47 research outputs found
On right -inverse ordered semigroups
No full textHere we introduce the notion of (left, right) --simple, right -inverse ordered semigroups and discuss characterizations and relationships concerning them. Semilattice decomposition of left --simple ordered semigroups has been given here. Furthermore, we study an interrelation between the generalized Green\u27s relations and the class of semigroups which are semilattices of right --simple ordered semigroups.arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1701.07185, arXiv:1701.07189 by other author
Comparative study of various grading systems in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their value in predicting lymph node metastasis
No full textBackground: Regional lymph node (LN) metastasis is the single most prognostic factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). An analysis of the prognostic factors is important for predicting prognosis and reducing the mortality in these patients.
Objectives: (1) To compare the value of various grading systems in predicting LN metastasis. (2) To evaluate histopathological parameters, which could help in predicting LN metastasis.
Materials and Methods: A total of 20 excisional biopsies of OSCCs, were graded according to the four grading systems that is, Broder′s, Jakobsson′s, Anneroth and Hansen′s, and Brynes. We also evaluated various histopathological parameters, which could help in predicting LN metastasis.
Results: Grading at the invasive front was most prognostic of LN metastasis. Tumors with total malignancy score ≥8 showed higher incidence of metastases.
Conclusion: The histopathological parameters that could help in predicting lymph node metastases (LNM) are keratinization, nuclear pleomorphism (NP), and the pattern of invasion (POI) when assessed at the invasive front. When the whole tumor was considered, histopathological parameters like NP and POI were significant in predicting LNM
Nil-extensions of simple and right -inverse ordered semigroups
No full textAn ordered semigroup is right -inverse if it is -inverse but not conversely. So the question arises under what condition the converse holds. In this paper we study nil-extensions of simple and right -inverse ordered semigroups and prove that is right -inverse if and only if is -inverse in a -Archimedean ordered semigroup. Moreover, we characterize complete semilattice of nil-extensions of simple and right -inverse ordered semigroups.arXiv admin note: text overlap with 2407.14569; text overlap with arXiv:1701.07189, arXiv:1701.07185 by other author
Exploring Consensus to Develop Global Standards in Response to Sea Level Rise (SLR): Evaluating the Standardisation Scope of SLR Adaptation Using the Delphi Technique
No full textAnthropogenic climate change has led to irreversible Sea level rise (SLR), underscoring the urgency to implement adaptation measures. With there being a series of challenges to implement SLR adaptation, international standardisation emerges out to be a solution to address these challenges. In this research, an attempt is made to identify SLR adaptation measures that could be globally standardised using a consensus-based approach. The methodology for the research is a combination of desk-research and the Delphi method – involving rounds of surveys with an expert panel to reach consensus – that run a sequential manner. The research also aims at demonstrating the Delphi method as a cost-effective and time-saving method to develop adaptation standards. The research is able to develop a synthesis of a comprehensive list of adaptation measures that are in turn posed as the candidates to be standardised. A total of six adaptation measures attain consensus that include: (1) early warning systems, (2) seawalls, (3) levees, (4) sandbags, (5) dikes and (6) breakwaters. These adaptation options are chosen based on the identified meta-criteria developed as part of the results of the Delphi study. The meta-criteria is based on the reasons to develop an adaptation measure into standard and assesses three key themes that checks if an adaptation measure: (1) is a technical measure, (2) has a pre-existing methodology or standard that could be revised or newly drafted for SLR adaptation and (3) has a global data stream that could facilitate SLR based data sharing, collection and interoperability. These identified measures help in prioritising the adaptation measures that could be globally standardised. A key theme for the opposition of standardisation found in the literature and substantiated by the expert inputs is found to be of location-specific considerations for SLR adaptation implementation. Thus, to address such an apprehension of the panellists, the study makes crucial theoretical contribution to include an explanation to the relevance of standardisation to the challenges with SLR adaptation implementation. Furthermore, to propose and demonstrate the adoption of the Delphi method as a starting point to identify suitable options that could be standardised, the research develops an understanding of consensus in standardisation vis-‘a-vis the Delphi method. The study’s main limitations arise out of the limited numbers of rounds conducted that leave room for increasing the consensus levels for adaptation options as well as the missing interactions between the panellists that could have further added to the findings. Based on the findings the study provides three actionable policy recommendations to support the process of SLR international standardisation – (1) develop a consistent global language for SLR adaptation strategies and measures, including a classification of these measures, (2) raise awareness about the significance of standardisation in SLR adaptation among the world-wide community of stakeholders in this field, (3) establish a global platform for sharing appropriate SLR information usable across various adaptation measures. The study concludes with acknowledging that SLR adaptation global standards so developed need to be flexible and adaptive in order to incorporate location-specific considerations for each of the adaptation measures.Engineering and Policy Analysi
Model Development for Investigation of Localized Defects in Taper Roller Bearings Using Matrix Method of Dimensional Analysis
No full textAbstractCatastrophic failures of the rotating machineries can be avoided by tracing the faults generated in the rolling contact bearings used for supporting these machines and are important sources of noise, vibration as well as sudden stoppage of the entire production or interruption of processes. A generalized model is developed using Matrix Method of Dimensional Analysis (MMDA) to establish dimensionless correlation between the response and consequence parameters for the assessment of localized surface defects in the different components of taper roller bearings tested on a developed test rig. Response surface methodology (RSM) is employed for the experimentation and to explore the dependence of various factors on the vibrations of these bearings. A numerical analysis performed in the study showed the effectiveness of MMDA model along with frequency domain scrutiny of the vibration data for detection of localized bearing defects
Blood pressure variability and structural brain changes: a systematic review
No full textData source: Supplementary data, https://links.lww.com/HJH/B917Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) has been linked with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms by which BPV affects cognition are unclear. This systematic review aims to assess the links between different BPV measures and white and grey matter structures. Methods and results: The following databases were searched from inception through to January 2021; EMBASE, MEDLINE, EMCARE and SCOPUS. Studies that reported on the relationship between within-individual BPV (short, medium or long-term variability) or a circadian blood pressure (BP) measurement and MRI assessed brain structures were included. Overall, 20 studies met the criteria and were included, of which 11 studies looked at short-term BPV, eight articles investigated visit-to-visit BPV and one study looked at a compositional BPV measurement. Due to heterogeneity in study samples, meta-analysis was not possible. Across the included studies, associations between MRI indices and BP dipping patterns were mixed; higher long-term BPV and higher sleep systolic BPV was found to be associated with lower whole brain volume and hippocampal volume. Conclusion: Increased BPV, in particular systolic long-term and systolic night-time BPV, appears to be associated with lower brain volume and hippocampal volume. This highlights the adverse effect that increased BPV has upon the brain, potentially contributing to cognitive decline, including dementia, in late-life.Gutteridge, Daria S., Tully, Phillip J., Ghezzi, Erica S., Jamadar, Sharna, Smith, Ashleigh E., Commerford, Toby, Keage, Hannah A.D
THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURE AND SELF-PERCEPTION ON THE MENTAL HEALTH CARE-SEEKING INTENTIONS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
No full textMental health issues are common among young adults, especially those attending colleges and universities. There has been a growing concern related to the number of unmet mental health concerns for students and the potential ramifications associated with this unmet need. Studies show that approximately 17% of college students experience a mental health concern, yet only 20% of those with a concern obtain mental health care services. One’s upbringing and background are known to influence decision making and are thus likely to play a role in decisions to seek mental healthcare; however, these norms can vary across cultures. In addition, depending on how one perceives the state of their own mental health, their intentions towards service utilization may be altered. The influence of culture and self-perception on intentions to seek mental health services were examined within this study. Results showed that students were more likely to recommend formal, professional, mental health treatments for their friend rather than themselves, even if symptoms were identical, X2 (1, N = 861) = 96.67, p < 0.001. However, the study did not indicate any significant relationship between background and likelihood to recommend formal treatment options, X2 (1, N = 422) = .549, p = .459, nor attitudes towards seeking professional psychological care, t(832) = -0.592, p = 0.554, d = 0.091. Identification of specific barriers preventing individuals from obtaining formal treatment warrants future research and will aid in development of future direction in how to provide care-services to diverse university populations
Statistical Software Applications and Statistical Methods Used In Community Medicine and Public Health Research Studies
No full textBackground: The utilization of software in statistical methods and tools has increased very much in last two decades. The easily availability of statistical application software on internet, made easy to analyse, interpretation and conclude the study variables.
Aim and Objectives: To know the statistical software applications and various statistical methods used in the community medicine and public health research studies.
Materials & Methods: A cross sectional retrospective study, We had included online community medicine and public health journals of four years (2017 to 2020).By cluster sampling method were used and each cluster includes articles of four different year, 400 randomly selected research articles were downloaded & reviewed. The data was analysed by using SPSS version 23.
Results: 400 articles were reviewed. 317 (79.25%) were used Ms-Excel software followed by 261 (65.25%) descriptive statistics and 145(36.25%) SPSS and 143 (35.75%) applied cross sectional study design. 91 (22.75%) applied chi-square test, 77(19.25%) applied ANOVA test. 59(14.75%) t-tests. Only 41(10.25%) articles were reported with confidence intervals.
Conclusion: The current study reveals, Microsoft excels, and SPSS and R-programming were more frequently using software in the community medicine and public health, whereas descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, t-tests and non-parametric tests were commonly using statistical methods
Current standards of surgical management of gastric cancer: an appraisal.
No full textPURPOSE
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and portends a grim prognosis due to a lack of appreciable improvement in 5-year survival. We aimed to analyze the available literature and summarize the current standards of surgical care for curative and palliative intent treatment of GC.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic search on the PubMed database for studies on the management of GC.
RESULTS
Endoscopic resection is an acceptable treatment option for T1a tumors. The role of optimal resection margin for GC remains unclear. D2 lymph node dissection remains the standard of care with splenectomy needed selectively for splenic hilum involvement. A distal pancreatic resection should be avoided. The advantage of bursectomy and omentectomy in GC surgery is not clear. Multi-visceral resection may be considered for locally advanced GC in carefully selected patients. Minimally invasive approaches are non-inferior to open surgery. Surgery should be abandoned prior even in metastatic GC within the frame of multimodal therapy approach.
CONCLUSION
Various trials have conclusively shown improved patient outcomes when well-established surgical standards are followed
Effect of fenofibrate in comparison to metformin on the biophysical and biochemical parameters in diabetic albino wistar rats
No full textIntroduction: Diabetic endothelial dysfunction is accompanied by increased oxidative stress and upregulated proinflammatory and inflammatory mediators in the endothelial vasculature. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α) results in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fenofibrate, a PPAR-α activator, on the oxidative stress, inflammation and its anti-oxidant effect in streptozotocin diabetic rats and to compare the effectiveness of FF with that of Metformin (Met). Material & Methods: This experimental animal study was conducted at animal house. The sample size included 174 albino wistar rats divided into 3 Groups, one control groups (C )Diabetic and untreated and two test groups .T1 -Diabetic and treated with metformin 75 mg/kgwt/day) and T2 (T – Diabetics treated with fenofibrate 100 mg/kgwt/day), with 58 rats in each group (29 male & 29 female). All the rats were treated with streptozotocin intra peritoneally and the diabetic state was induced. T1 group was treated with metformin 75 mg/kg/wt/day. The T2 group of rats were treated with Feno fibrate (FF) at a dose of 100 mg/kgwt/day. 
