2,541 research outputs found
Association between early career nurses’ social jetlag, affect, depression, and quality of life
No full textBackground: Social jetlag in nurses is a long-standing challenge for nursing management. It has been attributed to the effects of shift work that disrupts nurses circadian rhythms, may be detrimental to their health, and can lead to rapid turnover. Aim: We aimed to identify the association between social jetlag, affect, depression, and quality of life of early career nurses. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 201 early career nurses at three tertiary hospitals in South Korea were included. Data were collected from May to July 2018. Social jetlag, affect, depression, and quality of life were measured using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (shift version), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (Korean version), and the Korean World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (abbreviated version), respectively. Findings: Participants mean overall social jetlag and quality of life scores were 4 hours 28 minutes and 80.21, respectively. Multiple regression analyses identified overall social jetlag, positive and negative affect, and depression as factors influencing the nurses quality of life. Discussion: Understanding the implications of factors affecting early career nurses quality of life, including social jetlag, is vital to ensure staff retention. Nursing management should consider the individual social jetlag of nurses when scheduling shifts and accordingly create institutional human resources management strategies to reduce negative affect and depression while promoting positive affect in early career nurses. Conclusion: Social jetlag, negative affect, and depression negatively impact early career nurses quality of life, whereas positive affect positively impacts their quality of life.Y
Social jetlag and quality of life among nursing students: A cross‐sectional study
No full textAims To investigate chronotype categories and social jetlag among nursing students and to identify associations between rhythm asynchrony and participants' physical and psychological health, academic performance and quality of life. Background Social jetlag refers to the asynchrony between chronotypes and social working hours, resulting in a misalignment of biological and social time. Recent studies have reported possible changes in psychosocial functioning owing to social jetlag. Therefore, the present study investigated chronotypes and the extent of social jetlag among nursing students. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 with a sample of 346 nursing students in two universities in Korea. Methods Social jetlag and quality of life were measured with the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire and the abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, respectively, in the year 2015. Data analysis was mainly based on a multiple regression to identify social jetlag's influence on students' quality of life. Results Average social jetlag was 1 hr - 36 min. Social jetlag was negatively correlated with chronotype, academic performance and quality of life. A multiple regression analysis revealed that social jetlag, a positive emotional state, recovery resilience and depressive symptoms affected students' quality of life. These variables accounted for 41.7% of the variance in quality of life. Conclusions Results suggest that decreases in social jetlag and depressive symptoms, as well as increases in the positive emotional state and recovery resilience, enhance students' quality of life.N
Building on Evidence to Improve eHealth Literacy in Older Adults A Systematic Review
No full textThis review aimed to provide information on ways to improve eHealth literacy in older adults by assessing current studies examining eHealth literacy. To achieve the aim, this review focused on what theories or theoretical frameworks were used in the studies, what factors were related to eHealth literacy, and what outcome variables were used in eHealth literacy interventions for older adults. Five electronic databases were searched to identify eligible studies. The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions was followed to select relevant studies, and narrative synthesis was performed. Among a total of 27 studies, 13 described theories or theoretical frameworks. Credibility in Internet health information, knowledge, and experience were identified as modifiable factors related to eHealth literacy. The most frequently used outcome variable was eHealth literacy efficacy. Nurses who are interested in improving eHealth literacy in older adults should consider appropriate theoretical frameworks and multiple factors influencing eHealth literacy.N
Factors Influencing Hospital Nurses' Workplace Bullying Experiences Focusing on Meritocracy Belief, Emotional Intelligence, and Organizational Culture: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textAims. To identify the factors influencing hospital nurses' workplace bullying experiences (victim and perpetrator aspects) focusing on meritocracy beliefs, emotional intelligence, and organizational culture. Background. Workplace bullying remains a major issue in nursing despite decades of research and policy-making. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the individual and institutional factors affecting workplace bullying from both the victim and perpetrator perspectives is crucial. Methods. In October 2022, 379 nurses working in South Korean tertiary hospitals were surveyed using a self-reported online questionnaire. Meritocracy beliefs, emotional intelligence, workplace bullying experiences, and nursing organizational culture were measured using the Meritocracy Belief Scale, Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, and Positive Nursing Organizational Culture Measurement Tool, respectively. Results. Gamma regression analysis revealed that, for workplace bullying, the factors influencing the victim aspect were the experience of witnessing bullying in the workplace, organizational culture, and meritocracy beliefs. In contrast, the factors affecting the perpetrator aspect were emotional intelligence, meritocracy beliefs, and experience of bullying at work. Conclusion. Decreasing nurses' degree of meritocratic hubris in a positive organizational culture and increasing their emotional intelligence are necessary to prevent and intervene in workplace bullying. Implications for Nursing Management. Targeted approaches are needed to address and mitigate the detrimental effects of factors influencing workplace bullying. These approaches could include interventions that improve nurses' emotional intelligence, assess their level of meritocracy beliefs, and offer opportunities for self-reflection on meritocratic hubris. Such initiatives may be necessary to effectively tackle workplace bullying and promote a healthier nursing work environment.N
Chao cai liao yong yu ya bo chang ju jiao: ge xiang yi xing hao sun cai liao yu ti du guang xue na mi bo dao guan
No full textKwok, Hui Kin = 超材料用於亞波長聚焦 : 各向異性耗損材料與梯度光學納米波導管 / 郭栩健.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-69).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 26, September, 2016).Kwok, Hui Kin = Chao cai liao yong yu ya bo chang ju jiao : ge xiang yi xing hao sun cai liao yu ti du guang xue na mi bo dao guan / Guo Xujian
Comparing Factors Associated With eHealth Literacy Between Young and Older Adults
No full textThe purpose of the current study was to compare the factors associated with adults' eHealth literacy, which is vital for health consumers. A secondary data analysis was conducted with data collected from November 2017 to February 2018 for a project on the development of a Korean version of the eHealth Literacy Scale. Participants were recruited through an online survey for young adults (n = 210, mean age = 25.5 [SD = 4.7] years) and a face-to-face survey for older adults (n = 187, mean age = 73.2 [SD = 4.8] years). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to analyze data and determine eHealth literacy predictors. Older adults held more positive attitudes toward internet health information than young adults (mean = 16.49 [SD = 2.54] and 17.04 [SD = 2.41], respectively; p = 0.029); however, eHealth literacy levels were comparable (mean = 30.50 [SD = 4.62] and 30.95 [SD = 4.17], respectively; p = 0.305). Attitude toward internet health information was a significant predictor of eHealth literacy in both groups, and age was only a predictor among young adults. These results elucidate predictors of eHealth literacy and inform strategies to improve eHealth literacy among young and older adults.N
Factors Associated With Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors of People With Visual Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textPurpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the factors associated with diabetes self-care behaviors (DSCB) in people with visual impairment (PVI), including demographics, disease-related characteristics, and psychosocial factors (self-efficacy, depression, and family support). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Adults with visual impairment and diabetes were recruited online and through posting notices, and a total of 141 participants were included. Measurements were completed using email and telephone surveys. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to examine the factors associated with DSCB. Results: Higher self-efficacy and positive family support were significant predictors of better DSCB, whereas higher negative family support was a significant predictor of worse DSCB. Diabetes medication regimen was another major influencing factor on DSCB. However, depression was not associated with DSCB. Conclusion: Diabetes interventions for the visually impaired should have strategies to improve vulnerable areas of diabetes self-care, such as blood glucose monitoring. Health care providers are needed to consider diabetes education programs focused on improving self-efficacy or include family members in interventions to promote DSCB in PVI. Further studies are required to understand the problems and solutions for diabetes self-care in this population.N
Buforins: Histone H2A-derived antimicrobial peptides from toad stomach
No full textAbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute an important component of the innate immune system in a variety of organisms. Buforin I is a 39-amino acid AMP that was first isolated from the stomach tissue of the Asian toad Bufo bufo gargarizans. Buforin II is a 21-amino acid peptide that is derived from buforin I and displays an even more potent antimicrobial activity than its parent AMP. Both peptides share complete sequence identity with the N-terminal region of histone H2A that interacts directly with nucleic acids. Buforin I is generated from histone H2A by pepsin-directed proteolysis in the cytoplasm of gastric gland cells. After secretion into the gastric lumen, buforin I remains adhered to the mucous biofilm that lines the stomach, thus providing a protective antimicrobial coat. Buforins, which house a helix-hinge-helix domain, kill a microorganism by entering the cell without membrane permeabilization and thus binding to nucleic acids. The proline hinge is crucial for the cell penetrating activity of buforins. Buforins also are known to possess anti-endotoxin and anticancer activities, thus making these peptides attractive reagents for pharmaceutical applications. This review describes the role of buforins in innate host defense; future research paradigms; and use of these agents as human therapeutics
Psychometric comparisons of measures of eHealth literacy using a sample of Korean older adults
No full textAims: This study aimed to compare the psychometric properties of two measures of eHealth literacy, namely, the Korean versions of the Digital Health Literacy Instrument (K-DHLI) and eHealth Literacy Scale (K-eHEALS), among older adults in South Korea. Background Given the usefulness of eHealth information, measures of eHealth literacy have been developed. It is necessary to examine the validity of such tools among older adults who are likely to experience difficulties in using eHealth resources. Methods A validation study was conducted using the secondary data of 180 older adults in South Korea. Two weeks after they had responded to the K-DHLI and K-eHEALS, 89 of them completed the assessments a second time so that the assessments' test-retest reliability could be examined. Using the collected data, their reliability (i.e. internal consistency, test-retest reliability) and validity (i.e. construct validity and criterion validity) were examined. Results Both tools demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (alpha >= 0.90, item-total correlation coefficients = .39-.76) as well as good test-retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients .77 and .84, respectively. The 21 items of the K-DHLI loaded onto five factors, which accounted for 71% of the variance. The 10 items of the K-eHEALS loaded onto a single factor, which explained 58% of the total variance. The scores of both tools were strongly correlated (r = .63) and positively related to attitudes towards internet health information and subjective health status (r = .23-.50). Conclusions The findings suggest that the K-DHLI and K-eHEALS are reliable and valid tools that can be used to assess the utilisation of eHealth resources by older adults. Implications for Practice: The findings can help healthcare providers choose a suitable measure of eHealth literacy when working with older adults.N
Evaluating test-retest reliability in patient-reported outcome measures for older people: A systematic review
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate the components of test-retest reliability including time interval, sample size, and statistical methods used in patient-reported outcome measures in older people and to provide suggestions on the methodology for calculating test-retest reliability for patient-reported outcomes in older people. Design: This was a systematic literature review. Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched from January 1, 2000 to August 10, 2017 by an information specialist. Review methods: This systematic review was guided by both the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist and the guideline for systematic review published by the National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency in Korea. The methodological quality was assessed by the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments checklist box B. Results: Ninety-five out of 12,641 studies were selected for the analysis. The median time interval for test-retest reliability was 14 days, and the ratio of sample size for test-retest reliability to the number of items in each measure ranged from 1:1 to 1:4. The most frequently used statistical methods for continuous scores was intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Among the 63 studies that used ICCs, 21 studies presented models for ICC calculations and 30 studies reported 95% confidence intervals of the ICCs. Additional analyses using 17 studies that reported a strong ICC (> 0.09) showed that the mean time interval was 12.88 days and the mean ratio of the number of items to sample size was 1:5.37. Conclusions: When researchers plan to assess the test-retest reliability of patient-reported outcome measures for older people, they need to consider an adequate time interval of approximately 13 days and the sample size of about 5 times the number of items. Particularly, statistical methods should not only be selected based on the types of scores of the patient-reported outcome measures, but should also be described clearly in the studies that report the results of test-retest reliability.N
- …
