6 research outputs found
Comparative clinical evaluation of buprenorphine versus morphine as adjuvant to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block for upper limb surgery
No full textBackground: The supraclavicular brachial plexus block with local anesthetics is one of the most commonly used regional nerve block technique for upper limb surgeries being to their high success rate and ability to provide prolonged postoperative pain relief. Opioid has been used as an adjuvant to prolong analgesia with local anesthetic. Aim: Aim of study to evaluate the quality and duration of postoperative analgesia by adding buprenorphine and morphine to local anesthetic solution. Method: A prospective, observational study was conducted on 60 healthy patients of ASA grade I and II of age group 18-45 years scheduled for upper limb surgery under supraclavicular brachical plexus block. Patients were allocated into two groups, 30 in each group. Group BB (buprenorphine group) received: 0.5% Bupivacaine 20 ml + 3μg/kg Buprenorphine + 10ml normal Saline. Group BM (morphine group) recieved: 0.5% Bupivacaine 20ml + 75 μg/kg Morphine + 10ml normal Saline. The parameters observed were onset and duration of sensory and motor block, quality and duration of analgesia and side-effects. Result: The mean duration of postoperative analgesia was significantly longer in group BB (20.6±2.11hrs) than in group BM (13.03±1.32hrs). There was no difference between two groups on mean onset of sensory and motor block. The mean duration of sensory block was significantly longer in group BB (539.67±13.22min) than in group BM (312±9.38min) with p<0.05. The mean duration of motor block was insignificant The mean duration of motor block was also significantly longer in group BB (310.67±15.42min) than in group BM (178±9.79min) with p<0.05. Conclusion: Addition of 3μg/kg buprenorphine to 0.5% buprenorphine for supraclavicular brachical plexus block prolonged duration of postoperative analgesia and sensory blockade than morphine without an increase in side effects
Comparative clinical evaluation of intrathecal bupivacaine heavy, bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate and bupivacaine with neostigmine for infraumbilical surgeries – A clinical study
No full textAn observational study to evaluate dexmedetomidine and preservative free ketamine for epidural analgesia for lower limb orthopaedics surgery
No full textBackground: The technique of epidural anesthesia and analgesia have become widespread following their introduction and acceptance by the patients in surgical and obstetric practice. Adjuvants to bupivacaine have been used to enhance good quality perioperative and postoperative anesthesia and analgesia. Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of post operative analgesia after epidural dexemedetomidine and preservative free ketamine for lower limb orthopaedics surgery. Method: This prospective, single centre, observational study includes 60 patients of ASA grade 1 and 2 for lower limb orthopaedics surgeries. Each group was given 14 mg 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine via spinal anaesthesia. Group A received bolus dose 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine diluted to 5 mL in normal saline (NS) and Group B received bolus dose 0.5 mg/kg ketamine diluted to 5 mL in NS through epidural catheter. The epidural infusion was started 1 h after starting surgery. Group A received bupivacaine 0.125% with dexmedetomidine (1 μg/mL) and Group B received bupivacaine 0.125% with PF ketamine (0.5 mg/mL). Result: Time of receding of sensory and motor blockade was more with dexmedetomidine than with preservative free ketamine (p<0.05). Also the requirement of rescue analgesia needed is less with dexmedetomidine (2.2±0.52) than with ketamine (3.4 ±0.47) and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Dexmeditomedine was to be more effective and superior as compared to preservative free ketamine as an adjuvant to enhance effect of bupivacaine for epidurals
Effects of solvents in the depolymerization of lignin into value-added products: a review
No full textThe depolymerization of lignin to produce renewable value-added building block chemicals has received increased attention from both industry and academia, as its facilitation is a key in the development of future biorefinery technologies. The main challenge in lignin depolymerization relies on its complex structure. Numerous efforts have shown that catalysts, solvents, reaction parameters, and physiochemical properties of lignin significantly affect the depolymerization reaction of lignin. Solvents are crucial components of the reaction system and affect the performance of the lignin depolymerization process. A good solvent can promote the solubility of lignin and enhance the catalyst–lignin interactions, and could also stabilize the reactive intermediates. However, the relationship and dependence of the molecular structure of lignins with its solubility and reactivity in different solvents are poorly understood. Thus, it is important to understand the influence of solvents on the reaction mechanism, the thermodynamic state of lignin, intermediates, products, and catalysts’ stability. In this article, various solvents used in the depolymerization of different types of lignin reactions are extensively overviewed. Special attention is paid to comparing the conversion of lignin, yield of bio-oil, and yield of monomers in the presence of different polarity-categorized solvents and binary solvents. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Unconventional powder method is a useful technique to determine the latent fingerprint impressions
No full textBackground: Fingerprint development techniques are being used for a long time and are considered one among the oldest methods in forensic science used to identify suspects. Fingerprints are one of the most significant types of physical evidence. There are various types of fingerprint patterns such as visible, plastic and latent. In criminal investigation cases, chance fingerprint impressions are mostly found at the crime scene. These prints are generally invisible and therefore require several development methods. The powder dusting technique of developing fingerprints involves the application of fine powder on the impression of the print with the help of a brush such as glass fiber or a camel hair brush. Main text: This paper rather focuses on various unconventional powder methods than the widely used conventional ones. This will help identify other cheaper, non-toxic powders that are commonly available as an alternative to the expensive, toxic ones. The author’s main aim is to provide a collective review of the work of other scientists in order to identify everyday materials, commonly available that can be used as possible means to develop a fingerprint impression. Conclusion: For a better result, the unconventional powder is used on different surfaces i.e. porous, non-porous, and semi-porous for latent fingerprint impressions. After developing impressions on different surfaces, we conclude our result that unconventional powder is very useful. 
Assessing usability of full-body immersion in an interactive virtual reality environment
No full text2020 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.Improving immersion and playability has a direct impact on the effectiveness of certain Virtual Reality applications. This project looks at understanding how to develop an immersive soccer application with the intention to measure skills, particularly for the use of assessment and health promotion. This project will show the requirements to create a top-down immersive experience with commodity devices. The particular system serves the simulation of a soccer training environment to evade opponents, pass to teammates, and score goals with the objective of measuring the difficulty of single, double, and triple tasks. It is expected that the performance will go down as the level of tasks increases. This hypothesis is extremely relevant as it provides a system that could serve as an assessment tool for people with concussions to return to play (with an OK by a physician) or to promote exercise to non-athletes. This thesis provides all the necessary steps to explain the high-level details of highly immersive applications while providing a future-path for human-subject experiments
