586 research outputs found
The Effect of Organizational Innovation and Information and Communications Technology on Firm Performance
No full textA key lesson from the U.S. literature on the impact of ICT on productivity is that ICT can only be effective if appropriate organizational structures are in place. This article by Surendra Gera of Industry Canada and Wulong Gu of Statistics Canada provides Canadian evidence to support this view. Using the Workplace and Employee Survey, the authors find evidence that firms that implement organizational changes and introduce ICT have a higher incidence of productivity improvement, increased sales and profits, and product and process innovation than firms that do not follow this path. Their findings suggest that to be successful firms typically need to adopt ICT as part of a system or cluster of mutualy reinforcing organizational approaches.Productivity Growth, Productivity, Information and Communication Technologies, Information Technology, Firm-level, Firm Performance, Human Capital, Training, Management Practices, Organization, Organizational Change, Organizational Innovation, Process Innovation, Innovation
International Mobility of Highly-Qualified People in APEC
No full textAn important aspect of the global knowledge-based economy is the emergence of a new trend where certain groups of highly-qualified workers have become increasingly mobile internationally. Reaching the goal of being more innovative economy requires that the highly-qualified workforce is of sufficient quantity and quality to support the expansion of innovative activities by firms. Many industrialized countries compete strategically in attracting these workers. It is necessary that the economic policy discussion surrounding the international mobility of skilled labour must take into consideration the wide variety of ways the migration of labour affects the economy. Numerous drivers, policy and non-policy induced, are at work. Attention must now turn towards the links between these movements and the regulating institutions; the performance in the trade of goods and services, FDI, human capital formation and multinational enterprises location, and income convergence among countries. This paper focuses on four key issues: First, it examines the global trends in the international migratory flows of highly qualified persons (HQPs), focusing on APEC economies. Second, it discusses the fundamental non-policy drivers of the increased HQP flows in the new global economy. Third, it reviews the literature on the economic costs and benefits associated with cross-country movement of HQPs and the main factors conditioning these costs and benefits. Finally, it addresses the question of how policy in APEC economies has adjusted or should adjust to the increased international HQP mobility.International migration, Skilled workers, Labour mobility
THE SCIENCE OF SPEECH: DEVELOPING A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL FOR DIGITAL COMMUNICATION AND ITS RAMIFICATIONS FOR AUTHOR IDENTIFICATION IN CYBERSECURITY
No full textGreat strides have been made in identifying an author on the web by analyzing keystroke input, even down to determining what operating system the person was writing on at the time. Likewise, studying the author’s semantics and syntax provides helpful clues as to the identity of the author and whether or not the author is attempting to commit a forgery of some kind. However, most parse trees focus on either the human, or the machine, side of the Human-Machine Interface (HMI). Incorporating both sides of the HMI better accounts for the unique digital signature every web author creates by analyzing stylometry and keystroke dynamics. This research could be instrumental not only in finding malicious actors on the web, but also in distinguishing humans from machines by the way they use words. Thus, combining typing times with part-of-speech (POS) tags demonstrates crucial differences in where authors are likely to spend the most time in sentence composition.Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.CivilianSFShttp://archive.org/details/thescienceofspee109456489
Effet des innovations organisationnelles et des technologies de l'information sur le rendement des entreprises
No full textDans ce document, on vise a determiner si les investissements dans les technologies de l'information et des communications, combines a des changements organisationnels et aux competences des travailleurs, contribuent a ameliorer le rendement des entreprises canadiennes.Business and government Internet use, Information and communications technology, Innovation, Labour, Science and technology, Workplace organization, innovation, performance
The Knowledge-Based Economy: Shifts in Industrial Output
No full textThis paper analyses industrial structure in Canada over the period 1971 to 1991 using Statistics Canada's input-output model and explores more closely the role played by the "new economy" industries, those industries where innovation through the uses of knowledge, technology, and skills is the key to generating growth. The conclusions indicate that Canadian industrial structure is becoming increasingly knowledge-based and technology- intensive, with competitive advantage being rooted in innovation and ideas, the foundations of the new economy. While in the past domestic demand mainly influenced the growth of industries, trade is becoming much more important. High-knowledge industries in the tradable sector seem to have benefited the most from export performance; import competition has hastened the relative decline of low-knowledge industries.
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