83 research outputs found
Comparing Inception V3, VGG 16, VGG 19, CNN, and ResNet 50: A Case Study on Early Detection of a Rice Disease
No full textRice production has faced numerous challenges in recent years, and traditional methods are still being used to detect rice diseases. This research project developed an automated rice blast disease diagnosis technique based on deep learning, image processing, and transfer learning with pre-trained models such as Inception V3, VGG16, VGG19, and ResNet50. The public dataset consists of 2000 images; about 1200 images belong to the leaf blast class, and 800 to the healthy leaf class. The modified connection-skipping ResNet 50 had the highest accuracy of 99.75% with a loss rate of 0.33, while the other models achieved 98.16%, 98.47%, and 98.56%, respectively. Furthermore, ResNet 50 achieved a validation accuracy of 99.69%, precision of 99.50%, F1-score of 99.70, and AUC of 99.83%. In conclusion, the study demonstrated a superior performance and disease prediction using the Gradio web application
Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Fluctuation, Root Zone Salinity And Water Productivity of Sugarcane: A Case Study In Lower Chenab Canal System of Pakistan
No full textImpact of climate in Pakistan is certain and its impact assessment is essential for the evaluation of irrigation system. In this study, impact of climate change on groundwater, root zone salinity and eventually on water productivity was assessed. Climate change data were assessed using the Hadley Climate model version 3 (HadCM3) and statistical downscaling was performed using statistical downscaling (SDSM) model. Further, bias correction was applied for the enhancement of SDSM results. Soil Water Atmosphere Plant (SWAP) model was used for the analysis of groundwater recharge, root zone salinity and water productivity under changing climate. Soil moisture and root zone salinity data were collected from the field for the performance of the calibration and validation. Automatic calibration was performed by integrating the SWAP with PEST. Water productivity analysis was performed for base period (1980-2010) and midcentury (2040-2069) under A2 and B2 climate change scenarios. Results shows that the groundwater depletion was less under the A2 and B2 scenario during the midcentury as compared to base period. Average annual groundwater depletion variation reveals 142 mm to 143 mm during base period and 121 mm to 124 mm under A2 and 117 mm to 120 mm under B2 scenario, respectively. While, average annual root zone salt accumulation was found 28 mgcm-3 to 21 mgcm-3 during base period and 26 mgcm-3 to 19 mgcm-3 under A2 and 27 mgcm-3 to 21 mgcm-3 under B2 scenario. Similarly, average annual water productivity was found 3.9 kgm-3 to 4 kgm-3 during base period, 3.4 kgm-3 to 3.6 kgm-3 under A2 and 3.2 kgm-3 to 3.4 kgm-3 under B2 scenario. Study reveals that the climate change has positive impact on the groundwater recharge and root zone salt accumulation. The results related with water productivity, salt mass accumulation and groundwater variations under changing climate suggest that sugarcane will be profitable business in future and environment will be sustainable
Estimation of Canal Water Deficit Using Satellite Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study in Lower Chenab Canal System
No full textThe timely precise information of land use land cover (LULC) in the canal command area can help in managing irrigation water according to the crop water requirement. A study was conducted to map the LULC of irrigated command area of three distributaries in the lower Chenab canal system, Pakistan, namely Mungi, Killianwala and Khurrianwala for the estimation of canal water deficit (CWD). Multispectral images of LANDSAT-7 were used for Rabi season of 2009–2010 and 2010–2011. Normalized difference vegetation index-based unsupervised classification was performed for the formation of LULC of the commands area. During the initial classification, totally nine clusters were created with maximum likelihood. These clusters were then merged into final four classes on the basis of field knowledge. Accuracy assessment was performed using error matrix; producer and user accuracies were estimated for each class with overall accuracy of 84% and 86% for the Rabi season 2009–2010 and 2010–2011, respectively. For the assessment of the irrigation water demand,
potential evapotranspiration was estimated using the Penman–Monteith equation. Crop water requirement was estimated based on the 10-day Kc value of the mapped crop from the LULC. Irrigation water demand for cropped area was estimated from the LULC and crop evapotranspiration. Canal water deficit was estimated from the available canal water supply and irrigation water requirement in the Rabi season. During the Rabi seasons, average CWD was 64%, 72% and 32% (2009–2010) and 33%, 46% and 36% (2010–2011) for Khurrianwala, Killianwala and Mungi distributary, respectively
Framework for E-Health Systems in IoT-Based Environments
No full textInternet of things technology consists of physical objects that are accessible via the Internet, for example, devices, vehicles, and buildings. Internet of things technology is used to connect these physical objects by utilizing the existing infrastructure of networks. A unique identifier is assigned to identify the objects in IoT environments. Internet of things technology is used to make productive decisions on the sensed data after converting it into information. IoT technology is being used in various life disciplines, such as smart health services delivery, smart traffic management, border management, and governmental control. There is no single standard for IoT technology; thus, interoperability between IoT devices that use different protocols and standards is required. This research was carried out to provide and develop a specialized framework for an IoT-based smart health system by focusing particularly on interoperability problems. Based on different technology standards and communication protocols, the specific requirements of the IoT system were analyzed and served as a basis for the design of the framework. The protocols and standards within the framework utilize existing web technologies, communication protocols, and hardware design. This approach ensures that the specific expectations of the proposed model can be fulfilled with confidence. The experiments showed that interoperability between different IoT devices, standards, and protocols in a smart health system could be achieved using a specialized gateway device and that different web technologies could be used simultaneously in constrained and Internet environments.</jats:p
Effect of time pressure and human judgment on decision making in three public sector organizations of Pakistan
No full textThis study attempts to widen the effect of time pressure and human judgment on decision making. A census of three organizations named Project Management Organization (PMO), Accountant General Pakistan Revenues (AGPR) and Controller General of Accountant (CGA) was occupied. To demeanor this study a questionnaire tagged Decision Making, Time Pressure and Human Judgment was used for the assortment of data. The questionnaire was predominantly designed to accomplish the objectives of the study. The total number of observations was eighty two and the Arithmetic Mean Score of decision making, time pressure and human judgment were 2.532, 2.527 and 2.395 respectively. The significance level of the model was 0.000 which illustrates maximum significant level. As p-value is less than .05 so it can be assumed that the variables elected for the study are decidedly significant
Bioresorbable vascular scaffold versus metallic stent in percutaneous coronary intervention: results of the AIDA trial
No full textUsing left ventricular assist devices in advanced heart failure patients
No full textAdvanced Heart Failure (AHF) is a complex syndrome that affects the physiology of the heart to maintain efficient blood circulation resulting in multiorgan failure and, eventually, death. Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) have become the cornerstone therapy for AHF patients, both as a bridge to transplantation and as a decisive therapy. Recently the results of the MOMENTUM 3 Trial were published. The trial compared HeartMate 3 LVAD with HeartMate II LVAD in a randomized trial in The Multicenter Study of MagLev Technology in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Circulatory Support Therapy with HeartMate 3 (MOMENTUM 3). Of 366 patients, 190 were assigned to the centrifugal-flow pump group (HeartMate 3) and 176 to the axial-flow (HeartMate II) pump group. In the intention-to-treat population, the primary end point occurred in 151 patients (79.5%) in the centrifugal-flow pump group, as compared with 106 (60.2%) in the axial-flow pump group (P < 0.001 for noninferiority). Reoperation for pump malfunction was less frequent in the centrifugal-flow pump group than in the axial-flow pump group (P < 0.001).The results of the MOMENTUM 3 Trial are a big achievement in the cardiovascular world. Any improvement in LVADs that reduces the risk of stroke, perhaps the most feared complication of these devices, would be meaningful. Besides, given the observed lower rate of pump thrombosis and reoperation for pump malfunction, it already seems likely that the HeartMate 3 will supplant the HeartMate II in clinical practice. In addition, the risks that are associated with reoperation undoubtedly counterbalanced any unintentional bias in performing that intervention
Bioresorbable vascular scaffold versus metallic stent in percutaneous coronary intervention: results of the AIDA trial
No full textDrug-eluting stents have significantly improved the long-term outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by decreasing the excessive growth of neointima. However, conventional stents have some limitations. PCI with a bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) has emerged as an alternative since the presence of the prosthesis in the coronary artery is transient. A US Food and Drug Administration advisory panel of experts recommended approval of BVS based on the analysis of its risks and rewards in July 2016. In June 2017, the preliminary results of the Amsterdam Investigator-initiateD Absorb Strategy All-comers (AIDA) trial were released. This randomized controlled trial compared an everolimus-eluting BVS with an everolimus-eluting metallic stent in the context of routine clinical practice. The preliminary results revealed no significant difference in target-vessel failure when BVS was compared with metallic stenting. However, during the 2 years of follow-up, BVS was associated with a higher rate of device thrombosis. This is seen as an important development in the trial. There are some concerns regarding stent thrombosis and the restoration of real vessel functionality in the long term. For these reasons, for now, metallic stents remain the treatment of choice for PCI
Deep Desulphurization Study of Liquid Fuels Using Acid Treated Activated Charcoal as Adsorbent
No full textThe current study addresses the improved desulphurization activity of activated charcoal modified by acetic acid treatment. The modified activated charcoal was investigated as an adsorbent for the elimination of sulfur compounds from the model oil (consisting of dibenzothiophene (DBT) dissolved in cyclohexane) as well as real oil samples including kerosene and diesel oil. In the case of model oil, about 99.5% of DBT was removed under conditions optimized in the laboratory, which included 15 mL feed (model oil) volume, 0.8 g of adsorbent, 60°C temperature, stirring speed of 100 rpm, and contact time of 1 h under neutral pH. In the case of real oil samples, i.e., kerosene and diesel oil, sulfur removal of 78.69% and 74.29% was attained under optimized conditions, respectively. Experimental results were interpreted through model adsorption isotherms, which indicated that the adsorption process is in close agreement with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm in comparison to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The spent adsorbents were regenerated to view their repeated use, simply by washing separately with organic solvents such as toluene, acetonitrile, methanol, and chloroform. Among these, toluene was found to be the best solvent for the regeneration of the spent adsorbents. The regenerated adsorbents were reused and regenerated for six consecutive regeneration cycles.Department of Bio-chemistry Institute of Chemistry UNESPInstitute of Chemical Sciences University of PeshawarDepartment of Environmental Sciences University of PeshawarDepartment of Bio-chemistry Institute of Chemistry UNES
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