32,848 research outputs found
The reminiscences of Thomas Stubbs, 1820 - 1877
No full textThe "Reminiscences" of Thomas Stubbs are one of several such compositions which have survived from the 1820 Settlers. The manuscript offers one of the fullest and most lively accounts of frontier life, and the experiences of the Settlers as seen through the eyes of Thomas Stubbs. The object of this thesis has been to reconstruct the life of Thomas Stubbs which has proved an arduous yet absorbing task and to comment upon and evaluate some of the views Stubbs expressed when he wrote the "Reminiscences" between 1874 and 1875, as well as to test, where possible, the validity of the opinions and sentiments formed during a half-century's acquaintance with the Eastern frontier of the Cape of Good Hope
Plan of 15 building plots on the Old South Head Road [cartographic material] : to be sold by auction by Mr. Stubbs 18th January, 1841.
No full textInset: [Local sketch]; Map 373 from Ferguson Collection.; Sales plan for estate "nearly opposite the new Court House" now Darlinghurst area, Sydney N.S.W.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-f373
The Great Broughton Ground estate, in York and Clarence Streets [cartographic material] : for sale by Mr. Stubbs ... on Wednesday the 3rd Novr. 1841 at 12 o'clock precisely.
No full textSales plan of 18 lots adjacent to the old City Markets and Police Office.; "Baker's lithog: King St. east".; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-rm3254; Handwritten annotations pencilled on Library's copy
Replication Data for: Social protection and the International Monetary Fund: Promise versus performance
No full textBackground: Countries in the Global South are currently facing momentous economic and social challenges, including major debt service problems. As in previous periods of global financial instability, a growing number of countries have turned to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for financial assistance. The organization has a long track-record of advocating for extensive fiscal consolidation—commonly known as 'austerity'—for its borrowers. However, in recent years, the IMF has announced major initiatives for ensuring that its loans support social spending, thus aiding countries in meeting their development targets and the Sustainable Development Goals. To assess this track record, we collected spending data on 21 loans signed in the 2020-2022 period, including from all their periodic reviews up to August 2023.
Results: We find that austerity measures remain a core part of the organization’s mandated policies for its borrowers: 15 of the 21 countries studied here experience a decrease in fiscal space over the course of their IMF programs. Against this fiscal backdrop, social spending floors have failed to live up to their promise. There is no streamlined definition of these floors, thus rendering their application haphazard and inconsistent. But even on their own terms, these floors lack ambition: they often do not foresee trajectories of meaningful social spending increases over time, and, when they do, many of these gains are eaten up by soaring inflation. In addition, a third of social spending floors are not implemented—a much lower implementation rate from that for austerity conditions, which the IMF prioritizes. In several instances, where floors are implemented, they are not meaningfully exceeded, thus—in practice—acting as social spending ceilings.
Conclusions: The IMF’s lending programs are still heavily focused on austerity, and its strategy on social spending has not represented the sea-change that the organization advertised. At best, social spending floors act as damage control for the painful budget cuts: they are instruments of social amelioration, underpinned by principles of targeted assistance for highly disadvantaged groups. Alternative approaches rooted in principles of universalism can be employed to build up durable and resilient social protection systems
Replication Data for: A Thousand Cuts: Social Protection in the Age of Austerity
No full textThe dominant policy response to economic crises over the past four decades has been the introduction of austerity. How has this mix of budget cuts and reforms to downsize the role of the state evolved over time? What affect has it had on social policies and on people’s lives? This book examines the activities of the world’s leading advocate of austerity: the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This international organization lends to countries facing economic trouble in exchange for the implementation of far-reaching austerity measures. Drawing on new data, the authors reveal that although the precise content of IMF-mandated austerity has changed considerably over time, the organization continues to place a high burden of reform on countries in crisis. These reforms then decrease the availability of important social services, and contribute to rises in income inequality and declines in population health. These findings form the first systematic assessment of how austerity has impacted people’s lives and livelihoods around the world. Will such policy mistakes be avoided in the post-pandemic world? The early evidence presented in this book do not raise grounds for optimism. Public expenditure projections reveal that in 2023, 86 out of 189 countries—mostly middle-income ones—face contractions in government spending compared to their 2010s average, thereby exposing a cumulative total of 2.3 billion people to the socioeconomic consequences of budget cuts
Austerity Redux: The Post‐pandemic Wave of Budget Cuts and the Future of Global Public Health
No full textThe convergence of health, economic and social crises over the past 1.5 years has posed profound questions over the direction of travel for the world after COVID-19. The narrative emerging out of major international organizations like the International Monetary Fund stresses avoiding a ‘divergent recovery’, whereby some countries steam ahead with high growth rates underpinned by robust government interventions and others fall further behind. In this account, crisis aftermath should not witness budget cuts, but investment in employment and human capital formation. So, is austerity a thing of the past? In this article, we review available evidence, focusing on public spending projections by the IMF and the precise content of IMF lending arrangements. Overall, we find that abandonment of the austerity argument is partially true right now, and questionable in the medium-term. Our analysis of public expenditure projections reveals that by 2023, 83 out of 189 countries will face contractions in government spending compared to their 2010s average, thereby exposing a cumulative total of 2.3 billion people to the socio-economic consequences of budget cuts. Most of the contracting countries will be middle-income, while public spending in low-income countries is expected to stagnate at low levels. Further, the IMF's lending arrangements reveal the return of extensive austerity measures and structural reforms, reminiscent of the organization's past policy advice. Drawing on these findings, we elaborate on how this will likely impact global public health
Thomas Stubbs, 1820 Settler: Out the Box and into the Bush
No full textA Xhosa oral tradition claims that the great warrior, Chief Maqoma, once asked why Thomas Stubbs fought against them, when he had been raised as one of their own? Even Stubbs’ biographer, Robert McGeoch, believed that he spoke the Xhosa language fluently. Yet, on such things, Stubbs remained silent when he wrote up his Reminiscences. He only told the story of the hunting trips in private to close friends. In Stubbs’s published memoirs, the most solid evidence of his special relationship to the Xhosa people is a map that he drew in 1847, showing all the Xhosa trails through the thick Fish River bush. Where else could this knowledge have come from, but those who showed him? Stubbs also mentioned that one time, just as a battle was about to start, his Xhosa adversaries shouted out and called to him by name
Sizergh, Westmorland
No full text'SIZERGH. Westmorland The Seat of THOMAS STRICKLAND ESQR. J Stubbs delt. et litho. 1881'
Thomas Grisell letter to Thomas Rotch, 2nd mo 19th 1823
No full textThomas Grisell's letter reached the Rotch household several months before the unexpected death of Thomas Rotch in August, 1823. This is the last letter of the series and presumably the author learned of his friend's death before another letter was penned. 7.95" x 10" (20.2 by 25.5 cm
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