6 research outputs found
Table_1_Tongguan Capsule Mitigates Post-myocardial Infarction Remodeling by Promoting Autophagy and Inhibiting Apoptosis: Role of Sirt1.DOCX
No full textLeft ventricular (LV) adverse remodeling and the concomitant functional deterioration contributes to the poor prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Thus, a more effective treatment strategy is needed. Tongguan capsule (TGC), a patented Chinese medicine, has been shown to be cardioprotective in both humans and animals following ischemic injury, although its precise mechanism remains unclear. To investigate whether TGC can improve cardiac remodeling in the post-infarct heart, adult C57/BL6 mice underwent coronary artery ligation and were administered TGC or vehicle (saline) for 6 weeks. The results demonstrated that the TGC group showed significant improvement in survival ratio and cardiac function and structure as compared to the vehicle group. Histological and western blot analyses revealed decreased cellular inflammation and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes of the TGC group. Furthermore, TGC upregulated the Atg5 expression and LC3II-to-LC3I ratio but downregulated autophagy adaptor p62 expression, suggesting that TGC led to increased autophagic flux. Interestingly, with the administration of 3-methyladenine, an autophagy inhibitor, in conjunction with TGC, the aforesaid effects significantly decreased. Further mechanistic studies revealed that TGC increased silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) expression to reduce the phosphorylation of the mammalian target of rapamycin and its downstream effectors P70S6K and 4EBP1. Moreover, the induction of Sirt1 by TGC was inhibited by the specific inhibitor EX527. In the presence of EX527, TGC-induced autophagy-specific proteins were downregulated, while apoptotic and inflammatory factors were upregulated. In summary, our results demonstrate that TGC improved cardiac remodeling in a murine model of MI by preventing cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis but enhancing autophagy through Sirt1 activation.</p
Delinquency and reputational orientations of adolescent at-risk and not-at-risk males and females
No full textThis research investigated differences in delinquent activities and the reputational orientations of at-risk and not-at-risk male and female adolescents. Initially, we sought to establish that adolescent males and females differed in these respects. This was found to be the case: males (n = 722) scored significantly higher than females (n = 738) on seven self-reported delinquency variables and on eight reputation enhancement variables pertaining to social deviance, non-conforming reputation, and power/evaluation private identity. When a sample of 31 at-risk females was subsequently pair-wise age matched with 31 not-at-risk females, at-risk females scored significantly higher on all delinquency variables other than school misdemeanors. These at-risk females also scored significantly higher on four reputation enhancement variables relating to social deviance and non-conformity. Given that at-risk females did not differ from their not-at-risk counterparts in level of involvement in school misdemeanors, we sought to determine whether this was also the case for at-risk and not-at-risk males. An age-matched sample of 91 pairs revealed that at-risk males reported significantly higher involvement than not-at-risk males in all aspects of delinquency, including school misdemeanors. They also sought a more non-conforming reputation. To explore the relationships between delinquency and reputation enhancement, a canonical correlation analysis was performed. All findings are discussed in the light of reputation enhancement theory. © 2008 Taylor & Franci
Hydrogen generation from alcohols catalyzed by ruthenium-triphenylphosphine complexes : multiple reaction pathways
No full textWe report a comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) study of the mechanism of the methanol dehydrogenation reaction catalyzed by [RuH2(H2)(PPh3)3]. Using the B97-D dispersion-corrected functional, four pathways have been fully characterized, which differ in the way the critical beta-hydrogen transfer step is brought about (e.g., by prior dissociation of one PPh3 ligand). All these pathways are found to be competitive (Delta G double dagger = 27.0-32.1 kcal/mol at 150 degrees C) and strongly interlocked. The reaction can thus follow multiple reaction channels, a feature which is expected to be at the origin of the good kinetics of this system. Our results also point to the active role of PPh3 ligands, which undergo significant conformational changes as the reaction occurs, and provide insights into the role of the base, which acts as a "co-catalyst" by facilitating proton transfers within active species. Activation barriers decrease on going from methanol to ethanol and 2-propanol substrates, in accord with experiment.Peer reviewe
sj-docx-2-pie-10.1177_09544089221101370 - Supplemental material for Influence of processing and microstructure on the corrosion behavior of ultrafine grained Al 5083 alloy
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-pie-10.1177_09544089221101370 for Influence of processing and
microstructure on the corrosion
behavior of ultrafine grained
Al 5083 alloy by Dharmendra Singh, Palukuri Nageswara Rao and
Chandra Shekhar Rajoria, Jaiprakash Bhamu, Sunkulp Goel,
Sunil J Raykar, Kuldeep K Saxena, Rangaswamy Jayaganthan in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221101370 - Supplemental material for Influence of processing and microstructure on the corrosion behavior of ultrafine grained Al 5083 alloy
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221101370 for Influence of processing and
microstructure on the corrosion
behavior of ultrafine grained
Al 5083 alloy by Dharmendra Singh, Palukuri Nageswara Rao and
Chandra Shekhar Rajoria, Jaiprakash Bhamu, Sunkulp Goel,
Sunil J Raykar, Kuldeep K Saxena, Rangaswamy Jayaganthan in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
Nanolamellar Tantalum Interfaces in the Osteoblast Adhesion
No full textThe design of topographically patterned surfaces is considered to be a preferable approach for influencing cellular behavior in a controllable manner, in particular to improve the osteogenic ability of bone regeneration. In this study, we fabricated nanolamellar tantalum (Ta) surfaces with lamellar wall thicknesses of 40 and 70 nm. The cells attached to nanolamellar Ta surfaces exhibited higher protein adsorption and expression of β1 integrin, as compared to the nonstructured bulk Ta, which facilitated the initial cell attachment and spreading. We thus, as expected, observed significantly enhanced osteoblast adhesion, growth, and alkaline phosphatase activity on nanolamellar Ta surfaces. However, the beneficial effects of nanolamellar structures on osteogenesis became weaker as the lamellar wall thickness increased. The interaction between cells and Ta surfaces was examined through adhesion forces using atomic force microscopy. Our findings indicated that the Ta surface with a lamellar wall thickness of 40 nm exhibited the strongest stimulatory effect. The observed strongest adhesion force between the cell-attached tip and the Ta surface with a 40 nm thick lamellar wall encouraged the much stronger binding of cells with the surface and thus well-attached, -stretched, and -grown cells. We attributed this to the increase in the available contact area of cells with the thinner nanolamellar Ta surface. The increased contact area allowed the enhancement of the cell surface interaction strength and, thus, improved osteoblast adhesion. This study suggests that the thin nanolamellar topography shows immense potential in improving the clinical performance of dental and orthopedic implants
