66 research outputs found
Causes and Manifestations of the Perceived Behavioral Issues of Adolescents A Case Study of Learners in Secondary Schools Islamabad
No full textThe study aims to comprehend the adolescents’ behavioral issues and their impact on their physical and emotional
life. The theory of socialized anxiety and adolescents has been applied to this study which conceptually analyzes
the anxiety and behavioral issues of the students. The qualitative and quantitative approach was utilized in the study and adolescent
students were the targeted sample. However, for qualitative study, the teachers and parents of the adolescents were also selected for
focus group discussions. The study finds that the mood of adolescents frequently changes even in the school environment. It was also
found that adolescents do not share their emotions and problems with their parents, though they prefer their teachers and friends.
The study recommends that the gap between the parents and the adolescents must be reduced so that the adolescents could perform
more effectively and efficiently in the school environment and their social life
Jirga and Sharitization: An Analysis of Maraka in District Karak
No full textThis paper aims at analyzing the traditional processes of conflict resolution in Pukhtoon society. The institution under study is Jirga an essential element of Pukhtunwali. By using Karak district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as a case study, this paper explores Maraka a form of Jirga that dispenses justice at a local level on the basis of Pukhtunwali and Shariah. This study found that the current conflict in the region has significant implications for the institution of Maraka in terms of its structure, composition and dispensation of justice. In most of the Jirgas Ulama (religious clerics) are considered to be an essential part of it. The inclusion of Ulama is making this institution vulnerable to shariatization. A significant number of decisions are taking place on the basis of locally interpreted Shariah law. The
paper argues that this trend of shariatization of this institution leads to the weakening of the social relations in the area
Fracture toughness and failure mechanism of high performance concrete incorporating carbon nanotubes
No full textCement and concrete composites are inherently brittle and exhibit very less tensile/flexural strength capacity as compared to their compressive strength. Use of thoroughly dispersed carbon nanotubes in the concrete matrix is one of the possible solution for enhancing mechanical properties in tension/flexure. In the present research work, small fractions of multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) i.e. 0.05 and 0.10 wt% of cement have been integrated into the cement concrete to study their effect on the mechanical properties of the resultant concrete mixtures. The enhanced performance of the whole mix lies on a single point that MWCNTs must be thoroughly disperse in the mixture. Hence, special arrangement through usage of high energy sonication along with amended acrylic based polymer (performing as a surfactant) was made to have a uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in the concrete mix. The testing of concrete samples includes i.e., flexure, splitting tensile and compressive strengths after 3, 7, 28 and 56 days of curing. After having comparison with the control mix cured for 28 days, it was observed that the addition of 0.05 wt% MWCNTs increased the splitting tensile strength by 20.58%, flexural strength by 26.29% and compressive strength by 15.60%. Through above results, which verify the increase in concrete mix strength after adding MWCNTs, these MWCNTs may be incorporated in the treatment of Nano/micro cracks completed through process of connecting, branching and pinning. Similarly, as proved in threepoint bending tests, MWCNTs also enhances the breaking strains as well as the fracture energy of the concrete mixes, besides, imparting increase to the strength. The investigations have shown that incorporating lesser amounts of MWCNTs i.e., 0.05 and 0.10 wt% of cement to the concrete mixes after insuring there complete dispersion, unusually improve their properties like mechanical strengths and fracture behavio
Data-driven classification and explainable-AI in the field of lung imaging
No full textDetecting lung diseases in medical images can be quite challenging for radiologists. In some cases, even experienced experts may struggle with accurately diagnosing chest diseases, leading to potential inaccuracies due to complex or unseen biomarkers. This review paper delves into various datasets and machine learning techniques employed in recent research for lung disease classification, focusing on pneumonia analysis using chest X-ray images. We explore conventional machine learning methods, pretrained deep learning models, customized convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and ensemble methods. A comprehensive comparison of different classification approaches is presented, encompassing data acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification using machine vision, machine and deep learning, and explainable-AI (XAI). Our analysis highlights the superior performance of transfer learning-based methods using CNNs and ensemble models/features for lung disease classification. In addition, our comprehensive review offers insights for researchers in other medical domains too who utilize radiological images. By providing a thorough overview of various techniques, our work enables the establishment of effective strategies and identification of suitable methods for a wide range of challenges. Currently, beyond traditional evaluation metrics, researchers emphasize the importance of XAI techniques in machine and deep learning models and their applications in classification tasks. This incorporation helps in gaining a deeper understanding of their decision-making processes, leading to improved trust, transparency, and overall clinical decision-making. Our comprehensive review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking not only to advance the field of lung disease detection using machine learning and XAI but also from other diverse domains
Students’ Attitude towards Patient-Centered Care: A Comparative Study between Traditional and Integrated Curriculum
No full textNot Availabl
Linguistic Variation across Research Sections of Pakistan Academic Writing: A Multidimensional Analysis
No full textWith the concept of language variation, it has become utmost important to analyze linguistic patterns across register. Pakistani academic writing like other registers in Pakistan is an area that still seeks the attention of the researchers and linguists. This target register needs to be fully described in terms of linguistic characteristics to strengthen the distinct identity of Pakistani academic writing as a register. The present research strives to explore linguistic variation across research sections of Pakistani academic writing as a register along with five new textual dimensions explored through the technique of Multidimensional analysis (Azher & Mehmood, 2016). The research is based on the corpus of 235 M. Phil and PhD research dissertations taken from different universities all over Pakistan. The corpus was further divided into five research sections and was tagged for 189 linguistic features. The ANOVA results on variation among research sections indicate that there lie statistically significant differences among research sections of Pakistani Academic Writing on all the new textual dimensions.</jats:p
Association between emotional intelligence and professionalism in medical students: The Compassion-competence nexus
No full textBackground and objective: In medical education, the challenging constructs of emotional intelligence and professionalism are increasingly being addressed worldwide and seem to share common characteristic components. The objective of this study was to determine the association between emotional intelligence and professionalism as perceived and self-reported by medical students and to explore the gender difference in these two variables.Methods: It is a cross-sectional study of eight months duration, from February-September 2019, that included final year medical students at Dow Medical College through convenience sampling. The participants completed the self-reporting questionnaires of trait emotional intelligence and modified professionalism mini evaluation exercise. Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to determine the association between the emotional intelligence and professionalism scores. Independent T test was used to determine the gender difference for these two variables.Results: Emotional Intelligence and professionalism scores were found to be positively and significantly correlated with moderate strength of association (r =0.412). There was no significant difference of emotional intelligence and professionalism scores of males and females.Conclusions: Increase in emotional intelligence is associated with the increase in professionalism among medical students
Determining the future direction of Curriculum reform process at a Public-Sector University in Saudi Arabia.
No full textIntroduction: Educational institutions have recognised the importance of evaluating academic curricula to keep up with dynamic changes in the field of medical education. The college of medicine at King Khalid University has acknowledged this trend and embarked on reviewing its curriculum.
Objectives: To evaluate the undergraduate medical curriculum using SPICES model of curriculum evaluation as a tool with the view to plan and shape future curriculum reforms at the college of medicine, King Khalid University.
Methodology: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted eliciting the responses of faculty members and the departmental chairmen regarding the practice of student centred, integrated and non-traditional teaching methods as well as a separate questionnaire for the quality of problem-based learning in practice. The compiled responses from all the respective departments were statistically analysed subsequently.
Results: An average of 43.5% of student-centred learning (SCL), 41% of Integrated teaching (IT) and 19% of Non-traditional teaching (NTT) is being employed in different departments of the college of medicine.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the college of medicine is currently carrying out traditional teacher centred, discipline based and information-oriented teaching along with small chunks of student centred, integrated and problem-based teaching methods. Although the problem-based learning is proportionately very small in practice but in general, its quality is better in the clinical departments as compared to the basic sciences departments.
Key words: Curriculum evaluation, curriculum review, medical education, educational strategie
Difference equations related to majorization theorems via Montgomery identity and Green’s functions with application to the Shannon entropy
No full textIn this paper we give generalized results of a majorization inequality by using extension of the Montgomery identity and newly defined Green’s functions (Mehmood et al. in J. Inequal. Appl. 2017(1):108, 2017). We obtain a generalized majorization theorem for the class of n-convex functions. We use Csiszár f-divergence and generalized majorization-type inequalities to obtain new generalized results. We further discuss our obtained generalized results in terms of the Shannon entropy and the Kullback–Leibler distance. © 2020, The Author(s)
Majorization inequalities via Green functions and Fink’s identity with applications to Shannon entropy
No full textThis paper is devoted to obtain generalized results related to majorization-type inequalities by using well-known Fink’s identity and new types of Green functions, introduced by Mehmood et al. (J. Inequal. Appl. 2017:108, 2017). We give a generalized majorization theorem for the class of n-convex functions. We utilize the Csiszár f-divergence and generalized majorization-type inequalities in providing the corresponding generalizations. As an application, we present the obtained results in terms of Shannon entropy and Kullback–Leibler distance. © 2020, The Author(s)
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