47,521 research outputs found
Neadysgonia consobrina Sullivan 2010, comb. n.
No full textNeadysgonia consobrina (Guenée), comb. n. Figs 3, 8a, b, 12 Ophiusa consobrina Guenée in Boisduval and Guenée, 1852: 267. Type material. Neadysgonia consobrina, like N. similis, was described from an unknown number of specimens from an unknown locality. Th e brief description allows identification of the species and the material probably originated from near Savannah, Georgia. No type has ever been located. Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by a single triangular outward projection on the PM line. In the male genitalia the uncus is spatulate and the projection from the Figures 7–Ι0. Male genitalia of Neadysgonia. a valvea b aedeagus. 7a,b Neadysgonia similis (Gn.). Carteret Co., North Carolina (JBS 2750) 8a,b Neadysgonia consobrina (Gn.). St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana (JBS 2754) 9a,b Neadysgonia smithii (Gn.). Jones Co., North Carolina (JBS 2749). Same data as male valves Ι0a,b Neadysgonia telma Sullivan. Holotype. Columbus Co., North Carolina (JBS 2752). tegumen is rounded. In females the lodix is trapezoidal and the ostial opening forms a horizontal concave line, i.e. smile. Distribution and biology. Neadysgonia consobrina occurs from North Carolina to Louisiana. Specimens have been recorded from all of the southeastern states in the range except Alabama and Tennessee. Th e food plant of the species is unknown. The species is multiple brooded.Published as part of Sullivan, J. Bolling, 2010, A new genus and species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern United States, pp. 85-97 in ZooKeys 39 (39) on pages 89-90, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.434, http://zenodo.org/record/57663
Convergence groups, Hausdorff dimension, and a Theorem of Sullivan and Tukia
No full textWe show that a discrete, quasiconformal group preserving Hopf n has the property that its exponent of convergence and the Hausdorff dimension of its limit set detect the existence of a non-empty regular set on the sphere at infinity to Hopf n. This generalizes a result due separately to Sullivan and Tukia, in which it is further assumed that the group act isometrically on Hopf n, i.e. is a Kleinian group. From this generalization we are able to extract geometric information about infinite-index subgroups within certain of these groups
Campatonema tapantia Sullivan 2010, sp. n.
No full textCampatonema tapantia Sullivan sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CCE3C74F-B405-41D9-AC2E-D78201A5BFC6 Figs 1, 2, 6a, b, 9 Type material. Holotype ♁: Costa Rica, Tapanti National Park, Orosi, Cartago Province, 1300–1400 m, 9 April 1984, D. H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs (INB0004129291) (INBI). Paratypes: 10 ♁ 5♀ same locality as type.1♁ (INB 0003015185), June1998,R. Delgado, 1 ♁ (INB0003041671), October 1999, R. Delgado; 1 ♁ (INB0004129282), 17 November 1982, Janzen and Hallwachs; 1 ♁(INB0004129288), 23 January 1985, Janzen and Hallwachs; 1 ♁(INB0004129289), 9 April 1984, Janzen and Hallwachs; 1 ♁(INB0004129290), 9 April 1984, Janzen and Hallwachs; 1 ♁ 12–17 February 2006, J. Bolling Sullivan, 3 ♁ 7–9 July 2008, J. Bolling Sullivan; 1 ♀ (INBIOC- RI002025033), October 1994, R. Delgado; 1 ♀ (INBIOCRI002553384), 17 November 1982, Janzen and Hallwachs; 1 ♀ 7–9 July 2008, J. Bolling Sullivan; 2 ♀ 5–9 August 2007, 1480m, La Paz Waterfall Garden, Vera Blanca, Montana Azul, Alajuela Province, J. Bolling Sullivan. (INBI, BMNH, USNM, JBS). Etymology. The name refers to Tapanti National Park, Costa Rica, the location where C. tapantia has been found most frequently. Diagnosis. The species is readily recognized by its maculation. Th e dark chocolate line running from the middle of the lower forewing margin to the outer margin in combination with the chocolate marginal bands are diagnostic. Description. Male. Head – Palps very small, less than eye width, third segment half length of first and second segments, which are equal in size. Palp with chocolate-brown scaling on outer and dorsal surface, cream on inner and ventral surfaces; frons squarish; ground cream with chocolate-brown dusting becoming dense dorsally; scape cream; area between antennae dirty cream; collar chocolate with erect brown scales. Antenna bifasciculate, segments Y-shaped, orange on ventral surface, dorsal scaling brown, light- er toward antennal tip. Setal rows arranged in two groups per segment, one at midpoint of segment, other at distal end on lateral expansions of segment. Thorax and abdomen – Thorax cream dorsally; abdominal segments cream with heavy brown dusting laterally especially on first segment; ventral surface cream. Legs dusted with fine brown scales dorsally, otherwise cream. Metathoracic tibia slightly swollen. Two pairs of tibial spurs on hind legs, one pair on middle legs. Wings – forewing length 15 mm; ground color cream; costa and margin of forewing chocolate brown; chocolate submarginal line begins subapically on costa and runs parallel to wing margin to slightly below midpoint, (between M1 and M2) then angles to midpoint of lower margin of wing. Postmedial line (PM) indistinct. Discal spot chocolate, small but prominent. Hindwing ground cream, crossed by a series of brown lines parallel to margin. Discal dot distinct, medial line prominent. Wing margin dark brown, chocolate scaling forming a subapical spot. Fringe brown. Dorsal surface cream with brown dusting overlay particularly where PM line originates subapically, line incomplete, not extending to anal edge of wing. Margin with distinct line of chocolate scales. Discal spots distinct on both wings. Apex with a well defined white area. Male genitalia – Uncus rod shaped. Valva elongate, sweeping Figures Ι–5. Adults of Campatonema. Ι Campatonema tapantia Sullivan, male holotype, Tapanti National Park, Orosi, Cartago Province, Costa Rica, 9 April 2, 1984 2 Campatonema tapantia Sullivan, female paratype, La Paz Waterfall Garden, Vera Blanca, Montana Azul, Alajuela Province, Costa Rica, 5–9 August 2007 3 Campatonema yanayacua Sullivan, male paratype, Yanayacu Biological Station, 5 km West of Cosanga, Napo Province, Ecuador, 20 January 2009 4 Campatonema lineata (Schaus), male, Monteverde Biological Station, Monteverde, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 23–27 August 2003 5 Campatonema lineata (Schaus), female, Monteverde Biological Station, Monteverde, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, 23–27 August 2003. upward slightly toward uncus. Costal edge sclerotized with hairlike bristles below costal edge more numerous toward valve apex, which is acute and slants slightly upward. Arms of gnathos indistinct, medial junction forming oval pad and covered with spines. Anellar arms swollen and appear as an inward extension of costa. Tegumen arms extended diagonally to fuse posteriorly below uncus. Vincular arms straight. Furca diverted to left to gnathos, apex pointed; bristle area occupies terminal 15%. Right juxtal arm swollen at base. Saccus with squared base. Aedeagus straight, lightly sclerotized, with basal keel, expands medially, apex acutely pointed. Vesica expanded slightly with patch of cornuti basally and hair-like bristles distally. No distinct features on pelt. Female. Antenna filiform, otherwise similar to male but slightly larger (FW length 16 mm) and with chocolate dusting more extensive. Underside of forewing with distinct apical spot. Female genitalia – Anal papillae elongated, tip rounded, extended on ventral side. Posterior apophyses 2 × length of anterior apophyses, thin, expanded and paddle shaped at terminus. Anterior apophyses kinked at posterior end, paddle shaped at terminus, but less broadly than posterior apophyses. Seventh tergite forms lightly sclerotized shield over ostium. Ostium sclerotized, oval with posterior margin deeply concave on left side. Ductus very long; bursa saclike; signa a narrow slit. Pelt without distinct features. Distribution and biology. C. tapantia has been collected in the provinces of Alajuela, Cartago, and Heredia, Costa Rica. It has been found along a rather narrow elevational range, from 1100–1600 m. Adults are on the wing throughout the year.Published as part of Sullivan, J. Bolling, 2010, New species of the Neotropical genus Campatonema Jones (Geometridae, Ennominae) with the first description of the female, pp. 263-272 in ZooKeys 39 (39) on pages 265-267, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.433, http://zenodo.org/record/57664
Neadysgonia similis Sullivan 2010, comb. n.
No full text<i>Neadysgonia similis</i> (Guenée), comb. n. <p>Figs 1, 2, 7a, b, 11</p> <p> <i>Ophiusa smithii</i> Guenée <i>in</i> Boisduval and Guenée, 1852: 267.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> This species was described from an unknown number of specimens from an unknown locality. Th e short description is adequate to distinguish the species. Th e location of any types is unknown (not in BMNH, MNHN, or USNM).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Neadysgonia similis</i> can be recognized by the lack of well-defined triangles from the PM line and no dark shading basal of the AM line. Two forms occur, one devoid of any well-defined pattern between the AM and PM lines. In the male genitalia the projection from the tegumen creates a square shape and the costal projection of the valva ends in a hammerhead. In the female the lodix is rectangular.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and biology.</b> <i>Neadysgonia similis</i> has been recorded from North Carolina to Florida. Th e food plant occurs in Alabama and Mississippi and the moth could be expected from these areas as well.</p> <p>A larva of <i>N</i>. <i>similis</i> was collected from Loblolly Bay (<i>Gordonia lasianthus</i> (L.) (Theaceae)) by Richard Broadwell during the course of a study to determine the nontarget effects of <i>Bacillus</i> treatments to eradicate a Gypsy moth infestation near Wilmington, N.C. (Hall et al. 1999). I identified the emergent moth as <i>Neadysgonia similis</i> and have subsequently found additional larvae and reared larvae from eggs from a captive female; all readily fed to maturity on Loblolly Bay. It is a common plant on the frequently burned coastal plain savannas, but both the adults and larvae are relatively uncommon. Th e moth is multiple brooded (April to September).</p>Published as part of <i>Sullivan, J. Bolling, 2010, A new genus and species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern United States, pp. 85-97 in ZooKeys 39 (39)</i> on page 89, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.434, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/576634">http://zenodo.org/record/576634</a>
Campatonema yanayacua Sullivan 2010, sp. n.
No full textCampatonema yanayacua Sullivan sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 764D6838-29F2-4CA1-9BF6-14CE93B65A98 Figs 3, 4, 7a, b Type material. Holotype ♁: Ecuador, Yanayacu Biological Station, 4 km west of Cosanga, Napo Province, 2160 m, 20 January 2009, J. S. Miller, D. Wagner and R. Tapia, ( USNM ) Paratypes: 2 males. Same data as holotype except 18 January 2009. (BMNH, JBS). Etymology. Campatonema yanayacua is named for the type locality, Yanayacu Biological Station, Napo, Ecuador. Diagnosis. This species is readily recognized by the shape of the forewing PM line, which has an outward deflection at M3 that allows it to be distinguished from the other species of Campatonema. Description. Male. Head – Palp slightly longer than width of eye; mid-segment longer than first and about 4 × length of third; first two segments light brown outwardly with scattered chocolate scales. Cream scaling just below third segment with a few brown and chocolate scales dorsally. All segments with cream scaling inwardly. Frons squared with cream scales near palps and a mixture of brown and chocolate scales over the upper 80 %. Area between antennae with scales cream, erect; collar cream with brown scales adjacent to thorax; thorax cream with scattered brown scales. Antenna fasciculate, segments flared distad with bristle rows at middle and at distal end; antenna brown dorsally with two scale rows per segment. Thorax and abdomen – Abdomen cream with brown bands of varous shades; Abdominal segments cream basally becoming pale-brown posteriorly with white ring on posterior margin. Underside cream with scattered brown scales. Forelegs with brown scaling dorsally, cream ventrally. Hind tibia slightly swollen. Two pairs of tibial spurs on hind leg, one pair on middle legs. Wings – Forewing length 15−17 mm. PM line a double brown line, outer element fading on lower half of wing, middle part of PM line with blue gray; PM line expanded outwardly to form dark-brown wedge-shaped patch at forewing apex; medial area with a diffuse Figures 6–Ι0. Genitalia of Campatonema. a valves b aedeagus 6a,b Campatonema tapantia Sullivan, male, Cartago Province, Costa Rica (JBS 1497) 7a,b Campatonema yanayacua Sullivan, male, Napo Province, Ecuador (JBS 2803) 8a,b Campatonema lineata (Schaus), male, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica (JBS 1498) 9 Campatonema tapantia Sullivan, female, Alajuela Province, Costa Rica (JBS 1494) Ι0 Campatonema lineata (Schaus), female, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica (JBS 1499). brownish-gray band along inner margin of PM line. Costa brown basally becoming tan throughout mid-section and fusing with PM line at apex. Wing margin with row of chocolate scales forming terminal line, slightly wider at veins. Discal dot distinct. Hindwing with a series of tan and brown lines parallel to margin and crossing cream ground; brownish-gray PM line with blue-gray filling prominent. Margin a broad brown band. Ventral surface cream with chocolate PM line on costal half of forewing. Wing apex almost white. Discal dots distinct. Brown scaling over cream ground color particularly strong in costal area. Male genitalia – Uncus rod shaped, valves elongate, tapering to a rounded apex. Costa heavily sclerotized, with a slight bulge 1/3 from apex. Costal half of valva with fine setae, without processes or well-defined ridges. Gnathos arms poorly defined, medial junction a well-defined pad covered with bristles or spines. Furca deflecting to right and extending to slightly above medial pad on gnathos. Outer third of furca with bristles. Furca slightly S-shaped, tapering little from base to rounded tip. Saccus slightly rounded. Aedeagus diameter increasing posteriorly before ending abruptly in a narrow spine; lightly sclerotized, particularly anteriorly. Everted vesica expanded slightly with a patch of 8 cornuti. Pelt without distinct features. Female. unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Yanayacu Biological Station, Ecuador. Remarks. Similar specimens have been collected at Estacion Cientifica San Francisco, Zamora-Chinchipe, Ecuador by Gunnar Brehm. Pictures of the adults and dissections of the genitalia were examined, but differ enough from the Yanayacu specimens that they are not included in the type series.Published as part of Sullivan, J. Bolling, 2010, New species of the Neotropical genus Campatonema Jones (Geometridae, Ennominae) with the first description of the female, pp. 263-272 in ZooKeys 39 (39) on pages 267-269, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.433, http://zenodo.org/record/57664
Neadysgonia telma Sullivan. St. Tammany Parish 2010, sp. n.
No full textNeadysgonia telma Sullivan, sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2C1288EE-74E4-45D8-BE9C-E8E4E0AD79E5 Figs 5–6, 10a, b, 14 Type material. Holotype male: USA, North Carolina: Columbus Co., Lake Waccamaw State Park, Standing water swamp forest, June 21, 2009, uv trap, J. B. Sullivan. USNM. Paratypes: 4 ♁, 5 ♀: USA, North Carolina: Cumberland Co., Ft. Bragg, McPherson Creek at FB1, May 16, 2002, ♁; Robeson Co., Lumber River St. Pk., river bottomland, Sept. 18, 2009, ♁; Craven Co., Croatan Natl. For. Rd. 167, July 21, 1993, ♀; Columbus Co., Lake Waccamaw St. Pk., Standing water swamp forest, Sept. 19, 2009, ♀, all collected by J. B. Sullivan. Louisiana: St. Tammany Parish, 4.2 mi. NE Abita prings, V. A. Brou, ♀ (BMNH, CNC, JBS). Mississippi: Oktibbeha Co., Doraen Lake, April 16, 1990, Pat Porter, ♁; George Co., 3 mi. N. Lucedale, March 19–31, 1996, R. Kergosien, ♀; Franklin Co., Porter Creek, April 8, 1992, J. MacGown, T. Schiefer, ♀; Washington Co., Stoneville Exp. Sta. May 18–31, 1986, R. E. Furr, Jr., ♀ (MEM). Dissected or Bar Coded Specimens. Florida: Liberty Co.; Georgia: DeKalb Co.; Indiana: Posey Co.; Louisiana: Bossier, St. Tammany Counties; Mississippi: Franklin, George, Harrison, Hinds, Oktibbeha, Pike, Tishomingo, Warren, Washington Counties; North Carolina: Carteret, Columbus, Cumberland, Robeson Counties; South Carolina: Charleston Co.; Texas: no location (USNM 40345), Jasper Co. Etymology. The Greek word telma refers to standing water. Specimens from North Carolina and Florida are associated with hydric forests in the Coastal Plain. Diagnosis. Wing length 19–20 mm. Neadysgonia telma is very similar in maculation to Neadysgonia smithii. In some populations it is possible to differentiate most specimens of the two species by wing pattern but certain identification requires dissection or barcoding. The two species can be identified by DNA barcoding and by differences in the male and female genitalia. Male genitalia differ slightly if at all from those of N. smithii in many genital characters, but the valvae and the lateral process of the tegumen allow the two species to readily be distinguished. In N. telma the valva is much thinner and tapers to a sharp point. In N. smithii the valva is broad and tapers gradually to a somewhat broad point. Th e lateral process of the tegumen is less than half the length of the costal edge of the valva in N. telma, but more than half the valva length in N. smithii. Th e anal projection at the base of the valva of N. telma is shorter and more sclerotized than that of N. smithii. Both species have a medially enlarged uncus with a slightly bifurcate tip, the tegumen has a pronounced lateral projection and both species have similar coremata arising from the dorsal base of the valva. The ranges of the two species appear to overlap substantially, the exact details of which will only be determined by dissection and barcoding of additional specimens. Description. Head – Tongue normal, palps slightly porrect, second segment 2.5 × as long as first and third segments. Palps brown scaled with cream scales interspersed throughout, inner faces cream. Frons denuded basally, scales of head projecting forward, brown with cream scales, scape cream, antenna fasciculate with encircling rows of tan with cream scales laterally. Thorax – Collar and vestiture covered with brown hairlike scales interspersed with cream-colored scales; tegulae similarly scaled but with some scales spatulate; abdomen brown with some cream scales dorsally, cream ventrally. Legs brown with cream scaling interspersed and forming cream bands at distal ends of tarsal joints. Tibial segments normal, not swollen. Two pairs of tibial spines on hind leg, single pair on middle leg twice as long as those on hind leg. Forewing pattern with ground brown with dark-purplish scaling. Apical trapezoidal spot distinct, post medial line with two major triangular points directed toward wing margin. Line light but inwardly bordered by a broad purple-brown band that fades toward medial line, which is slightly sinuous or straight, light colored but with darker scaling inward fading to wing base. Wing margin with two bands, inner one gray speckled with brown, outer band tan. Scaling distal to postmedial line gray with purple scales interspersed, becoming lighter toward margin. Hindwing fuscous with two marginal bands like those on forewing. Underside of hindwing fuscous with traces of lines visible, medial most prominent, discal spot faint. Male genitalia – (Figs 10a, b). Uncus broad at base, expanding medially and curving 180 degrees and tapering to tip, which is bifurcate. Dorsal setae shorter than medial width. Tegumen moderately broad with outward lateral triangular projection, tapering to sharp point, length less than ½ length of valva. Base of tegumen with sclerite that joins vinculum. Paired sclerites extend from junction with vinculum to base of uncus. Vinculum moderately broad, oval shaped forming a slight posterior projection where vincula arms meet anteriorly. No differentiated saccus. Juxta broad, paired plates lightly sclerotized and forming dorsal and ventral intrusions at junction. Valva triangular, extending to a point with projections dorsally and ventrally. Dorsal projection broad, finger shaped curving anteriorly and only slightly shorter than valva. Ventral projection finger shaped, straight, sclerotized and 1/4 length of valva with slightly raised ridge along ventral margin of valva. Aedeagus approximately length of valva, bulbous anteriorly and tapering toward tip. Basal third of aedeagus unsclerotized; ductus entering subterminally. Tip of aedeagus rounded, striated and continuing as a sclerotized ribbon onto vesica for half its length. Everted vesica moderately broad with numerous short, broad evaginations that are granulated toward distal end of vesica. Small patch of sclerotization on distal end of vesica. Pelt lacks distinct structures. Female genitalia – (Figs 14a, b): Anal papillae small, lightly sclerotized with setae from raised pimple-like bases. Posterior apophyses with spatulate tips, slightly longer and thinner than anterior apophyses. Genital plate trapezoidal with broad ostial opening that is lightly attached to 7 th sclerite. Plate tapers anteriorly on both lateral sides to a thread-like tip, which is broadly separated from base of plate. Medial genital plate tapers to join ductus. Distance between lateral thread-like anterior extensions and lodix will allow N. telmus to be differentiated from N. smithii. Ductus bursae sclerotized posteriorly, short and tapering slightly to corpus bursa. Posterior end of corpus bursa wrinkled, unsclerotized and expanding to granulated body of corpus bursa. Appendix bursae to right and ventral to corpus bursae and tapering to the ductus. Appendix bursae and ductus unsclerotized. Signum absent. No unusual structural features on pelt. Distribution and biology. Neadysgonia telma occurs from North Carolina southward at least to the Florida Panhandle and westward to Texas, with one record farther north from Indiana. Th e impression from localities where it has been collected is that Neadysgonia telma occurs in swamp forests where there is standing water. In this habitat red maples tend to dominate emergent forests whereas mature forests are more mixed with cypress often the dominant large tree. Moth multiple brooded throughout its range with dates from April through September.Published as part of Sullivan, J. Bolling, 2010, A new genus and species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern United States, pp. 85-97 in ZooKeys 39 (39) on pages 93-95, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.434, http://zenodo.org/record/57663
Neadysgonia smithii Sullivan 2010, comb. n.
No full textNeadysgonia smithii (Guenée), comb. n. Figs 4, 9a, b, 13 Ophiusa smithii Guenée in Boisduval and Guenée, 1852: 266, pl. 22, fig. 4. Type material. Neadysgonia smithii was either described from an unknown number of specimens from an unknown locality, or it may have been described from a painting by John Abbot and sent to his colleague at the British Museum, J. E. Smith who in turn sent it to Guenée. As stated above, the type locality was probably near Savannah, Georgia. Th e location of any type material is unknown. Th e identity of Ophiusa smithii Guenée can not be determined from the published illustration, or from the original description, so a neotype is hereby designated: male, “ April 24, 1974, Wedge Plantation, McClellensville, S. C., D. C. Ferguson,” so labeled and located in USNM. I have dissected it and the slide number is USNM 50786. Material dissected and/or barcoded. USA. Alabama: Munroe Co.; Georgia: no location (USNM 50787); Mississippi: Forest, Franklin, Grenada, Hinds, Rankin, Tishomingo, and Warren Counties; Missouri: Greene Co.; North Carolina: Brunswick, Carteret, Craven, Jones Counties; South Carolina: Charleston Co.; Texas: Jasper Co. Note. This species as well as N. similis and N. consobrina were all described by Guenée at the same time in the genus Ophiusa and probably from specimens or paintings he received from Abbot via Smith. Th ey probably originated from eastern Georgia or South Carolina in the vicinity of Savannah, where Abbot lived. Th e brief description of N. smithii by Guenée and accompanying painting could refer to one of two externally similar species, one of which is described as new below. Neither the description nor the painting of the species that served as a model for the description can be identified as to species. However, Abbot also painted the caterpillar and Guenée included a brief description of it as well. Most importantly, the food plant was identified as Fagus ferruginea Aiton (now Fagus grandifolia Ehrhart) and the pupae was said to be covered with a thick effl orescence of white purple. A white, waxy bloom on the pupa is characteristic of N. similis as well as species of Argyrostrotis Hübner and Catocala Schrank. Apparently N. smithii has not been reared again but beech trees are characteristic of mesic forests in the coastal plain and do not occur in the swamp forests where the new species N. telma has been collected. Diagnosis. Adults of N. smithii are readily distinguished from N. consobrina and N. similis by the two triangular outward projections of the PM line. However, there is no reliable external character to distinguish it from the newly described species, N. telma. Upon dissection of the male genitalia N. smithii has a shorter and broader valva and the medial projection on the tegumen is more than half the length of the valva. In N. telma the valva is much narrower and longer and the medial projection of the tegumen is rarely as long as half the length of the valva. In females of N. smithii the distance between the lateral edges of the lodix and the main plate is less than the thickness of the lateral edge at its base. In N. telma this distance is much greater than the width of the base of the lateral edge. Figures ΙΙ–Ι4. Neadysgonia female genitalia. ΙΙ Neadysgonia similis (Gn.). Craven Co., North Carolina (JBS 2863) Ι2 Neadysgonia consobrina (Gn.). St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana (JBS 2755) Ι3 Neadysgonia smithii (Gn.). Brunswick Co., North Carolina (JBS 2756) Ι4 Neadysgonia telma Sullivan. St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana (JBS 2784). Distribution and biology. Neadysgonia smithii occurs throughout North Carolina and southward to Georgia and westward to Texas northward in the Mississippi Valley to Missouri. It is not yet recorded from Virginia, Florida, Louisiana or Arkansas, although it does occur close by and would be expected in those states as well. Neadysgonia smithii occurs in open savanna and mesic woodland habitats. Th e adults are multiple brooded.Published as part of Sullivan, J. Bolling, 2010, A new genus and species for Dysgonia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Erebinae) from Southeastern United States, pp. 85-97 in ZooKeys 39 (39) on pages 91-92, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.434, http://zenodo.org/record/57663
Conservation is sexy! What makes this so, and what does this make? An engagement with celebrity and the environment
No full textThis essay offers an engagement with Daniel Brockington’s (2009) recent book Celebrity and the environment. I highlight the book’s contribution to debate regarding processes of human displacement arising through biodiversity
conservation under conditions of neoliberal capitalism. I fi rst situate the book in relation to contemporary
perspectives on displacement, justice, and human rights, using examples to illustrate complex and dynamic patterns
of conservation inclusions and exclusions globally. This is followed by a summary of Brockington’s typology of
conservation celebrities, and of the ways in which celebrities assist with the amassing of conservation finance. I proceed to consider the roles of a celebrity-saturated mass media (and mediated) ‘spectacle of conservation’ in structuring social and consumptive engagements with the ‘non-human’ world globally. I draw attention to how diverse peoples in conservation landscapes might become part of the spectacle of conservation by reconfiguring themselves as cultural objects of touristic consumerism in a script not necessarily of their choosing. By way of acknowledging the significance of social networks and alliances in infl uencing conservation perspectives and
practice, I close with a disclaimer regarding my own long-term collaborations with the author of Celebrity and
the environment
Petrocephalus valentini Lavoué, Sullivan & Arnegard, 2010, n. sp.
No full text<i>Petrocephalus valentini</i> n. sp. <p> [Odzala field identification and in Lavoué <i>et al.</i> (2008): <i>Petrocephalus</i> sp. 3, OTU 3]</p> <p> <b>Images.</b> Fig. 5 A, photo of a live specimen from Odzala and Fig. 5 B, photo of the preserved holotype (CU 88117).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype, CU 88117 (morpho, EOD), male, 77.2 mm SL. Republic of the Congo, Cuvette-Ouest, Lékoli River (Congo basin), Odzala National Park (0.62 <i>°</i> N, 14.93 <i>°</i> E), J.P. Friel, S. Lavoué & J.P. Sullivan, 24 August 2002.</p> <p> Paratypes. CU 87828 (morpho, EOD), sex undet., 73.6 mm SL; AMNH 251420 (ex CU 87827) (morpho, EOD), male, 70.9 mm SL; AMNH 251423 (ex CU 88116) (morpho, EOD), sex undet., 64.5 mm SL; CU 88120 (morpho, EOD), sex undet., 66.7 mm SL; CU 88118 (morpho, EOD, DNA), sex undet., 58.1 mm SL. Republic of the Congo, Cuvette-Ouest, Lékoli River (Congo basin), Odzala National Park (0.62 <i>°</i> N, 14.93 <i>°</i> E), J.P. Friel, S. Lavoué & J.P. Sullivan coll., 24 August 2002. CU 87834 (morpho, EOD), male, 70.6 mm SL; AMNH 251422 (ex CU 88073) (morpho, EOD), sex undet., 65.9 mm SL; AMNH 251421 (ex CU 88072) (morpho, EOD), male, 72.9 mm SL. Republic of the Congo, Cuvette-Ouest, Lékénie River at Mboko débarcadère, Odzala National Park (0.62 <i>°</i> N, 14.91 <i>°</i> E), J.P. Friel, S. Lavoué & J.P. Sullivan coll., August 2002.</p> <p> <b>Other specimens.</b> We examined three other specimens from Odzala National Park (specimen list provided in the section "additional material examined").</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Petrocephalus valentini</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is distinguished from all other <i>Petrocephalus</i> species in Central Africa (i.e., Lower Guinea and Congo provinces) by the following combination of characteristics. Dorsal fin with 19–24 branched rays. Anal fin with 24–26 branched rays. Eye large (HL/ED ≤ 3.2, range = 2.9–3.2). Mouth very small (HL/MW ≤ 5.8, range = 4.7–5.8). Twelve teeth or fewer in the upper jaw (range = 7–12), 17 teeth or fewer in the lower jaw (range = 15–17). Pigmentation pattern subtle, including two components: (1) a pale dorsal black mark on each side of the body below the anterior base of the dorsal fin (under the second to sixth dorsal rays); (2) an ovoid mark, sometimes scarcely visible, at the base of the caudal fin, extending weakly onto the upper and lower lobes of the fin. EOD of normal polarity.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Morphometric ratios and meristic data are given in Table 3 for the holotype and paratypes separately. <i>Petrocephalus valentini</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is a small sized species within the genus (maximum SL = 77.2 mm, holotype). Body ovoid, longer than high (2.8 ≤ SL/H ≤ 3.0, paratype average = 2.9, holotype = 2.8) and laterally compressed. Head length between 3.4 and 3.7 times in standard length (paratype average = 3.6, holotype = 3.4). Snout short (6.5 ≤ HL/SNL ≤ 8.2, paratype average = 7.4, holotype = 6.5) and round. Mouth small (4.7 ≤ HL/MW ≤ 5.8, paratype average = 5.2, holotype = 5.1) and sub-terminal, positioned under the anterior half of the eye. Eye large (2.9 ≤ HL/ED ≤ 3.2, paratype average = 3.0, holotype = 3.1). Teeth small and bicuspid, 7–12 (paratype median = 9, holotype = 9) in a single row in the upper jaw, 15–17 (paratype median = 16, holotype = 17) in the lower jaw. Dorsal and anal fins originate in the posterior half of the body (1.6 ≤ SL/PDD ≤ 1.7 and SL/PAD = 1.6). Pre-dorsal distance approximately equal to the pre-anal distance. Dorsal fin with 19–24 branched rays (paratype median = 22, holotype = 22). Anal fin with 24–26 branched rays (paratype median = 25, holotype = 25). Scales cover the body, except for the head. Lateral line visible and complete with 35–36 pored scales along its length (paratype median = 36, holotype = 35). Nine to 12 scales (paratype median = 11, holotype = 11) between the anterior base of the anal fin and the lateral line. Caudal peduncle relatively thin (2.2 ≤ CPL/CPD ≤ 2.5, paratype average = 2.3, holotype = 2.3). Twelve scales around the caudal peduncle. Skin on head thick, turning opaque with formalin fixation. Knollenorgans clearly organized into two visible rosettes (the Augenrosette and the Nackenrosette). During our examination of specimens, we were uncertain about the definitive presence of the third rosette, the Kehlrosette, as this structure did not appear to us to be as distinct as it is in some other species (e.g., <i>P. binotatus</i>). Recently, however, more definitive analysis using toluidine blue staining of the skin suggests that the Kehlrosette is in fact present, but it is indeed smaller and harder to discern than in other <i>Petrocephalus</i> (M. Hollmann and B. A. Carlson, <i>unpub. obs.</i>).</p> <p>Holotype (m) Paratypes (n=8)</p> <p>Min–Max Mean Std–Dev Min–Max Median</p> <p>Meristic counts:</p> <p>Number of scale rows between the anterior base of the 11 9–12 11 anal fin and the lateral line (SDL)</p> <p> Number of teeth in the upper jaw (TUJ) 9 7–12 9 Number of teeth in the lower jaw (TLJ) 17 15–17 16 <b>Live coloration</b> (Fig. 5 A). Body uniformly white-silver, with two faint black patches, sometimes hardly distinguishable: (1) a dorsal mark on each side of the body, below the anterior base of the dorsal fin under the second to the sixth rays; (2) an ovoid/crescent-shaped mark centered at the base of the caudal fin (sometimes the center of this second mark is less distinguishable than the two arms of the crescent), with each arm slightly extending onto the upper and lower parts of the caudal fin. There is no melanin marking at the base of the pectoral fins. Fins translucent.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b> (Fig. 1). Apparently endemic to the Congo basin. Common in Odzala National Park. At night, we collected single specimens cruising in the main channel of the Lékoli River. At the times we surveyed Odzala, <i>P. valentini</i> seemed absent from the small tributary creeks flowing through the park’s forest or savannah. Elsewhere in the Congo basin, <i>P. valentini</i> <b>n. sp.</b> has been collected from the Lower Congo River in the vicinity of the Pool Malebo (museum specimen records, <i>pers. obs.</i>).</p> <p> <b>Electric organ discharge</b> (Fig. 5 C). The EOD waveform produced by <i>P. valentini</i> <b>n. sp.</b> is similar in its characteristics to those produced by many other <i>Petrocephalus</i> species. EOD duration = 0.520 – 1.022 msec.</p> <p> Statistics for waveform landmarks and other EOD measurements are provided by Lavoué <i>et al.</i> (2008). Electrocytes are assumed to be of type NPp based on the EOD waveform, although this has not been confirmed histologically.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Without careful inspection, it is possible that specimens of <i>Petrocephalus valentini</i> <b>n. sp.</b> could be misidentified as <i>Petrocephalus catostoma</i> or <i>Petrocephalus simus</i> because of the absence or near absence of pigmentation patterns in all three species. However, these three species differ from each other in several morphometric measurements and meristic counts, and their geographical distributions, as currently known, are non-overlapping.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named in honor of Mr. Valentin Mbossi, <i>pinassier extraordinaire</i> at Odzala National Park. Fieldwork is as important as laboratory bench work and analysis when it comes to investigations of electric fish taxonomy, behavior and evolution. Valentin assisted us during both of our expeditions to Odzala. We use his first name for this species to reflect our appreciation of him as both colleague and friend and to avoid confusion with a similarly named species, below.</p>Published as part of <i>Lavoué, Sébastien, Sullivan, John P. & Arnegard, Matthew E., 2010, African weakly electric fishes of the genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) of Odzala National Park, Republic of the Congo (Lékoli River, Congo River basin) with description of five new species, pp. 1-52 in Zootaxa 2600</i> on pages 13-16, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/197589">10.5281/zenodo.197589</a>
- …
