51 research outputs found
Cello techniques and performing practices in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
Get PDFThis thesis comprises a study of cello performance practices throughout the nineteenth century and into the early decades of the twentieth. It is organised in terms of the increasing complexity of the concepts which it examines, as they are to be found in printed and manuscript music, instrumental methods and larger treatises, early recordings, concert reviews and pictures. Basic posture is considered along with different ways of holding the
bow. The development of the tail-pin shows that even when it was widely used, the older posture was still referred to as a model. Some implications for tone quality and tonal
projection are considered in the light of the shape of the arms. Some connections between the cellist's posture and that recommended by etiquette books are explored. The
functionality of the left hand and arm, and the development of modem scale fingerings, show that there was a considerable period of overlap between newer and older practices, with modern scale fingerings evolving over a long period of time. Similarly, views on the function of the right wrist in bowing are shown to change gradually, moving towards a more active upper arm movement with less extreme flexibility of the wrist. Two central expressive techniques especially associated with string playing arc considered in the context of the cello, namely vibrato and portamento. These topics are examined in the light of written indications in music, recommendations in cello treatises, and the practices evidenced in early recordings. The sources for this study can be brought into an overall
framework of a constant dialogue between `theory', as expressed in verbal instructions to the learner, or general a priori reflections about the cello, and `practice', manifested in performing editions and early recordings, or in individual acts of reception. A wide divergence is noted, both between theory and practice in general, and in terms of different styles of playing observable at any one time. It is suggested that tensions between practice
and critical disapproval can be resolved in terms of Lacanian discourse. Several test cases are used in order to compare several different recordings of the same works. The question of the musical character of the cello is discussed in terms of widespread assumptions about its gendered identity. A wide range of sources suggest that this moved from a straightforwardly `masculine' identity expressed through a controlling, elevated eloquence to a less clearly defined one, incorporating the 'feminine', with a greater stress on uninhibited emotional expression. Some performance implications for this change of view are pursued with respect to specific repertoires. Broad conclusions stress the importance of the diversity of performance practices as opposed to unifying generalisations
The new enfant du siècle: Joseph de Maistre as a writer
No full textThe essays contained within this volume were first presented at Reappraisals/Reconsidérations, the Fifth International Colloquium on Joseph de Maistre, held at Jesus College, Cambridge on 4 and 5 December 2008.Series editor-in-chief: Guy Rowlands, University of St AndrewsJoseph de Maistre's reputation as a writer is legendary. His style, unique and alive, moulded the French language anew. It sabotaged his attempts at anonymous publication and earned him, through the centuries, the praises of enemies and admirers. Yet the relationship between Maistre's thought and writing remains ill-known. This collection is the first to examine how Maistre's ideas – including his denunciation of the written word – intersected with his writing practices and personas. The essays disclose an author formed by duty and affectionate relationships, by the conventions of public combat, by an intense sense of history, and by the imperatives of Revolution.Introduction: assessing Maistre's style and rhetoric / Richard A. Lebrun -- Joseph de Maistre as pamphleteer / Richard A. Lebrun -- Joseph de Maistre, letter writer / Pierre Glaudes ; translated by Kevin Michael Erwin and Richard A. Lebrun -- Joseph de Maistre: the paradox of the writer / Benjamin Thurston -- Epilogue: the forced inhabitant of history / Carolina ArmenterosPublisher PD
Post 1990s Dance Theatre and (the idea of) the Neutral
No full textPhDThe thesis focuses on the concept of neutrality in the works of contemporary
European (post 1990s) choreographers. While broad ideas around neutrality are
considered, the thesis primarily engages with Roland Barthes’ definition of
neutrality as a structural term: 'every inflection that, dodging or baffling the
paradigmatic, oppositional structure of meaning, aims at the suspension of the
conflictual basis of discourse'. I argue that the minimalist work of Judson
Church, New York City, is anticipating the interest in the neutral that will more
strongly formulate itself in dance theatre after the 1990s. In the first chapter on
Jérôme Bel, the concept of neutrality is introduced as a general idea, together with
its inherent problem. The 'problem' is not that this or that element that Bel
chooses cannot be perceived as neutral, but that neutral or stage zero can never be
neutral enough. The second chapter, dedicated to the work of Thomas Lehmen,
explores the idea of 'neutralization' in relation to the notion of the self in
Lehmen's performance, where 'It is not I or you who lives: 'one' (une vie) lives in
us' (P. Hallward). In the third chapter I argue that in Raimund Hoghe’s
performances, love is conceived essentially as a balance between narcissism and
pure object-love – as a neutral state. The fourth chapter, on Croatia’s BADco.,
gravitates around the ways in which group processes function, arguing that the
idea of the neutral is located in the ‘invisible hand’ of emergence. The thesis shifts
academic performance analysis towards a more concept-based approach,
unpicking and/or constructing timeless, abstract and broad concepts and ideas that
the work of these choreographers resonates with
Kurt Kersten Collection 1939-1994
No full textPart I contains personal documents.Part II contains correspondence with newspapers, journals, publishers, and individuals, including Jakob Altmaier, Julius Bab, C.F.W. Behl, Eduard Benes, Joseph Bornstein, Elisabeth Castonier, Julius Deutsch, Alfred Doeblin, John Dos Passos, Lion Feuchtwanger, Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster, Leonhard Frank, Claire Goll, Oscar Maria Graf, Babette L. Gross, Georg Grosz, Emil J. Gumbel, Willy Haas, Theodor Heuss, Kurt Hiller, Heinrich Eduard Jacob, Erich Kaestner, Alfred Kerr, Hermann Kesten, Gustav Kiepenheuer, Emil Ludwig, Erika Mann, Monika Mann, Thomas Mann, Ludwig Marcuse, Walter Mehring, H. L. Mencken, Martin Niemoeller, Franz Pfemfert, Jacob Picard, Kurt Pinthus, Erwin Piscator, Ernst Reuter, Ernst Rowohlt, Anna Seghers, Upton Sinclair, Dorothy Thompson, Fritz von Unruh, Veit Valentin, Bruno Weil, Thornton Wilder, and Duke Odo of Wuerttemberg. About half of the senders are Jewish and nearly all the senders are writers or politicians, refugees from Hitler persecution. The correspondence contains many reports about the years of persecution.Part III contains published and unpublished manuscripts. Manuscripts in this collection contain the following titles: Die Alte Deutsche ; Beloved Josephine ; Die Berghexe ; Black Antisemitism ; Encounter with Benjamin Franklin ; Das Ende von Willi Mienzenberger ; Die Ermordung Leo Trotskys ; Flucht aus Frankreich ; Jean Gallatin ; George Mandel ; Die Geschichte von Clothilde ; Die Geschwister ; Goethe und amerikanische Schriftsteller ; Der gute Priester von St.Pierre ; Helpers in Hell ; Höhepunkte der amerikanischen Literatur ; Der Kampf mit dem Tisch ; Lessing und die Freimaurer ; The Negropress in the U.S. ; Oskar Wildes Hotelwirt ; Der Tod auf der Insel, ein westindisches Tagebuch, 139p. There is also a manuscript with notes and supplementary correspondence concerning the last years of Rudolf Breitscheid and Rudolf Hilferding in Vichy France: Das Ende Rudolf Breitscheid und Rudolf Hilferdings (1957)Part IV contains material concerning the eighteenth-century naturalist and revolutionary Johann Georg Forster and on the author Robert Breuer, a close friend of Kersten who died in Martinique.Part V is a large collection of newspaper essays by Kurt Kersten from 1937 to 1961.Born in Weldheiden bei Kassel on April 19, 1891, Kurt Kersten studied in Munich and Berlin and served in World War I. From 1919 to 1933 he worked as a freelance journalist in close association with left-wing expressionists. He made several trips to the USSR and contributed to the German Communist press. He emigrated to Switzerland in 1934, Czechoslovakia the same year, France in 1937, and the United States via Morocco and Martinique, 1940-1945. He was active in exile affairs and continued to work as an author and publicist. Kersten occasionally used the pseudonym Georg Forster. He died in New York City on May 18, 1962.digitize
Musikstädte as real and imaginary soundscapes: urban musical images as literary motifs in twentieth-century German modernism
No full textPhDThis study examines German literary images of musical life as part of the wider sound identity of the modern German city at the turn of the twentieth century. Focussing on a forty-year period from 1890 to 1930, synonymous with the emergence of the modern German metropolis as an aesthetic object, the project assesses, compares and contrasts how musical life in the Musikstädte was perceived and portrayed by writers in an increasingly noisy urban environment. How does urban musical life influence and condition city writings? What are the differences and similarities between the writings on various musical cities? Can an urban textual sound identity be derived from these differences and similarities? The approach employed to answer these questions is a new, cross-disciplinary one to urban sound in literature, moving beyond reading the key sounds of the urban soundscape using urban musicology, sensorial anthropology and cultural poetics towards a literary contextualisation of the urban aural experience.
The literary motifs of the symphony, the gramophone and urban noise are put under the spotlight through the analysis of a wide range of modernist works by authors who have a special relationship with music. At the centre of this analysis are the Kaffeehausliteratur authors Hermann Bahr, Alfred Polgar and Peter Altenberg, the then Munich-based author Thomas Mann and the lesser known René Schickele. The analysis of these particular works is framed in the music-geographical context of the Musikstadt and literary underpinnings of this topos, ranging from Ingeborg Bachmann to Hans Mayer and, once again, Thomas Mann. In analysing these texts, the methodological approach devised by Strohm, who identifies the blending of a range of urban sounds as a definition of urban space and identity, is applied. His ideas combine historical literary
analysis, musical history and urban sociology. They are rarely used in the analysis of the auditory environment.Arts and Humanities Research Council
Westfield TrustWestfield Trust Studentship
Arts and Humanities Reseach Council (AHRC
Industrial validation of conductivity and viscosity models for copper electrolysis processes
No full textFunding Information: This research was performed within the SIMP (System Integrated Metal Production) project (grant number 2140/31/2013) of DIMECC (Digital, Internet, Materials & Engineering Co-Creation (Tampere, Finland)) and BATCircle project (grant number 4853/31/2018) supported by Business Finland. In addition, Taina Kalliomäki would like to thank the Emil Aaltonen Foundation and Arif T. Aji the LPDP, Indonesian Endowment Fund for Education, (grant number S-1440/LPDP.3/2015) for additional funding. The RawMatTERS Finland Infrastructure (RAMI) based at Aalto University and supported by Academy of Finland is also greatly acknowledged. Finally, the authors would like to acknowledge the personnel in Glencore Nikkelverk AS, Reference Tankhouses 2 and 3, and Boliden Harjavalta Oy for their assistance and for permission to publish the results. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)In copper electrorefining and electrowinning, the conductivity and viscosity of the electrolyte affect the energy consumption, and for electrorefining the purity of cathode copper. Consequently, accurate models for predicting these properties are highly important. Although the modeling of conductivity and viscosity of synthetic copper electrolytes has been previously studied, only a few models have been validated with actual industrial electrolytes. The conductivity and viscosity models outlined in this study were developed using conductivity and viscosity measurements from both synthetic and industrial solutions. The synthetic electrolytes were investigated over a temperature range between 50–70 °C and typical concentrations of Cu (40–90 g/dm3), Ni (0–30 g/dm3), Fe (0–10 g/dm3), Co (0–5 g/dm3), As (0–63.8 g/dm3), H2SO4 (50–223 g/dm3) as well as other solution impurities like Sb in some cases. Validation of the synthetic electrolyte models was performed through industrial measurements at three copper plants across Europe. Generally, the developed models predicted the conductivities and viscosities of industrial solutions with high accuracy. The viscosity models covered extended ranges of both [H2SO4] and [Cu] with percentage errors of only (2.08 ± 0.59) - (2.48 ± 0.61). For conductivity, two different models for low (142 g/dm3) [H2SO4] electrolytes were utilized. Their error margins were (−1.96 ± 0.84) - (−1.44 ± 0.35) and (1.17 ± 0.27) - (2.52 ± 0.28), respectively. In the case of high [H2SO4] electrolytes, the validations focused on conductivity, and the highest level of accuracy was obtained when the effects of Sb and other minor impurities were considered.Peer reviewe
Validation of SFRP1 Promoter Hypermethylation in Plasma as a Prognostic Marker for Survival and Gemcitabine Effectiveness in Patients with Stage IV Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Get PDFNo reliable predictive blood-based biomarkers are available for determining survivalfrom pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This combined discovery and validation study examinespromoter hypermethylation (ph) of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) in plasma-derivedcell-free DNA as an independent prognostic marker for survival and Gemcitabine effectiveness inpatients with stage IV PDAC. We conducted methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysisof the promoter region of the SFRP1 gene, based on bisulfite treatment. Survival was analyzed withKaplan–Meier curves, log-rank test, and Cox regression. The discovery cohort included 40 patients,25 receiving Gem. Gem-treated patients with phSFRP1 had a shorter median overall survival (mOS)(4.4 months) than unmethylated patients (11.6 months). Adjusted Cox-regression yielded a hazardrate (HR) of 3.48 (1.39–8.70). The validation cohort included 58 Gem-treated patients. Patientswith phSFRP1 had a shorter mOS (3.2 months) than unmethylated patients (6.3 months). AdjustedCox regression yielded an HR of 3.53 (1.85–6.74). In both cohorts, phSFRP1 was associated withpoorer survival in Gem-treated patients. This may indicate that tumors with phSFRP1 are moreaggressive and less sensitive to Gem treatment. This knowledge may facilitate tailored treatment ofpatients with stage IV PDAC. Further studies are planned to examine phSFRP1 in more intensivechemotherapy regimens
Validation of Updated Diagnostic Criteria:IDH-Wildtype Diffuse Astrocytoma with Molecular Features of Glioblastoma
Get PDFIntroductionA committee recently agreed on a panel of three molecular criteria, able to identify isocitrate dehydrogenase wildtype (IDHwt) diffuse astrocytic gliomas (DA) exhibiting a more aggressive clinical course with shorter survival, resembling glioblastoma WHO grade IV [1]. The criteria are epidermal growth factor receptor amplification, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation and combined whole chromosome 7 gain and whole chromosome 10 loss. Only one molecular criteria is required to diagnose: “Diffuse astrocytic glioma, IDH wildtype, with molecular features of glioblastoma, WHO grade IV”. The aim of this study was to validate the updated diagnostic criteria. Materials and MethodsPatients diagnosed with DA from 2004-2018, at Aalborg University Hospital were included. Tumor samples from the time of diagnosis were examined for the molecular markers using Next Generation Sequencing, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Crude and adjusted cox regression analyses, log-rank tests and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare survival. Results44 patients were included. Median follow-up was 9.1 years and shortest 1.1 years. The median overall survival of patients with IDHwt DA with or without one of the molecular criteria was 10 and 16.5 months, respectively (p=0.17). Cox regression analysis of the molecular criteria in the subgroup of patients with IDHwt tumors yielded a HR of 3.9 (95% CI; 0.49-31.3) and the adjusted model yielded a HR of 14.6 (95% CI; 0.76-277). An adjusted model including patients with both IDHwt and IDH-mutant tumors gave a HR of 3.89 (95% CI; 1.33-11.4). ConclusionsThe molecular criteria predicted a significantly poorer survival independent of IDH-status. In patients with IDHwt tumors, the molecular criteria trended towards poorer survival. Due to the limited sample size, we could not definitely validate the proposed model. A larger multicenter study is ongoing
Validation of Updated Diagnostic Criteria:IDH-Wildtype Diffuse Astrocytoma with Molecular Features of Glioblastoma
Get PDFIntroductionA committee recently agreed on a panel of three molecular criteria, able to identify isocitrate dehydrogenase wildtype (IDHwt) diffuse astrocytic gliomas (DA) exhibiting a more aggressive clinical course with shorter survival, resembling glioblastoma WHO grade IV [1]. The criteria are epidermal growth factor receptor amplification, telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter mutation and combined whole chromosome 7 gain and whole chromosome 10 loss. Only one molecular criteria is required to diagnose: “Diffuse astrocytic glioma, IDH wildtype, with molecular features of glioblastoma, WHO grade IV”. The aim of this study was to validate the updated diagnostic criteria. Materials and MethodsPatients diagnosed with DA from 2004-2018, at Aalborg University Hospital were included. Tumor samples from the time of diagnosis were examined for the molecular markers using Next Generation Sequencing, immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Crude and adjusted cox regression analyses, log-rank tests and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare survival. Results44 patients were included. Median follow-up was 9.1 years and shortest 1.1 years. The median overall survival of patients with IDHwt DA with or without one of the molecular criteria was 10 and 16.5 months, respectively (p=0.17). Cox regression analysis of the molecular criteria in the subgroup of patients with IDHwt tumors yielded a HR of 3.9 (95% CI; 0.49-31.3) and the adjusted model yielded a HR of 14.6 (95% CI; 0.76-277). An adjusted model including patients with both IDHwt and IDH-mutant tumors gave a HR of 3.89 (95% CI; 1.33-11.4). ConclusionsThe molecular criteria predicted a significantly poorer survival independent of IDH-status. In patients with IDHwt tumors, the molecular criteria trended towards poorer survival. Due to the limited sample size, we could not definitely validate the proposed model. A larger multicenter study is ongoing
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