316 research outputs found
Conditional nearest regularized subspace classifiers: a fast classification approach for HSI
No full textClassification is an important problem in a large variety of applications, which makes it an open-ended forumfor researchers in various disciplines. In this paper, the proposed two approaches are mostly focused on Nearest Regularized Subspace (NRS) classifier. The proposed
pair of variants are: (1) reducing the computational complexity of NRS classifier termed as Conditional Fast Nearest Regularized
Subspace (CFNRS) classifier and (2) incorporation of dissimilarity feature termed as Conditional Dissimilarity-based Nearest
Regularized Subspace (CDNRS) classifier. Regarding the first approach, the simple k-NN classifier result is used as a condition to
evaluate NRS classifier. Regarding the second approach, an intrafeature dissimilarity measure is considered to create a pair of dictionary
which contains a conditional binary matrix and a dissimilarity feature matrix. Each conditional binary matrix is a collection of distinct
sub-spaces representing their respective classes. The incoming data is classified with the help of a dictionary and classification
performance is validated over other state-of-art approaches. As Hyper-Spectral (HS) data have a strong spectral correlation in terms
of spectral signatures, various such HS data are included for validation of our approach. The experimental study reveals the pros and
cons of different classifiers along with the effectiveness of our proposed approach. The proposed conditional classifier is found to be
able to compete with other, standard classifiers in terms of accuracy and computational complexity, mostly where features possess some
sort of sequence information. The suitability of the proposed classifier is also verified for both binary and multi-class classification problems.
Along with the experimental validation, the statistical significance of the proposed conditional measure is assessed over other standard
state-of-art methods, and the proposed one outperformed the others. The experimental results reveal the importance of dissimilarity
features for classification and also suggest to incorporate a simple classifier such as k-NN, prior to any other classifier. This is mainly
meant to reduce the computational complexity of the selected classifier without compromising the accuracy
On the role of the helicity in the energy transfer in three-dimensional turbulence
No full textBehavior of the turbulent flows could be changed by changing the nature of the external force or the confining geometry which essentially results in breaking some of the symmetries of the ideal homogeneous and isotropic flows. In a numerical simulation, however, it is possible to selectively break symmetries of the Navier-Stokes equations with other constraints like helicity. In a recent [1] simulation of a decimated version of the incompressible three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, where helicity was maintained sign-definite using a helical projection, a reversal of energy cascade similar to two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations was observed. The sign- definite helicity breaks the parity symmetry of the flow. It is one of the important symmetries of the flow that contributes to the forward energy cascade in three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations. In our study we measure the degree to which the parity symmetry controls the direction of the cascade. We introduce a mechanism in which the parity is broken stochastically but in a time frozen manner with helical constraints. We keep triadic interactions in Fourier space involving modes with definite sign of helicity and decimate the triads of other modes with opposite sign of helicity with a fixed probability. We studied the cascade of energy in three dimensional turbulence by changing the relative weight between positive and negative helicity modes. We present the results from our recent simulations
Real-space Manifestations of Bottlenecks in Turbulence Spectra
No full textAn energy-spectrum bottleneck, a bump in the turbulence spectrum between the inertial and dissipation ranges, is shown to occur in the non-turbulent, one-dimensional, hyperviscous Burgers equation and found to be the Fourier-space signature of oscillations in the real-space velocity, which are explained by boundary-layer-expansion techniques. Pseudospectral simulations are used to show that such oscillations occur in velocity correlation functions in one- and three-dimensional hyperviscous hydrodynamical equations that display genuine turbulence
Qualitative analysis of controlled release ciprofloxacin/carbopol 934 mucoadhesive suspension
No full textMucoadhesive polymeric (carbopol 934) suspension of ciprofloxacin was prepared by ultrasonication and optimized with the aim of developing an oral controlled release gastro-retentive dosage form. The qualitative analysis of the formulation was performed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. FTIR (400 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 region) and Raman (140 to 2400 cm-1 region) Spectroscopic studies were carried out and the spectra were used for interpretation. XRD data of pure drug, polymer and the formulation were obtained using a powder diffractometer scanned from a Bragg′s angle (2q) of 10° to 70°. The dispersion of the particle was observed using SEM techniques. The particle size distribution and aspect ratio of particles in the polymeric suspension were obtained from SEM image analysis. The results from FTIR and Raman spectroscopic analyses suggested that, in formulation, the carboxylic groups of ciprofloxacin and hydroxyl groups of C934 undergo a chemical interaction leading to esterification and hydrogen bonding. The XRD data suggested that the retention of crystalline nature of ciprofloxacin in the formulation would lead to increase in stability and drug loading; decrease in solubility; and delay in release of the drug from polymeric suspension with better bioavailability and penetration capacity. The SEM image analysis indicated that, in the formulation maximum particles were having aspect ratio from 2 to 4 and standard deviation was very less which provided supporting evidences for homogeneous, uniformly dispersed, stable controlled release ciprofloxacin suspension which would be pharmaceutically acceptable
Essays on the Indian Economy: Competitive Pressure, Productivity and Performance.
No full textIndia undertook a drastic economic reform program in 1991, with the significant objectives of removing existing inefficiencies and enhancing global competitiveness. A competitive environment is a prerequisite condition for gaining higher productivity. The main desired role of economic liberalization is to enhance the efficient utilization of inputs with relaxing constraints input use and technology choices and gains from international trade by bringing global competitive pressure to the economy. The dissertation proposes a macro productivity-efficiency analysis while taking care of the inter-linkages in the economy. This is extended to address to a few important issues of the Indian economy, viz. income distribution, poverty, wage inequality between skilled and unskilled labour, returns to education and performance of formal and informal sectors. These above-mentioned issues are captured with the help of three independent essays. The analytical tool is based on a general equilibrium-activity analysis where welfare maximization subject to input and trade constraints results in competitive equilibrium. Competitive input prices reflect factor productivity. Incorporation of input-output framework captures the inter-sectoral linkages. The social accounting matrix (SAM), which plays an important role in establishing inter-linkages in the economy by combining input-output analysis and household income distribution, provides the basic data set for our model.
Study on the Genotoxic Effect of Copper Sulphate in the Spotted Snakehead Fish Channa Punctatus (Bloch, 1793)
No full textThe genotoxic effects of a herbicide containing CuSO4 were assessed using the micronucleus assay in Channa punctatus. The study involved intraperitoneal administration of three different doses (1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/kg body weight) and exposure to varying concentrations of copper sulphate (15, 25, and 35 ppm) in laboratory aquaria. Peripheral blood smears stained with 15 to 20% Giemsa (pH=7.0) were examined. Apart from micronuclei, the herbicide induced other nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities. The findings suggest a direct impact of increasing CuSO4 concentration on the biological samples of Channa punctatus. This fish species is commonly found in freshwater habitats like ponds, ditches, wetlands, and rice fields, especially in Odisha, India. India is crucial for maintaining aquatic biodiversity. The study highlights the potential detrimental effects of improper use of CuSO4 containing pesticides in agriculture on Channa punctatus and emphasizes the need for careful management of such chemicals to protect aquatic ecosystems
Realization of Adaptive Beamformer for Angle of Arrival Estimation using FPGA and Xilinx System Generator
No full textA critical analysis of different power quality improvement techniques in microgrid
No full textSummary: Recently, the exponential decay of traditional petroleum and coal-based reserves with the ever-rising energy demand has led to the need for alternate energy sources. Distributed Generation (DG) based on renewable energy sources serves as a viable alternative solution for researchers to counter the issue of rising load. Hence the use of renewable energy sources is of utmost priority. Renewable non-traditional energy resources also have the advantage of being an unlimited energy source and climate-friendly in nature. In this context, distributed micro-generating units come into the picture, popularly known as MicroGrid (MG). The MGs are small-scale resources generating electrical energy and connected to the main utility through power electronic converters. The main drawbacks associated with MGs are their association with converters and switching devices, which leads to the injection of disturbances in the power system. Due to the tremendous use of MGs in modern power systems, the inherent intermittent nature of the renewable sources increased infiltration of nonlinear loads, and the distributed nature of micro-generating units, huge power quality (PQ) issues are observed hazardous to both generation and supply ends. PQ issues could be either the reactive power compensation or the generation of harmonics that hamper the normal functioning of the electrical energy system. To maintain healthy transmission and distribution of electrical power, these issues must be taken care of utmost priority. Because of customer satisfaction, utilities have adopted many profitable schemes and power quality improvement methods. In this regard, around 350 recent review articles have been comprehensively surveyed, and a detailed discussion about regulation of power quality issues using the filters, controllers, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), optimization techniques (OTs), and machine learning tools with modern and advanced control techniques have been highlighted in this review article. A clear idea regarding power quality and its enhancement in MG has been presented. The technical and economic aspects have also been projected in brief. In addition, an in-depth study covering all challenges has been cited, and possible solutions in the future for hassle-free PQ improvement have been suggested in detail. It is believed that this review article would serve as an efficient background for researchers, academicians, electrical engineers, industrialists, and manufacturers working towards the hassle-free operation of MGs by efficient PQ issues mitigation
G-Drazin inverse combined with inner inverse
No full text[EN] This article introduces new classes of generalized inverses for square matrices named GD1, and the dual, called 1GD inverse. In addition, we discuss a few characterizations and representations of these inverses. The explicit expressions of these inverses have been established via core-nilpotent decomposition. Further, we introduce a binary relation for GD1 inverse and 1GD inverse, along with a few derived properties.The second author is partially supported by the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB),Govt. of India [grant ID SUR/2022/004357]. The third author was partially supported by the Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto [grant PPI 18/C559], Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Facultadde Ingenieria [grant resol. nro. 135/19], Universidad Nacional del Sur [grant PGI 24/L108], and Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad (Spain) [grant red de excelencia RED2022-134176-T].Maharana, G.; Sahoo, JK.; Thome, N. (2024). G-Drazin inverse combined with inner inverse. Linear and Multilinear Algebra. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081087.2024.2316786
Commercial importance of seaweeds: an overview
No full textAbstract Seaweeds, a vital source of marine ecosystems, are gaining popularity for their importance in ecological, economic, and industrial applications. These are profusely found in coastal areas due to the promising environmental factors. Various biochemical compounds, such as polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and bioactive chemicals, are present in seaweed, which is useful in numerous industrial applications. Moreover, seaweeds are becoming a useful resource for addressing various environmental sustainability issues and food security, hydrocolloids to functional foods and nutraceuticals. Therefore, the cultivation and harvesting of seaweed using advanced and unique techniques are expanding globally for its efficient and sustainable production. In-depth understanding of the structural variation of seaweed, its taxonomy, and adaptation mechanisms is essential to evaluate its importance in the marine ecosystem. This review focused on botany, advanced farming techniques, and industrial prospects of seaweed, that especially emphasize the role of seaweed products in promoting a sustainable food industry. Further, this review also elaborates on various functional foods, bioactive compounds, and hydrocolloids derived from seaweed to improve food security and promote good health conditions. Besides this, insights into seaweed products for sustainable industrial application of seaweed are also emphasized in this review to address various issues related to global food systems, economic development, and environmental preservation. Graphical Abstrac
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