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Short Report- Entamoeba moshkovskii and Entamoeba dispar -associated Infections in Pondicherry, India
No full textThe prevalence of Laredo strain - Entamoeba moshkovskii - and
non-pathogenic E. dispar in patients attending the Jawaharlal Institute
of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research hospital, Pondicherry,
India, is reported here. E. moshkovskii is reported for the first time
in India. The species are morpho-logically indistinguishable from
pathogenic E. histolytica. Of 746 stool samples screened, 68 showing
cyst or trophozoite stage of E. histolytica, E. dispar, or E.
moshkovskii were subjected to small sub-unit (SSU) rRNA gene-based
polymerase chain reaction, which revealed a higher prevalence of E.
dispar (8.8%) and E. moshkovskii (2.2%) compared to E. histolytica
(1.7%) in patients. Only 19% of the 68 stool samples, resembling E.
histolytica by microscopy, were actually E. histolytica , implying that
81% of suspected infections were misdiagnosed and would have been
treated unnecessarily with antiamoebic drugs
Short Report- Entamoeba moshkovskii and Entamoeba dispar -associated Infections in Pondicherry, India
Get PDFThe prevalence of Laredo strain - Entamoeba moshkovskii - and
non-pathogenic E. dispar in patients attending the Jawaharlal Institute
of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research hospital, Pondicherry,
India, is reported here. E. moshkovskii is reported for the first time
in India. The species are morpho-logically indistinguishable from
pathogenic E. histolytica. Of 746 stool samples screened, 68 showing
cyst or trophozoite stage of E. histolytica, E. dispar, or E.
moshkovskii were subjected to small sub-unit (SSU) rRNA gene-based
polymerase chain reaction, which revealed a higher prevalence of E.
dispar (8.8%) and E. moshkovskii (2.2%) compared to E. histolytica
(1.7%) in patients. Only 19% of the 68 stool samples, resembling E.
histolytica by microscopy, were actually E. histolytica , implying that
81% of suspected infections were misdiagnosed and would have been
treated unnecessarily with antiamoebic drugs
A serological study of cysticercosis in patients with HIV Estudo sorológico da cisticercose em pacientes com HIV
Get PDFNeurocysticercosis (NCC) has attained the importance of one of the most common cause of focal brain lesions in patients infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Adequate data regarding the rate of this co-infection is lacking. Therefore, the present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of cysticercosis among HIV patients residing in Puducherry or its neighboring districts of Tamil Nadu State, India. A total of one hundred blood samples were collected from HIV seropositive cases visiting JIPMER hospital, Puducherry, between June 2007 and May 2008. Enzyme immunotransfer blot (EITB) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to demonstrate anti- T. solium larval stage antibodies and Co-agglutination (Co-A) test was used to detect T. solium larval stage antigens in sera. Two HIV seropositive cases were found positive for anti-T. solium larval stage antibody by EITB and four were positive by ELISA. Only one sample was positive by both EITB and ELISA. No serum sample was found positive for T. solium larval stage antigen by Co-A test. The overall seropositivity detected by all the methods was 5% in this study group. The accurate clinical diagnosis of NCC in HIV is difficult due to deranged immunological parameters in the HIV infected patients. The results of this study provides important data on the prevalence of cysticercosis in HIV positive patients in Puducherry and neighboring areas which was previously unknown. This study will also increase awareness among physicians and public health agencies about T. solium cysticercosis in the selected group.Neurocisticercose (NCC) tem alcançado a importância de uma das mais comuns causas de lesões focais no cérebro em pacientes infectados pelo HIV (vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida). Dados adequados relativos à frequencia desta co-infecção estão faltando. Portanto, o presente estudo foi realizado para determinar a prevalência da cisticercose entre pacientes com HIV residindo em Puducherry ou distritos vizinhos do Estado de Tamil Nadu, India. Um total de cem amostras foram coletadas de casos soropositivos do Hospital JIPMER, Puducherry, entre junho de 2007 e maio de 2008. "Enzyme immunotransfer blot" (EITB) e ELISA foram utilizados para demonstrar anticorpos contra a fase larval do T. solium. Testes de co-aglutinação (Co-a) foram usados para demonstrar antígenos da fase larval do T. solium no soro. Dois casos HIV soropositivos foram positivos para anticorpos contra a fase larval do T. solium por EITB e quatro foram positivos por ELISA. Somente uma amostra foi positiva por ambos EITB e ELISA. Nenhuma amostra de soro foi positiva para antígeno da fase larval do T. solium pelo teste Co-a. A soropositividade total detectada por todos os métodos foi 5% neste grupo de estudo. O diagnóstico clínico exato de NCC em HIV é difícil devido aos desordenados parâmetros imunológicos nos pacientes infectados pelo HIV. Os resultados deste estudo fornecem dados importantes sobre a prevalência da cisticercose em pacientes HIV positivos em Puducherry e áreas vizinhas que eram previamente desconhecidos. Este estudo também aumentará a atenção dos médicos e agências de saúde pública sobre a cisticercose por T. solium em grupo selecionado
In-silico prediction and modeling of the Entamoeba histolytica proteins: Serine-rich Entamoeba histolytica protein and 29 kDa Cysteine-rich protease
No full textBackground Amoebiasis is the third most common parasitic cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in countries with poor hygienic settings. There exists an ambiguity in the diagnosis of amoebiasis, and hence there arises a necessity for a better diagnostic approach. Serine-rich Entamoeba histolyticaprotein (SREHP), peroxiredoxin and Gal/GalNAc lectin are pivotal in E. histolyticavirulence and are extensively studied as diagnostic and vaccine targets. For elucidating the cellular function of these proteins, details regarding their respective quaternary structures are essential. However, studies in this aspect are scant. Hence, this study was carried out to predict the structure of these target proteins and characterize them structurally as well as functionally using appropriate in-silicomethods. Methods The amino acid sequences of the proteins were retrieved from National Centre for Biotechnology Information database and aligned using ClustalW. Bioinformatic tools were employed in the secondary structure and tertiary structure prediction. The predicted structure was validated, and final refinement was carried out. Results The protein structures predicted by i-TASSER were found to be more accurate than Phyre2 based on the validation using SAVES server. The prediction suggests SREHP to be an extracellular protein, peroxiredoxin a peripheral membrane protein while Gal/GalNAc lectin was found to be a cell-wall protein. Signal peptides were found in the amino-acid sequences of SREHP and Gal/GalNAc lectin, whereas they were not present in the peroxiredoxin sequence. Gal/GalNAc lectin showed better antigenicity than the other two proteins studied. All the three proteins exhibited similarity in their structures and were mostly composed of loops. Discussion The structures of SREHP and peroxiredoxin were predicted successfully, while the structure of Gal/GalNAc lectin could not be predicted as it was a complex protein composed of sub-units. Also, this protein showed less similarity with the available structural homologs. The quaternary structures of SREHP and peroxiredoxin predicted from this study would provide better structural and functional insights into these proteins and may aid in development of newer diagnostic assays or enhancement of the available treatment modalities
<i>In-silico</i>prediction and modeling of the<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>proteins: Serine-rich<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>protein and 29 kDa Cysteine-rich protease
Get PDFBackgroundAmoebiasis is the third most common parasitic cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in countries with poor hygienic settings. There exists an ambiguity in the diagnosis of amoebiasis, and hence there arises a necessity for a better diagnostic approach. Serine-richEntamoeba histolyticaprotein (SREHP), peroxiredoxin and Gal/GalNAc lectin are pivotal inE. histolyticavirulence and are extensively studied as diagnostic and vaccine targets. For elucidating the cellular function of these proteins, details regarding their respective quaternary structures are essential. However, studies in this aspect are scant. Hence, this study was carried out to predict the structure of these target proteins and characterize them structurally as well as functionally using appropriatein-silicomethods.MethodsThe amino acid sequences of the proteins were retrieved from National Centre for Biotechnology Information database and aligned using ClustalW. Bioinformatic tools were employed in the secondary structure and tertiary structure prediction. The predicted structure was validated, and final refinement was carried out.ResultsThe protein structures predicted by i-TASSER were found to be more accurate than Phyre2 based on the validation using SAVES server. The prediction suggests SREHP to be an extracellular protein, peroxiredoxin a peripheral membrane protein while Gal/GalNAc lectin was found to be a cell-wall protein. Signal peptides were found in the amino-acid sequences of SREHP and Gal/GalNAc lectin, whereas they were not present in the peroxiredoxin sequence. Gal/GalNAc lectin showed better antigenicity than the other two proteins studied. All the three proteins exhibited similarity in their structures and were mostly composed of loops.DiscussionThe structures of SREHP and peroxiredoxin were predicted successfully, while the structure of Gal/GalNAc lectin could not be predicted as it was a complex protein composed of sub-units. Also, this protein showed less similarity with the available structural homologs. The quaternary structures of SREHP and peroxiredoxin predicted from this study would provide better structural and functional insights into these proteins and may aid in development of newer diagnostic assays or enhancement of the available treatment modalities.</jats:sec
Neurocysticercosis: An Emerging Waterborne Parasitic Disease of Public Health Importance
No full text<i>In-silico </i>prediction and modeling of the <i>Entamoeba histolytica </i>proteins: Serine-rich <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> protein and peroxiredoxin
No full textBackground: Amoebiasis is the third most common parasitic cause of morbidity and mortality particularly in countries with poor hygienic settings. There exists an ambiguity in the diagnosis of amoebiasis, and hence arises a necessity for a better diagnostic approach. Serine-rich Entamoeba histolytica protein (SREHP), peroxiredoxin and Gal/GalNAc lectin are pivotal in E. histolytica virulence and are extensively studied as diagnostic and vaccine targets. For elucidating the cellular function of these proteins, details regarding their respective quaternary structures are essential which are not available till date. Hence, this study was carried out to predict the structure of these target proteins and characterize them structurally as well as functionally using relevant in-silico methods.
Methods:The amino acid sequences of the proteins were retrieved from National Centre for Biotechnology Information database and aligned using ClustalW. Bioinformatic tools were employed in the secondary structure and tertiary structure prediction. The predicted structure was validated, and final refinement was carried out.
Results: The protein structures predicted by i-TASSER were found to be more accurate than Phyre2 based on the validation using SAVES server. The prediction suggests SREHP to be a extracellular protein, peroxiredoxin was a peripheral membrane protein, while Gal/GalAc was found to be a cell-wall protein. Signal peptides were found in the amino-acid sequences of SREHP and Gal/GalNAc, whereas they were not present in the peroxiredoxin sequence. Gal/GalNAc lectin showed better antigenicity than the other two proteins studied. All three proteins exhibited similarity in their structures and were mostly composed of loops.
Discussion:The structures of SREHP and peroxiredoxin were predicted successfully, while the structure of Gal/GalNAc lectin could not be predicted as it was a complex protein composed of three sub-units. Also, this protein showed less similarity with the available structural homologs. The quaternary structures predicted from this study would provide better structural and functional insights into these proteins and may aid in development of newer diagnostic assays or enhancement of the available treatment modalities.</jats:p
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