286 research outputs found
Arithmetica Oder Rechen-Buch Von allerhand Bürgerlicher Ampts- un[d] Hauß-Rechnung : Uff der weitberühmten Stadt Braunschweig Müntz Maas und Gewicht / Vor angehende Rechenschüler mit fleiß gestellet Durch Gebhard Overheyden ... Buchhalter daselbst im Hagen
No full textKompetenzbereich Bewertung – Reflektieren für begründetes Entscheiden und gesellschaftliche Partizipation
No full textIschemic stroke across sexes: What is the status quo?
No full textStroke prevalence is expected to increase in the next decades due to the aging of the Western population. Ischemic stroke (IS) shows an age- and sex-dependent distribution in which men represent the most affected population within 65 years of age, being passed by post-menopausal women in older age groups. Furthermore, a sexual dimorphism concerning risk factors, presentation and treatment of IS has been widely recognized. In order to address these phenomena, a number of issue have been raised involving both socio-economical and biological factors. The latter can be either dependent on sex hormones or due to intrinsic factors. Although women have poorer outcomes and are more likely to die after a cerebrovascular event, they are still underrepresented in clinical trials and this is mirrored by the lack of sex-tailored therapies. A greater effort is needed in the future to ensure improved treatment and quality of life to both sexes
[Nature experience and mental health in children-theoretical approaches and selected empirical findings
No full textGebhard U. Naturerfahrung und seelische Gesundheit bei Kindern – theoretische Ansätze und ausgewählte empirische Befunde. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz. 2023;66:803–810.The widely documented beneficial effects of children's experiences with nature make it plausible to assume that an environment close to nature also has apositive effect on health in childhood, that is, that it can also contribute to health maintenance and prevention. The findings on health-promoting effects of nature are remarkable and are accentuated and theoretically substantiated here with afocus on mental health.The basis is aso-called three-dimensional personality model, according to which mental development is not only afunction of the subject's relationship to other people, but also to the world of things, including nature. In addition, three explanatory approaches for the health effects of nature experiences are outlined: (1)the anthropologically based "Stress Recovery Theory," (2)the "Attention Restoration Theory," and (3)the assumption that nature as asymbolic storehouse for self- and world interpretations can accompany the meaning constitution of the subjects ("Therapeutic Landscapes").The health effects of accessible open spaces close to nature are discussed, whereby the state of research for adults is much richer than for children. With regard to mental health or its influencing variables, the following dimensions are elaborated with empirical results: stress reduction, antidepressant and mood enhancing effects, prosocial behavior, attention and ADHD, cognitive development, self-esteem and self-regulation, nature experience, and exercise. From asalutogenetic perspective, nature does not have adeterministic effect on health, but rather, in asense, an incidental effect when open spaces close to nature are accessible and used. This casualness of the effect of nature experiences has to be considered in possible therapeutic or educational interventions. © 2023. The Author(s)
Testing psychometric properties of the CFT 1-R for students with special educational needs
No full textHeine J-H, Gebhard M, Schwab S, Neumann P, Gorges J, Wild E. Testing psychometric properties of the CFT 1-R for students with special educational needs. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling. 2018;60(1):3-27
The Role of Monetary Aggregates in the Policy Analysis of the Swiss National Bank
No full textUsing Swiss data from 1983 to 2008, this paper investigates whether growth rates of the different measures of the quantity of money and or excess money can be used to forecast inflation. After a preliminary data analysis, money demand relations are specified, estimated and tested. Then, employing error correction models, measures of excess money are derived. Using recursive estimates, indicator properties of monetary aggregates for inflation are assessed for the period from 2000 onwards, with time horizons of one, two, and three years. In these calculations, M2 and M3 clearly outperform M1, and excess money is generally a better predictor than the quantity of money. Taking into account also the most (available) recent observations that represent the first three quarters of the economic crisis, the money demand function of M3 remains stable while the one for M2 is strongly influenced by these three observations. While in both cases forecasts for 2010 show inflation rates inside the target zone between zero and two percent, and the same holds for forecasts based on M3 for 2011, forecasts based on M2 provide evidence that the upper limit of this zone might be violated in 2011.stability of money demand, monetary aggregates and inflation
Genetic and biochemical characterisation of plasmid vesicles & other virus-like elements in Archaea
No full textPlasmid vesicles (PVs) are a novel class of vesicles that cross the divide
between horizontal gene transfer in extracellular vesicles and targeted trans-
fer of nucleic acids by selfishly replicating viruses. The archaeal plasmid
pR1SE is enclosed and propagated through PVs containing both host-de-
rived and plasmid-encoded proteins. PVs thus display a distinct morphology
compared to the extracellular vesicles produced concurrently by the host.
Infection of plasmid-free host cells occurs without direct cell-to-cell contact.
Dissemination by PVs has only been described for the pR1SE plasmid to
date. Its unique characteristics separate it from previously described dissem-
ination mechanisms of other non-viral mobile genetic elements. This virus-
like lifestyle supports the evolutionary connections between viruses and plas-
mids and marks PVs out as potential evolutionary precursors to viruses.
This dissertation is part of a continued effort to characterize pR1SE and PVs
to better understand this unique interaction between cells and mobile genetic
elements. In Chapter I, I describe our successful improvement of the genetic
system in Halorubrum lacusprofundi, the only currently known producer of
PVs. This system allowed detailed investigations into the PV life cycle by the
deletion of targeted genes in the host, as demonstrated in the following chap-
ters. We showed that PV stability is negatively affected (Chapter II) when
the host machinery responsible for the posttranslational modification of pro-
teins with polysaccharides is impaired. Detailed tracking of intracellular
pR1SE replication and PV production after infection of a new host revealed
strong similarities between the infection cycles of pR1SE and actively repli-
cating viruses infecting the same host. This research was expanded to the
analysis of the lipid composition of vesicles produced by Hrr. lacusprofundi,
and comparison to a related organism Haloferax volcanii (Chapter III).
We showed that the vesicles of both organisms are selectively enriched in
specific lipid species. This suggests common patterns of physical processes
at the cell membrane during the formation of vesicles and membrane-envel-
oped viruses in halophilic archaea. Chapter III also includes a description of
the archaeal vesiculating GTPase enzyme, which is a critical component of
the vesicle formation machinery in H. volcanii. Based on this work, we could
show that deletion of this gene also alters the extracellular vesicle formation
in Hrr. lacusprofundi (Chapter IV). Finally, we also confirmed that PV pro-
duction is independent of the machinery of GTPase-driven production of ex-
tracellular vesicles by the host.
The results presented in this dissertation provide valuable new insights into
the life cycle and host dependency of PVs and set them into a broader con-
text with the vesicles that are produced with PVs, and the viruses that infect
the same organism. This allows us to better consider the position pR1SE
occupies within the total diversity of mobile genetic elements and provides a
potential template for future research into unique mobile genetic elements in
archaea
Particle impact on γ-titaniumaluminide alloys
No full textTiAl-Legierungen zählen zu den Hoffnungsträgern im Triebwerksbau. Aufgrund ihrer geringen Dichte bei gleichzeitig guter Hochtemperaturfestigkeit sind sie prädestiniert für Leit- oder Laufschaufeln im Triebwerk. Allerdings weisen sie eine geringe Schadenstoleranz auf, so dass sie besonders für typische Schäden im Triebwerk durch Partikeleinschlag (Impact) anfällig sind. Diese Eigenschaft hat sich als ein starkes Hindernis für ihren Einsatz erwiesen. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll daher das Schadensbild, verursacht durch Partikel-Impact, analysieren, die Einflussfaktoren auf eine solche triebwerkstypische Schädigung identifizieren und die Auswirkungen auf das mechanische Verhalten von TiAl-Legierungen beleuchten.TiAl alloys are very promising candidates for high-temperature applications in gas turbines as turbine blades or vanes due to their low density and their good high temperature strength. However, they show a limited damage tolerance and, therefore, are prone to impact damage caused by small particles. So far, this proved to be a strong barrier for gas turbine applications. The aim of the present work is to analyse the damage caused by typical particle impacts representative for gas turbine conditions as well as to study the factors influencing the damage and the effects on the mechanical behaviour of TiAl alloys
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