53 research outputs found
Adaptation as a Strategic Issue in the Climate Negotiations. CEPS ECP Reports. No. 3, 9 November 2006.
No full textThis report examines the challenge of adequately addressing adaptation to climate change impacts in developing counties by means of international collaboration, and the reasons why it is in the interest of industrialised countries, including the EU, to do so. This is a topic that has been gaining prominence on the agenda of the international climate change negotiations under the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as well as in other international forums. After analysing different approaches to the problem of adapting to climate change and reviewing current efforts to adapt to climate change, the report puts forward a range of options. The lead author, Sivan Kartha is Senior Scientist at the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI). Preety Bhandari is a researcher at The Energy & Resource Institute (TERI), New Delhi. Louise Van Schaik is a Fellow at the Netherlands Institute of International Relations 'Clingendael' in The Hague. Deborah Cornland is Director of the Climate Change Policy Research Programme (CLIPORE) at the Swedish foundation MISTRA. And Bo Kjellén is Senior Research Fellow at the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI)
Who Was Egeria? Piety and Pilgrimage in the Age of Gratian
No full textIt has been customary to identify the author of theItinerarium Egeriae (It. Eg.)as a nun or a “grande dame” from one of the western provinces of the later Roman empire—Spain, Gaul, or even Italy. Yet, a reexamination of the evidence suggests the possibility of a different solution regarding not only the author's religious affiliation and status in society but also her geographical origin. The newly proposed identification is linked with major developments of Christianity in the West, in particular with its spread within urban milieux and with the receptivity of contemporary society to the idea of pilgrimage.</jats:p
Effective Electron Temperature Measurement Using Time-Resolved Anti-Stokes Photoluminescence
No full textAnti-Stokes photoluminescence of metal nanoparticles, in which emitted photons have a higher energy than the incident photons, is an indicator of the temperature prevalent within a nanoparticle. Previous work has shown how to extract the temperature from a gold nanoparticle under continuous-wave monochromatic illumination. We extend the technique to pulsed illumination and introduce pump-probe anti-Stokes spectroscopy. This new technique enables us not only to measure an effective electron temperature in a gold nanoparticle (∼103 K under our conditions), but also to measure ultrafast dynamics of a pulse-excited electron population, through its effect on the photoluminescence, with subpicosecond time resolution. We measure the heating and cooling, all within picoseconds, of the electrons and find that, with our subpicosecond pulses, the highest apparent temperature is reached 0.6 ps before the maximum change in magnitude of the extinction signal.QN/Kuipers La
An Analysis of Language Style in the Song "Youth"
No full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze and describe the language style contained in the lyrics of the song "youth" sung by Troye Sivan in the Blue Neighbourhood Album. With this research, the author hopes that readers will increase their knowledge about the study of stylistics. In addition, this research is expected to be useful to add to the study of discourse in the field of literature, especially about language styles and types of language styles. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis, and the research technique used is literature study. After conducting research, the author can conclude that there are 5 types of language styles from a total of 12 types of language styles proposed by Arp and Johnson in his book Sound and Sense: An Introduction to Poetry (2002). The following are the details of the data that have been found in this study, namely: (a) hyperbole as much as 2 data (16.7%), (b) personification as much as 1 data (8.3%), (c) synechdoche as much as 2 data (16.7%), (d) paradox as much as 3 data (25%), (e) symbol as much as 1 data (8.3%). The most dominating use of language style is paradoxical language style as much as 3 data with a percentage of 25%, and the least is hyperbole and symbol language style as much as 1 data each with a percentage of 8.3%. Paradoxical language style is the most dominant language style found in the lyrics of the song "Youth". The use of this language style aims to give a deep meaning and give a poetic effect to the lyrics sung by Troye Sivan
Evidence for microbial iron reduction in the methanic sediments of the oligotrophic southeastern Mediterranean continental shelf
No full text© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Vigderovich, H., Liang, L., Herut, B., Wang, F., Wurgaft, E., Rubin-Blum, M., & Sivan, O. Evidence for microbial iron reduction in the methanic sediments of the oligotrophic southeastern Mediterranean continental shelf. Biogeosciences, 16(16), (2019): 3165-3181, doi: 10.5194/bg-16-3165-2019.Dissimilatory iron reduction is probably one of the oldest types of metabolisms that still participates in important biogeochemical cycles, such as those of carbon and sulfur. It is one of the more energetically favorable anaerobic microbial respiration processes and is usually coupled to the oxidation of organic matter. Traditionally this process is thought to be limited to the shallow part of the sedimentary column in most aquatic systems. However, iron reduction has also been observed in the methanic zone of many marine and freshwater sediments, well below its expected zone and occasionally accompanied by decreases in methane, suggesting a link between the iron and the methane cycles. Nevertheless, the mechanistic nature of this link (competition, redox or other) has yet to be established and has not been studied in oligotrophic shallow marine sediments. In this study we present combined geochemical and molecular evidences for microbial iron reduction in the methanic zone of the oligotrophic southeastern (SE) Mediterranean continental shelf. Geochemical porewater profiles indicate iron reduction in two zones, the uppermost part of the sediment, and the deeper zone, in the layer of high methane concentration. Results from a slurry incubation experiment indicate that the deep methanic iron reduction is microbially mediated. The sedimentary profiles of microbial abundance and quantitative PCR (qPCR) of the mcrA gene, together with Spearman correlation between the microbial data and Fe(II) concentrations in the porewater, suggest types of potential microorganisms that may be involved in the iron reduction via several potential pathways: H2 or organic matter oxidation, an active sulfur cycle, or iron-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane. We suggest that significant upward migration of methane in the sedimentary column and its oxidation by sulfate may fuel the microbial activity in the sulfate methane transition zone (SMTZ). The biomass created by this microbial activity can be used by the iron reducers below, in the methanic zone of the sediments of the SE Mediterranean.This study was supported by the joint grant of Israel Science Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (ISF-NSFC) (grant numbers 31661143022 (FW) and 2561/16 (OS)). Funding was provided to Hanni Vigderovich by the Mediterranean Sea Research Center of Israel
Principal Component Analysis and Clustering of Cassava Germplasm based on N and K Efficiency
No full textThe present study was undertaken at ICAR-CTCRI, Sreekaryam to identify and group N and K efficient genotypes from a pool of released varieties, pre-breeding lines and elite landraces of cassava during 2021-2022. Thirty genotypes of cassava were evaluated for their diversity based on N and K efficiency along with some of its contributing plant characters using statistical tools like principal component analysis, and dendrogram clustering. The variation existing among the selected genotypes was observed through PCA, where the first six principal components accounted for nearly 81% of the total variability. Characters like tuber yield, plant height, stem girth, tuber length and tuber girth contributed to the greater variability among the genotypes. The dendrogram analysis classified the genotypes into six clusters based on the 18 parameters contributing to nutrient use efficiency. The proportion of the variance accounted by these clusters came up to the extent of 50% displaying the association of the genotypes with similar characters in these clusters. These analyses helped to realize the wide range of variability existing among the selected genotypes for the 18 characters studied. A simple correlation was also worked out between N and K use efficiency with root traits, which revealed that characters such as weight of storage roots, number of storage roots, and number of basal roots showed a positive correlation with both N and K use efficiency in cassava
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