59 research outputs found
Toward a New Paradigm for Author Name Disambiguation
No full textAuthor Name Disambiguation (AND) has emerged as a significant challenge in the bibliometric context with the growing volume of scientific literature. When citations written by different authors have the same names (polysemy or homonym names), and when an author has different names, there is ambiguity (synonyms or name variants). It is difficult to associate a citation with the correct author. Polysemy and synonyms cause merging and splitting anomalies in the citations. These anomalies affect the quantification of an author’s productivity (bibliometric analysis) and the reliability and quality of the information retrieved. Many techniques for AND have been proposed in the literature; most of them do not go beyond string matching or text matching. Most of the existing work do not consider the context or semantics of the terms used in the citations. In this study, the AND problem is resolved semantically using the deep learning technique on the PubMed dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves overall (11.72 %, 12.5 %, and 12.1 %) higher precision, recall, and f-measure than the pairwise class classification
Caries prevalence among secondary school children in Riyadh and Qaseem
No full textAuthor: AlDosari, Abdullah M, Associate Professor, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and
Diagnostic Dental Sciences
Author: Wyne, Amjad H, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Preventive Dental Sciences
College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSAThe aim of this study was to describe the caries prevalence and severity in secondary school children in Riyadh and Qaseem regions
and, to correlate caries experience with fluoride levels in the drinking water. A total of 734, 15- to 19-year-old (Mean 16.4, SD 1.2 years) secondary school children from areas of various water fluoride levels were examined in Riyadh (236 male and 193 female) and
Qaseem (163 male and 142 female), utilizing theWorld Health Organization (WHO) criteria for the diagnosis of dental caries. Results
showed the prevalence of dental caries as 91.1%in Riyadh and 90.5% in Qaseem. The mean DMFT score in Riyadh was 7.35 (SD 4.99), with D component of 6.28,Mcomponent of 0.32 and F component of 0.75. The mean DMFT score in Qaseem was 7.05 (SD 4.58) with D component of 6.02, M component of 0.46 and F component of 0.56. The overall data showed no significant difference ( > 0.05) in mean DMFT scores at various fluoride levels. However, low values of DMFT were found in two fluoride zones (0.61 - 0.80 ppm and 0.81 - 1.50 ppm). It was concluded that the caries prevalence was very high among the students studied in Riyadh and Qaseem regions.
However, there was no linear correlation between the caries experience and water fluoride level in both Riyadh and Qaseem regions
Hydraulic simulations to evaluate and predict design and operation of the Chashma Right Bank Canal
No full textIrrigation systems / Irrigation canals / Flow control / Velocity / Canal regulation techniques / Hydraulics / Simulation models / Design / Operations / Crop-based irrigation / Distributary canals / Water delivery / Policy / Protective irrigation / Water allocation / Water requirements / Sedimentation / Water distribution / Equity / Water conveyance / Pakistan / Chashma Right Bank Canal
Investigation of the interaction between corticomuscular coherence, motor precision and perceived difficulty in wrist flexion and extension
No full textIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.Recently, behavioural (motor precision) differences were reported between isometric wrist flexion and extension. Neurophysiological as well as clinical differences have also been reported between these antagonistic movements. Corticomuscular coherence (CMC), i.e. the frequency specific temporal coupling between the electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) recorded during isometric force production, reflects the functional connectivity between cortex and muscle. A single muscle (flexor digitorum superficialis) study suggests a positive correlation between 15-35 Hz (beta) CMC and motor precision of the muscle. Yet, no study has simultaneously compared CMC and motor precision between wrist flexion and extension. Task perceived difficulty, which is a perceptual variable, may influence both motor precision and CMC, but has not been studied yet. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the interaction between CMC, motor precision and perceived difficulty in isometric wrist flexion and extension tasks
The safety and effectiveness of different methods of ear wax removal: a systematic review and economic evaluation
No full textEar wax (cerumen) is a natural secretion produced to protect the inner ear from dirt and other fragments by moving these particles towards the outer ear. If this process does not happen properly, wax may build up causing blockage in the ear canal and the possibility of impaction. People with a build up of ear wax may suffer from hearing loss, discomfort and, on occasions, infection. It may present problems in assessing hearing, blocking the view of the ear drum during medical examination and interfering with the fitting or function of hearing aids. Although it is thought to affect between 2% and 6% of the population in the England and Wales, some groups may be at a higher risk, such as those using hearing aids or with small ear canals and/or skin conditions. Recurrence is thought to be high among some of these groups. The consequences of the build up of ear wax in the ear canal are thought to be a common reason for consultation and cost in general practice with over 2 million consultations per year in the NHS.Methods of removal of ear wax include drops, flushing with water in general practice, and removal with suction or probes in specialist clinics. The relative safety and benefits of these different methods of removal remains uncertain. This research will systematically review published and unpublished evidence on the clinical and cost effectiveness of different methods for the removal of ear wax. Where appropriate, it will develop an economic model using data from this systematic review and other relevant sources to estimate the relative costs and benefits of different methods. In addition, the project will provide recommendations for future research to try to help answer any remaining areas of uncertainty
The use of coarser taxonomic resolution in studies of predation on marine sedimentary fauna
No full textGiven the logistical difficulties, cost, and time involved in species-level identifications, several authors have proposed the use of coarser taxonomic resolution (e.g. family, order) in studies of pollution. The use of surrogates instead of species relies on their sufficiency to detect community responses to the pollution gradient without appreciable loss of information. No studies, however, have applied this approach to experimental studies such as community responses to predation disturbance and evaluated the performance of surrogates at the spatial scales typical of experiments. We addressed both problems by analyzing the results of three predation experiments carried out in Bonne Bay, Newfoundland. We pooled species data into coarser taxonomic categories (family to class) and determined whether effects of predation that were evident at the species level were also evident with the use of each coarser surrogate and increasing data transformation. Our results indicate that non-transformed data at the family level represent a reasonable surrogate of species; however, the ability to discriminate between ambient and (predator) manipulated sediments is gradually lost with data transformation and with the pooling of species into coarser taxonomic categories. Successive data transformation indicates that in this system predation plays a strong role oil dominant but not necessarily rare species. Moreover, our results suggest that varying reliability of surrogates precludes the identification of a single general level of taxonomic sufficiency to be used in experimental studies. The use of surrogates, therefore, is suggested only after scrutiny and evaluation, and should be limited to preliminary studies where biodiversity has been well described. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.PT: J; CR: AMJAD S, 1983, MAR POLLUT BULL, V14, P178 BOWMAN MF, 1997, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V54, P1802 CLARKE KR, 1994, CHANGES MARINE COMMU DAUVIN JC, 2003, MAR POLLUT BULL, V46, P552 DEFEO O, 2004, AQUAT CONSERV, V14, P65 ELLIS D, 1985, MAR POLLUT BULL, V16, P459 FERRARO SP, 1995, ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM, V14, P1031 FROST TM, 1992, ECOLOGICAL INDICATOR, V1, P215 GIANGRANDE A, 2000, AQUAT CONSERV, V13, P451 GOMEZGESTEIRA JL, 2000, MARINE POLLUTION B, V40, P1017 GRAY JS, 1988, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V46, P151 GRAY JS, 2001, SCI MAR S2, V65, P41 HUTCHINGS P, 1998, BIODIVERS CONSERV, V7, P1133 JAMES RJ, 1995, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V118, P187 KARAKASSIS I, 2002, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V227, P125 KEMP WM, 2001, SCALING RELATIONS EX, P3 KING RS, 2002, J N AM BENTHOL SOC, V21, P150 KRASSULYA N, 2001, CBMS SKRIFTSERIE, V3, P131 LASIAK T, 2003, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V250, P29 MAURER D, 2000, MAR POLLUT BULL, V40, P98 MAY RM, 1990, NATURE, V347, P129 MISTRI M, 2001, J MAR BIOL ASSOC UK, V81, P339 NARAYANASWAMY BE, 2003, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V257, P59 OLAFSSON EB, 1994, OCEANOGR MAR BIOL, V32, P65 OLSGARD F, 1997, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V149, P173 OLSGARD F, 1998, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V172, P25 OLSGARD F, 2000, J AQUAT ECOSYST STRE, V7, P25 OLSGARD F, 2003, BIODIVERS CONSERV, V12, P1033 PAGOLACARTE S, 2001, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V212, P13 PEARSON TH, 1978, OCEANOGR MAR BIOL AN, V16, P229 PRANCE GT, 1994, PHILOS T ROY SOC B, V345, P89 QUIJON PA, 2005, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V285, P137 QUIJON PA, 2005, OECOLOGIA, V144, P125 RAKOCINSKI CF, 1997, ECOL APPL, V7, P1278 SCHOCH GC, 2001, INTERTIDAL BIOTA PUD SNELGROVE PVR, 1999, BIOSCIENCE, V49, P129 SOMERFIELD PJ, 1995, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V127, P103 SOMERFIELD PJ, 1995, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V127, P113 SOMERFIELD PJ, 2000, MAR BIOL, V136, P1133 SOMERFIELD PJ, 2002, J ANIM ECOL, V71, P581 TERLIZZI A, 2003, MAR POLLUT BULL, V46, P556 VANDERKLIFT MA, 1996, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V136, P137 WARWICK RM, 1988, MAR ECOL-PROG SER, V46, P181 WARWICK RM, 1988, MARINE ECOLOGY PROGR, V46, P167 WARWICK RM, 1993, AUST J ECOL, V18, P63; NR: 45; TC: 0; J9: J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL; PG: 10; GA: 022MCSource type: Electronic(1
Determination of Credit Programme Participation and Socioeconomic Characteristics of Beneficiaries:Evidence from Sargodha
No full textIn Pakistan about 65 percent population live in rural areas. The rural credit markets are segmented and imperfect. Micro -credit is considered as a valuable technique to deal with imperfections of credit markets. In this study, we analysed rural credit market of District Sargodha, Pakistan to study the socio economic characteristics of the beneficiaries and identify the determinants of participation in credit programme in the year 2004-2005. To analyse characteristic the descriptive analysis was used. For identifying the factors affecting household access to credit and participation in programme, a binary Logistic regression model was employed. Results of both analyses showed that at household level, participation in credit programme was significantly related to household characteristics, where participants were indifferent to increase in rate of interest. More than 80 percent loan came from informal sector but the probability of participation significantly increased if there existed any formal financial institution.
PSYCHONET 2: contextualized and enriched psycholinguistic commonsense ontology
No full textPsychoNet 1 has demonstrated the feasibility of integrating psycholinguistic taxonomy, represented in LIWC,
and its semantic textual representation in the form of commonsense ontology, represented in ConceptNet.
However, various limitations exist in PsychoNet 1, including the lack of concluding context of the concept
annotation. In this paper, we address most of those limitations and introduce a new enhanced and enriched
version, PsychoNet 2. PsychoNet 2 utilizes WordNet, in addition to LIWC and ConceptNet, to produce an integrated
contextualized psycholinguistic ontology. The first and the main contribution is that, in PsychoNet 2,
each concept is annotated by the potential (most representative) contextual psycholinguistic categories, rather
than all applicable categories. The second contribution is the enrichment of LIWC through utilizing WordNet.
This in fact produced an enriched version of LIWC that may also be used independently in other applications.
This has contributed to substantial enrichment of PsychoNet 2 as it facilitated including additional number of
concepts that were not included in PsychoNet 1 due to lack of corresponding words in the original LIWC. A
sample application of text classification, for a mood prediction task, is presented to demonstrate the introduced
enhancements. The results confirm the improved performance of the new PsychoNet 2 against PsychoNet 1
Trust-Enhanced Lightweight Security Framework for Resource-Constrained Intelligent IoT Systems
No full textThe prompt expansion of IoT devices necessitates advanced security frameworks to protect data integrity, confidentiality, and availability in resource-constrained environments. Traditional security solutions are often resource-intensive for IoT devices with limited computational power and energy resources. This study addresses these inadequacies by proposing a novel approach formulated to such constraints. This study propose the Trust-Enhanced Lightweight Security Framework (TELSF), integrating two novel components: the Adaptive Lightweight Encryption Algorithm (ALEA) and the Trust-Aware Data Protection Model (TADPM). ALEA employs dynamic key generation through a lightweight hash function, ensuring unique and regularly updated encryption keys based on device context and behavior. TADPM enhances this framework by continuously assessing device trustworthiness through direct interactions, aggregated feedback from neighboring devices, and contextual parameters such as location and device capabilities. Performance evaluations demonstrate that TELSF significantly enhances security and operational efficiency, reducing computational overhead by 18%, improving energy efficiency by 20%, and increasing data transmission security by 10% compared to existing solutions.This work was supported by Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Authors are thankful for the support. The author, Fahad F. Alruwaili, would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at Shaqra University for supporting this researchhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1081611
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