393 research outputs found
Hydrological and environmental issues of interbasin water transfers in India: a case of the Krishna River Basin
Get PDFRiver basins / Water transfer / Environmental effects / Dams / Reservoirs / Water resources development / Irrigation requirements / Case studies / India / Krishna River / Godavari River
Shifting waterscapes: explaining basin closure in the Lower Krishna Basin, South India
Get PDFRiver basins / Ecosystems / Protective irrigation / Irrigation programs / Water transfer / Water distribution / Water allocation / Groundwater depletion / Aquifers / Water scarcity / Water use / Drought / India / Lower Krishna Basin / Godavari Basin / Nagarjuna Sagar Project / Kolleru Lake
Design of solar and energy storage systems fed reduced switch multilevel converter with flower pollination optimization
Get PDFIn the present situation, the growing use of power electronic devices and non-linear loads has led to power quality (PQ) issues, including harmonics and poor power factor, which adversely affect the distribution network. This study contributes a design of shunt active power filter, powered by solar energy and energy storage systems, to address these PQ issues. To minimize losses, a five-level reduced-switch voltage source converter has been considered. Additionally, a neural network-based reference signal generation method is used, eliminating the need for conventional synchronous reference frame and active-reactive power theories, along with their complex abc and alpha beta 0 transformations. This work also includes the optimal selection of the shunt filter and the gain parameters for the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller used in the shunt and battery control system. These parameters, along with the weights and biases of the neural network, are optimally determined using a nature-inspired flower pollination optimization algorithm. The proposed system has three primary objectives: (1) stabilizing the voltage across the DC bus capacitor, (2) reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) and improving the power factor (PF), and (3) ensuring the power management under the varying irradiation and load conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed system is evaluated through three testing scenarios, with results compared to conventional SRF and pq methods using a proportional-integral controller (PIC). The analysis reveals that the THD for the case studies is 3.32 %, 2.93 %, and 3.98 %, significantly lower than the other techniques compared. Additionally, the PF is nearly at unity, with a lower settling time of 0.05 s for the DC bus voltage
The lower Krishna Basin trajectory: relationships between basin development and downstream environmental degradation
Get PDFRiver basin development / Lakes / Environmental degradation / Ecosystems / Mangroves / Water allocation / Groundwater / Water quality / Salinity / Irrigated farming / Institutions / Irrigation canals / Rural development
Neural Architecture Search Benchmarks: Insights and Survey
Get PDFNeural Architecture Search (NAS), a promising and fast-moving research field, aims to automate the architectural design of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to achieve better performance on the given task and dataset. NAS methods have been very successful in discovering efficient models for various Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, etc. The major obstacles to the advancement of NAS techniques are the demand for large computation resources and fair evaluation of various search methods. The differences in training pipeline and setting make it challenging to compare the efficiency of two NAS algorithms. A large number of NAS Benchmarks to simulate the architecture evaluation in seconds have been released over the last few years to ease the computation burden of training neural networks and can aid in the unbiased assessment of different search methods. This paper provides an extensive review of several publicly available NAS Benchmarks in the literature. We provide technical details and a deeper understanding of each benchmark and point out future directions.This article is published as Chitty-Venkata, Krishna Teja, Murali Emani, Venkatram Vishwanath, and Arun K. Somani. "Neural Architecture Search Benchmarks: Insights and Survey." IEEE Access 11 (2023): 25217 - 25236.
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3253818.
Copyright 2023 The Author(s).
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
Posted with permission
Synergies between the dynamics of the immune response of T cells and the variable structure control paradigm
Get PDFIL-4-secreting CD4+ T cells are crucial to the development of CD8+ T-cell responses against malaria liver stages.
No full textCD4+ T cells are crucial to the development of CD8+ T cell responses against hepatocytes infected with malaria parasites. In the absence of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells initiate a seemingly normal differentiation and proliferation during the first few days after immunization. However, this response fails to develop further and is reduced by more than 90%, compared to that observed in the presence of CD4+ T cells. We report here that interleukin-4 (IL-4) secreted by CD4+ T cells is essential to the full development of this CD8+ T cell response. This is the first demonstration that IL-4 is a mediator of CD4/CD8 cross-talk leading to the development of immunity against an infectious pathogen
Myocardial performance index is better than ejection fraction as a predictor of postoperative adverse cardiac events.
No full textEfficient development of plasmodium liver stage-specific memory CD8+ T cells during the course of blood-stage malarial infection.
No full textImmunity to Plasmodium liver stages in individuals in malaria-endemic areas is inextricably linked to concomitant blood-stage parasitemia. Although Plasmodium sporozoite infection induces measurable CD8+ T cell responses, the development of memory T cells during active erythrocytic infection remains uncharacterized. Using transgenic T cells, we assessed antigen-specific effector CD8+ T cell responses induced by normal (NorSpz) and radiation-attenuated (IrrSpz) Plasmodium yoelii sporozoites. The magnitude, phenotypic activation, and differentiation pathway of CD8+ T cells were similarly induced by NorSpz and IrrSpz. Moreover, in normal mice, memory T cells elicited after priming with NorSpz and IrrSpz generated identical recall responses after a heterologous boost strategy. Furthermore, these recall responses exhibited comparable in vivo antiparasite activity. Our results indicate that sporozoites that retain their infective capacity induce memory CD8+ T cells that are robustly recalled by secondary immunization. Thus, erythrocytic infection does not preclude the establishment of memory CD8+ T cell responses to malarial liver stages
Priming of CD8+ T cell responses following immunization with heat-killed Plasmodium sporozoites.
No full textProtective immune responses against malaria are induced by immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium sporozoites. In contrast, non-viable, heat-killed sporozoites do not induce protection, emphasizing the requirement for live parasites to achieve effective immune responses. Using an experimental system with CD8+ T cells from T cell receptor-transgenic mice, we analyzed the primary CD8+ T cell responses elicited by heat-killed inactivated sporozoites. We found that the numbers of specific CD8+ T cells induced were much lower compared to when immunizing with attenuated sporozoites; however, the kinetics of activation and the phenotype of these T cells were similar in both groups. Despite their low frequency after priming, high numbers of specific CD8+ T cells were observed after boosting with a recombinant vaccinia virus. Upon induction of the recall response, the same level of protection was observed when either heat-killed or attenuated sporozoites were used for priming. We propose that live parasites are not critical for the induction of memory T cell populations against the malaria liver stages
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