136 research outputs found
Research on recoverable reserves and gas production characteristics of coalbed methane wells in Baode block of Ordos Basin
No full textIn order to clarify the gas production characteristics of medium and low rank coalbed methane wells in different regions of the Baode block of the Ordos Basin, and to guide strategy development, methods such as the Arps decline analysis, production accumulation method, and flowing material balance method were applied in conjunction with actual production data from the block to establish a calculation method for recoverable coalbed methane reserves applicable to different stages of development. Through the comprehensive application of data statistics, production dynamic analysis, and other methods, the recoverable reserves and gas production characteristics of three development units (Development Unit 1 to Unit 3) in the block were systematically studied. By comparing geological and development parameters, the influence of geological condition differences on gas production characteristics was clarified. The results showed that from north to south (Development Unit 1 to Unit 3) in the Baode block, the daily gas production during the stable production period decreased from 3 314 m³ to 864 m³, the gas recovery rate declined from 3.82% to 0.99%, the recoverable reserves reduced from 1 391×10⁴ m³ to 399×10⁴ m³, and the recovery factor dropped from 48.50% to 16.99%. Meanwhile, the gas breakthrough time extended from 99 days to 228 days, and the stable production duration increased from 981 days to 1 553 days. Correlation analysis showed that daily gas production during the stable production period was significantly correlated with the temporary storage ratio, critical desorption pressure, and the thickness of the 8+9 coal seam, while recoverable reserves were highly correlated with the thickness of the 8+9 coal seam and the gas content of the 4+5 coal seam. A comparison of geological parameters indicated that the main coal seam thickness, gas content, and temporary storage ratio in Development Unit 1 were superior to those in Development Unit 2 and Unit 3, and the preservation conditions were also better. The study concludes that the north-south differences in gas production characteristics of the Baode block are primarily influenced by geological conditions. The northern Development Unit 1 has superior resource conditions, with thicker coal seams, higher gas content, and a larger temporary storage ratio, resulting in higher stable gas production and higher recovery rates. The southern Development Unit 3 has poorer resource conditions, leading to lower stable gas production but longer stable production periods. The findings provide a scientific basis for the efficient development of medium and low rank coalbed methane fields and the optimization of different unit drainage systems in the Baode block
Simple methods for producing valuable antimicrobial peptides and proteins products using E. coli systems
No full textRapid room-temperature synthesis of biocompatible metal-organic framework for enzyme immobilization with improved stability and on-demand release
No full textEnzyme immobilization within metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) addresses the inherent fragility of enzymes, playing a crucial role across diverse industries by improving efficiency and lowering economic costs. While the application of MOFs in the food and pharmaceutical industries is constrained by toxicity concerns, MIL-88A(Fe) emerges as an ideal candidate due to its non-toxicity and biocompatibility. However, the release of encapsulated enzymes is significantly hampered, reducing their bioactivity. Herein, we present a safe and simple platform for creating enzyme@MIL-88A, which provides enzyme stabilization and controlled release. The thermal stabilization of a spectrum of enzymes (phytase, xylanase, amylase, mannanase, and glucanase) is achieved, elevating their endurance threshold to 95 ◦C. Furthermore, the controlled on-demand release of the encapsulated enzymes at target sites is accomplished by adjusting defects in enzyme@MIL-88A composites via an acid modulation approach, while preserving enzyme activity. This approach has improved the amount of enzyme released from 10 % to 99.7 %. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time enzyme@MIL-88A has been synthesized rapidly under mild conditions for enzyme stabilization and controlled release. Our method offers a universal platform for stabilizing vulnerable biomaterials and the controlled delivery of biological macromolecules.Yilun Weng, Penghui Yan, Baode Sun, Andria Wan, Jiakang You, Xin Xu, Zeyu Lu, Glen A. Stewart, Xiaojing Chen, Hao Song, Chun-Xia Zha
Multiscale Fracturing in Medium- to Low-Rank Coals and Its Implications on Coalbed Methane Production in the Baode Area, Eastern Ordos Basin, China
No full textCoal fractures are crucial in affecting the production of methane from coal. Multiscale fracturing and its implications on coalbed methane production have still not been fully understood. Herein, we present a case study, combining underground coal mine surveying and specimen, thin section, and scanning electron microscope observations for illustrating the ~m-, ~cm-, ~mm-, and ~μm-scale fractures present in the Baode area, eastern Ordos Basin, China. Then, the fracture connectivity is evaluated by helium permeability and mercury porosimetry measurement. The coals are mainly of semibright, semidull, and dull macrolithotypes. And main maceral composition is vitrinite, accounting for 73%~95%, with around 26% inertinite. The coals are ultralow-ash and low-ash content, belonging to high-volatile bituminous coal. The ~m scale fractures can penetrate the whole coal seams, dominant by S-N and following E-W direction, which were generated during the Yanshanian and Himalayan movements. The ~cm fractures are generally parallel to the lamina, influenced by the bright and dull coal band extension caused by the depositional differences. The ~mm fractures are mainly shown as endogenous fractures perpendicular to the lamina restricted within bright macrolithotypes. There are also ~mm fractures that are perpendicular to the lamina while penetrating dull components and fractures parallel to the lamina. The ~μm fractures are widely distributed and connect each other. Some of the fractures are filled with carbonate and clay minerals and are beneficial for methane migration, caused by hydraulic fracturing. The average mercury withdrawal efficiency of the coals was 75%. The helium permeability of the coals was between 10×10−3 and 50×10−3 μm2, indicating good fracture connectivity. The study findings, which indicated the presence of fractures of different scales in the coals studied, can be used for fully understanding the coalbed methane performance of medium- and low-rank coals
Modelling the electromagnetic separation of non-metallic particles from liquid metal flowing through a two-stage multichannel
No full textA two-stage multichannel was designed to increase the efficiency of separating non-metallic particles from liquid metal flowing through an alternating magnetic field. Numerical method was developed to calculate the particle concentration and separation efficiency of a zinc melt containing dross particles and verified by the experimental results. The distribution of particle concentration and axial fluid velocity changed significantly due to the added walls in the sub-channel, resulting in an abrupt increase in the residence time of the inner bulk melt with high particle concentrations and a remarkable increase in particle separation efficiency when flowing through the single-channel to sub-channels. A multistage and multichannel arrangement is hence recommended for further increase in the separation efficiency of an electromagnetic separator
Mechanistic study on phytase stabilization using alginate encapsulation
No full textEnzyme encapsulation has emerged as a promising strategy for protecting enzymes against denaturation under harsh conditions. Alginate encapsulation using a dripping and gelation method is a common technique for encapsulating enzymes, however, the encapsulation efficiency is often limited due to the quick diffusion of water-soluble enzymes into the gelation bath. Herein, we report a novel post-loading enzyme encapsulation method with a 100% encapsulation efficiency and a high enzyme loading. We demonstrate a 20-fold enzyme thermal stability improvement upon encapsulation. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of alginate pore size, enzyme concentration, and enzyme distribution on the thermal stability of encapsulated enzyme using both experimental and computational methods, elucidating the mechanism underlying the stability improvement of the encapsulated enzyme. Additionally, the encapsulated enzyme demonstrates successful release under simulated gastric conditions. This highly efficient enzyme encapsulation system, utilizing food-grade encapsulation materials and an environmentally friendly synthesis approach, holds great promise for various applications in the food industry.Yilun Weng, Baode Sun, Wanli Jin, Penghui Yan, Xiaojing Chen, Hao Song, Chun- Xia Zha
Anisotropic interpolation theorems of Musielak-Orlicz type
No full textAbstract Anisotropy is a common attribute of Nature, which shows different characterizations in different directions of all or part of the physical or chemical properties of an object. The anisotropic property, in mathematics, can be expressed by a fairly general discrete group of dilations { A k : k ∈ Z } , where A is a real n × n matrix with all its eigenvalues λ satisfy | λ | > 1 . Let φ : R n × [ 0 , ∞ ) → [ 0 , ∞ ) be an anisotropic Musielak-Orlicz function such that φ ( x , ⋅ ) is an Orlicz function and φ ( ⋅ , t ) is a Muckenhoupt A ∞ ( A ) weight. The aim of this article is to obtain two anisotropic interpolation theorems of Musielak-Orlicz type, which are weighted anisotropic extension of Marcinkiewicz interpolation theorems. The above results are new even for the isotropic weighted settings
Effects of Electroslag Refining on Removal of Iron Impurity and Alumina Inclusions from Aluminum
No full text
- …
