth is nearly horizontal and extremely large (Figs 5, 6). There is a membrane between the second and third dorsal-fin spines and between the third spine and the dorsal mid-line of the body. The dorsal-fin rays are broadly elongate. The external margins of the dorsal and anal fins are characterized by a gently curved profile. The arm-like pectoral fin is supported by greatly elongate pectoral radials. The pelvic-fin rays are also relatively long (24.9% SL). The caudal fin is rounded. Additional counts and measurements are given in Table 2.</p> <p>The neurocranium is massive, moderately high, and subrectangular in outline (Figs 5, 6). The bones are well ossified and thickened (Fig. 6). The frontals All values are in millimetres. Values in parentheses are in per cent of standard length.</p> <p>are large and robust. The parietal appears to be characterized by a nearly rounded profile; the parietals are separated from each other by the supraoccipital. The mesethmoid is thick, with an irregular posterior profile. What appear to be the lateral eth- moids partially cover the anterior portion of the mesethmoid. The bones of the ethmoid block are separated from the basicranial elements by a very small gap, which was probably filled originally by the ethmoid cartilage. The vomer is toothless, with a flattened ventral surface. The parasphenoid is extremely thick, dorsoventrally expanded, with a median lateral ridge. The bones of the otic and occipital regions are difficult to determine.</p> <p>The premaxilla bears a slender elongate ascending process and a flattened spatulate articular process (Fig. 7A). There are a few rows of large depressible caniniform teeth with recurved tips. The maxilla is greatly elongate and robust, with an enlarged flattened posterior end, its length contained approximately five times in SL (see Table 2). The dentary is massive and thick, with a prominent symphysial spine; the mandibular teeth are identical to those of the upper jaw (Fig. 7A). The articular bears a posteroventral bony lamina, with a rounded profile.</p> <p>The bones of the suspensorium (Fig. 6) are fragmented in both specimens examined. The hyomandibula has a slender primary shaft, two articular heads, and a short opercular process. The quadrate is roughly triangular and dorsoventrally expanded. The symplectic is difficult to recognize. The metapterygoid is flat and nearly rectangular in shape, with a convex dorsal margin and two diagonal ridges. The ectopterygoid is greatly elongate, crescent-shaped, and posteriorly expanded. The endopterygoid consists of an elongate thin plate, with a rounded dorsal profile. The palatine has an enlarged robust articular head.</p> <p>What appears to be the preopercle is elongate and slightly curved (Fig. 6). The opercle cannot be determined. The subopercle is crescent-shaped, apparently without a spine along the anterior margin.</p> <p>The hyoid bar is difficult to recognize as a result of inadequate preservation. There are five slender and elongate branchiostegal rays (Fig. 6). The bones of the branchial skeleton are badly fragmented. The ceratobranchials appear to be slightly curved. Large caniniform pharyngobranchial teeth are recognizable.</p> <p>The vertebral column is slightly curved (Fig. 5). There are 21-22 vertebrae, 12-13 abdominal and nine caudal. The anterior-most vertebra is strongly associated with the occipital region of the neurocranium. With the exception of the anterior-most four vertebrae, which are nearly square in shape, the centra are massive, subrectangular, and higher than long. The four anterior-most vertebrae bear anteroposteriorly enlarged neural spines; the two anteriormost are characterized by having a rounded profile, whereas those of the third and fourth are stout and pointed. The neural spines of the fifth to eighth vertebrae are shorter, not clearly interdigitating with the dorsal-fin pterygiophores situated above. Welldeveloped neural prezygapophyses characterize all the vertebral centra. Vertebrae 7 (8) to 20 (21) bear flattened, anteroposteriorly enlarged and posteroventrally directed haemal spines, each with a pointed tip (Fig. 5C).</p> <p>The penultimate vertebra bears enlarged spatulate neural and haemal spines. The hypural plate is roughly triangular, with a small median notch along its posterior margin (Fig. 5C). There are no epurals. The caudal fin consists of nine rays, four in the upper lobe and five in the lower one. The lowest ray is reduced to a small splint of bone; the remaining rays are bifurcated distally.</p> <p>The spinous dorsal fin is well preserved in the paratype (Fig. 7B); the illicium and two following spines are slender. The first pterygiophore is greatly enlarged; it consists of an elongate anteriorly expanded bony lamina, with a thick median ridge. The second pterygiophore is rather large, blade-like, with an elongate lateral bony crest. The soft dorsal fin contains 16–17 rays, supported by 15–16 pterygiophores (Fig. 5). These pterygiophores are characterized by having an elongate primary shaft and an enlarged, fan-like distal end. The four anterior pterygiophores are obliquely orientated with posteroventrally directed shafts. The two posterior pterygiophores lie in the interneural space between the 17th (or 18th) and 18th (or 19th) vertebrae. The posteriormost dorsal-fin pterygiophore (as well as its counterpart in the anal fin) bears a posteriorly directed process on the posterior margin of its distal end.</p> <p>The anal fin consists of 11 rays supported by ten pterygiophores (Fig. 5). The proximal shaft of the two anterior pterygiophores is bent posteriorly. The four anterior pterygiophores lie in the interhaemal space between the 17th (or 18th) and 18th (or 19th) vertebrae.</p> <p>The pectoral fin inserts above the anal-fin origin (Fig. 5). It contains eight or nine elongate rays. The supracleithrum is elongate and laterally flattened. The cleithrum is rather large and crescent shaped. The scapula and coracoid are poorly preserved and difficult to interpret. There is a single elongate postcleithrum. The two radials are strongly elongate; the ventral-most has a distally expanded portion and bears the bases of the pectoral-fin rays. The pelvic fin contains one spine and five rays (Fig. 5A). The basipterygium is stout with an expanded distal end. The skin is naked.</p> <p> <i>Etymology:</i> The specific name is derived from the Latin <i>longus</i>, meaning ‘long’; and <i>manus</i>, ‘hand,’ in allusion to the exceptionally long, hand-like, pectoralfin lobe of this species.</p> <p> <i>Remarks:</i> The first documentation of this new handfish genus and species was provided by Sorbini (1972), who figured the holotype (MCSNV T.161) but misidentified it as † <i>Histionotophorus bassani</i>. The information obtained in this study indicates that † <i>Orrichthys longimanus</i> is defined by three autapomorphies, plus many other features that are found in various combinations in other brachionichthyid or antennarioid fishes. Some of these diagnostic features, including large caniniform jaw teeth, an enlarged maxilla, dorsoventrally developed anterior part of the body, and anteroventrally directed anterior-most anal-fin pterygiophores, can all be considered trophic adaptations. In particular, these characters clearly reflect an increased development of the oro-pharyngeal cavity (i.e. an expansion of the throat and abdomen) for engulfing large prey. Although a similar strong development of feeding adaptations is not evident in † <i>Histionotophorus bassani</i>, it should be noted that the mouth and abdomen of the latter are still comparatively enlarged with respect to those of extant brachionichthyids. Therefore, the microphagous habits characteristic of extant handfishes can be interpreted as a specialization amongst lophiiforms, whereas the functional adaptations of the trophicrelated structures of † <i>Orrichthys longimanus</i> and, to a lesser extent, of † <i>Histionotophorus bassani</i>, seem to be consistent with those of other antennarioids, and more generally of other lophiiform fishes (e.g. see Gregory, 1933; Gregory & Conrad, 1936; Pietsch, 2009).</p>Published as part of <i>Carnevale, Giorgio & Pietsch, Theodore W., 2010, Eocene handfishes from Monte Bolca, with description of a new genus and species, and a phylogeny of the family Brachionichthyidae (Teleostei: Lophiiformes), pp. 621-647 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160 (4)</i> on pages 631-633, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00623.x, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5755371">http://zenodo.org/record/5755371</a>
Campus-Management-Systeme
No full textBick M, Grechenig T, Spitta T. Campus-Management-Systeme. In: Pietsch W, Krams B, eds. Software Management 2010. LNI. Vol P-178. Bonn: GI e.V.; 2010: 61-78
Pietsch-Maurey-Rosenthal factorization of summing multilinear operators
No full text[EN] The main purpose of this paper is the study of a new class of summing mul-tilinear operators acting from the product of Banach lattices with some nontrivial lattice convexity. A mixed Pietsch-Maurey-Rosenthal type factorization theorem for these opera-tors is proved under weaker convexity requirements than the ones that are needed in the Maurey-Rosenthal factorization through products of Lq-spaces. A by-product of our fac-torization is an extension of multilinear operators de¿ned by a q-concavity type property to a product of special Banach function lattices which inherit some lattice-geometric prop-erties of the domain spaces, as order continuity and p-convexity. Factorization through Fremlin¿s tensor products is also analyzed. Applications are presented to study a special class of linear operators between Banach function lattices that can be characterized by a strong version of q-concavity. This class contains q-dominated operators, and so the obtained results provide a new factorization theorem for operators from this class.The first named author was supported by National Science Center, Poland, project no. 2015/17/B/ST1/00064. The second named author was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain) under project MTM2016-77054-C2-1-P.Mastylo, M.; Sánchez Pérez, EA. (2018). Pietsch-Maurey-Rosenthal factorization of summing multilinear operators. Functiones et Approximatio Commentarii Mathematici. 59(1):57-76. https://doi.org/10.7169/facm/1683S577659
White beam x-ray waveguide optics
No full textWe report a white beam x-ray waveguide (WG) experiment. A resonant beam coupler x-ray waveguide (RBC) is used simultaneously as a broad bandpass (or multibandpass) monochromator and as a beam compressor. We show that, depending on the geometrical properties of the WG, the exiting beam consists of a defined number of wavelengths which can be shifted by changing the angle of incidence of the white x-ray synchrotron beam. The characteristic far-field pattern is recorded as a function of exit angle and energy. This x-ray optical setup may be used to enhance the intensity of coherent x-ray WG beams since the full energetic acceptance of the WG mode is transmitted. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics
Virtual optimisation for improved production planning
No full textBrinkrolf J, Mittag T, Joppen R, Dr\ A, Pietsch K-H, Hammer B. Virtual optimisation for improved production planning. In: New Challenges in Neural Computation. 2016
The Floating University Experience, Empire, and the Politics of Knowledge
No full textIn 1926, New York University professor James E. Lough—an educational reformer with big dreams—embarked on a bold experiment he called the Floating University. Lough believed that taking five hundred American college students around the globe by ship would not only make them better citizens of the world but would demonstrate a model for responsible and productive education amid the unprecedented dangers, new technologies, and social upheavals of the post–World War I world. But the Floating University’s maiden voyage was also its last: when the ship and its passengers returned home, the project was branded a failure—the antics of students in hotel bars and port city back alleys that received worldwide press coverage were judged incompatible with educational attainment, and Lough was fired and even put under investigation by the State Department.
In her new book, Tamson Pietsch excavates a rich and meaningful picture of Lough’s grand ambition, its origins, and how it reveals an early-twentieth-century America increasingly defined both by its imperialism and the professionalization of its higher education system. As Pietsch argues, this voyage—powered by an internationalist worldview—traced the expanding tentacles of US power, even as it tried to model a new kind of experiential education. She shows that this apparent educational failure actually exposes a much larger contest over what kind of knowledge should underpin university authority, one in which direct personal experience came into conflict with academic expertise. After a journey that included stops at nearly fifty international ports and visits with figures ranging from Mussolini to Gandhi, what the students aboard the Floating University brought home was not so much knowledge of the greater world as a demonstration of their nation’s rapidly growing imperial power
- …
