1,721,031 research outputs found
Identification of heart arrhythmias in the field, without the presence of the medical doctor
Full text linkUvod: Motnje srčnega ritma so pogost zdravstveni problem v današnji družbi. Zaradi novega pravilnika Nujne medicinske pomoči in enotne dispečerske službe zdravstva se bodo z njimi pogosteje srečevali tudi zdravstveni reševalci na terenu kot ekipa v nujnem reševalnem vozilu, ki ne predvideva prisotnosti zdravnika.
Metode: V empiričnem delu smo predstavili raziskavo, ki smo jo opravili na 10 reševalnih postajah v Sloveniji s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika. Anketni vprašalnik je bil sestavljen iz 12 vprašanj. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 142 reševalcev iz zdravstva. Raziskava je trajala od januarja 2018 do aprila 2018.
Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da večina reševalcev prepozna najpogostejše nevarne motnje ritma in bi jih tudi ustrezno zdravila, slabše pa nekatere bradikardne motnje srčnega ritma, ter da imajo reševalci z najmanj delovne dobe in reševalci z največ delovne dobe največ znanja o prepoznavi nevarnih motenj ritma.
Razprava in sklep: Z raziskavo smo potrdili hipotezo, da imajo reševalci dovolj znanja, da lahko samostojno začnejo zdraviti nevarno motnjo ritma, vendar bi bilo treba njihovo znanje na nekaterih področjih nadgraditi.Introduction: Heart arrhythmias are a common health problem in today\u27s society. Due to the new Emergency Medical Regulations and Unified Health Dispatch Service, they will also be more likely to be encountered by on-site paramedics as a team in an emergency ambulance that does not anticipate the presence of a medical doctor.
Methods: In the empirical part, we presented a survey conducted by 10 rescue stations in Slovenia using a survey questionnaire. The survey questionnaire consisted of 12 questions. The survey involved 142 paramedics. The survey ran from January 2018 to April 2018.
Results: We found that most paramedics identified the most common dangerous rhythm disorders and would treat them appropriately, but poorer some bradycardic heart rhythm disorders, and that paramedics with the least working experiences and paramedics with the most working experiences had the most knowledge about identifying dangerous heart arrhythmias.
Discussion and conclusion: The research confirmed the hypothesis that paramedics have sufficient knowledge to independently start a dangerous heart arrhythmias, but in some areas their knowledge should be upgraded
Dynamics of Capillary Lactate Levels in Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Full text linkIzhodišča: Temelj učinkovitega kardiopulmonalnega oživljanja je vzpostavitev čim boljše tkivne perfuzije. Namen študije je bil ugotoviti povezavo med kapilarnimi vrednosti laktata, začetnim ritmom in verjetnostjo ponovne vzpostavitve spontanega krvnega obtoka pri bolnikih z zunajbolnišničnim srčnim zastojem.
Metode: V raziskavo smo vključili vse bolnike z netravmatskim srčnim zastojem izven bolnišnice, starejše od 18 let, ki jih je oživljala predbolnišnična ekipa nujne medicinske pomoči med aprilom 2020 in junijem 2021. Vzorci kapilarnega laktata so bili zbrani ob prihodu in v 10 minutih intervalih po prvi meritvi do trenutka vrnitve spontanega krvnega obtoka (ROSC) ali, v kolikor ROSC ni bil dosežen, v času razglasitve smrti na kraju dogodka.
Rezultati: V študijo je bilo vključeno 83 bolnikov. ROSC je bil dosežen pri 28 bolnikih (33,7 %), 21 jih je bilo sprejetih v bolnišnico (26,3 %), 6 (7,23 %) pa jih je bilo odpuščenih iz bolnišnice. Inicialne vrednosti kapilarnega laktata so bile značilno višje pri bolnikih z nešokabilnim ritmom v primerjavi s skupino s šokabilnim ritmom (9,19 ± 4,6 proti 6,43 ± 3,81p = 0,037). Pomembna razlika med skupinama je obstajala tudi pri drugem vzorcu, vzetem 10 minut po začetni vrednosti, (10,03 ± 5,19 proti 5,18 ± 3,47p = 0,019). Povprečne vrednosti kapilarnega laktata so bile višje v skupini z ROSC v primerjavi s skupino brez ROSC (11,10 ± 6,59 oziroma 6,77 ± 4,23p = 0,047) in so sovpadale s povprečnim časom povrnitve spontanega krvnega obtoka.
Zaključki: Začetne vrednosti kapilarnega laktata so pri bolnikiih z zunajbolnišničnim srčnim zastojem (OHCA) statistično pomembno višje pri bolnikih z inicialnim nešokabilnim ritmom. Prav tako so povprečne vrednosti kapilarnega laktata višje pri bolnikih z ROSC ob času povrnitve spontanega krvnega obtoka.Background: The foundation of effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the establishment of the best possible tissue perfusion. Aim of this study was to determine the relationship between capillary lactate values, initial rhythm and the probability of restoration of spontaneous blood circulation in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Methods: This study included all out-of-hospital non-traumatic cardiac arrest patients older than 18 years who were resuscitated by the prehospital emergency medical team between April 2020 and June 2021. Capillary lactate samples were collected on arrival and at 10-minute intervals after the first measurement until the moment of return of spontaneous blood circulation (ROSC) or, if ROSC has not been achieved, in at the time of declaration of death at the scene.
Results: 83 patients were included in the study. ROSC was achieved in 28 patients (33.7%), 21 were admitted to the hospital (26.3%), and 6 (7.23%) were discharged from the hospital. Initial values of capillary lactate were significantly higher in patients with non-shockable rhythm compared to the group with shockable rhythm (9.19 ± 4.6 vs. 6.43 ± 3.81p = 0.037). A significant difference between groups also existed in the second sample taken 10 minutes after baseline (10.03 ± 5.19 vs. 5.18 ± 3.47p = 0.019). Mean values of capillary lactate were higher in the group with ROSC compared to the group without ROSC (11.10 ± 6.59 and 6.77 ± 4.23, respectivelyp = 0.047) and coincided with the mean time to recovery of spontaneous blood circulation.
Conclusions: Capillary lactate values in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are statistically significantly higher in patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm. Mean values of capillary lactate are also higher in patients with ROSC at the time of recovery of spontaneous blood circulation
Centeredness of triage process on caring for patient and his safety
Full text linkIzhodišča: Triaža na urgenci je dinamičen proces, kjer triažni zdravstveni strokovnjak analizira pacientovo zdravstveno stanje in določa stopnjo nujnosti obravnave, pri čemer se mora osredotočiti na skrbno ravnanje in zagotavljanje varnosti.
Namen: Raziskati kulturo varnosti in skrb za pacienta v triažnem procesu ter njuno povezavo z izvajanjem triažnega procesa pri urgentnem pacientu.
Metode: Izvedli smo dvostopenjski zaporedni pojasnjevalni načrt mešanih metod med zaposlenimi triažnimi zdravstvenimi strokovnjaki v 11 slovenskih urgentnih centrih med majem 2020 in julijem 2022. Kvantitativne podatke smo zbrali s pomočjo vprašalnikov ter analizirali z opisno in sklepno statistiko. V kvalitativnem delu smo uporabili metodo utemeljene teorije ter podatke pridobili z delno strukturiranimi intervjuji. Rezultate obeh faz smo povezali s pilarnim integracijskim procesom.
Rezultati: Identificirali smo sedem ključnih elementov: (1) usposobljenost in znanje, (2) delovni pogoji in okolje, (3) timska dinamika in sodelovanje, (4) skrb za pacienta, (5) triažni proces in sistem triažiranja, (6) značaj triažnih zdravstvenih strokovnjakov in (7) sinergija skrbi in varnosti.
Razprava in zaključki: Rezultati raziskave poudarjajo nujnost izboljšanja varnostne kulture v procesu triaže. Zaznavanja triažnih zdravstvenih strokovnjakov jasno kažejo, da je varnost pacientov neločljivo povezana z skrbnim ravnanjem med triažnim procesom in poudarjajo, da sta skrb za pacienta in njegovo varnost med procesom triaže prepletena.Background: Triage in the emergency department is a dynamic process where the triage healthcare professional analyses the patient\u27s health condition and determines their level of urgency for treatment, focusing on caring behaviour and patient safety.
Aim: To explore the safety culture and caring for the patient during the triage process and their relationship to the implementation of the triage process.
Methods: We conducted a two-stage sequential explanatory mixed methods design among triage health care professionals employed in 11 Slovenian emergency centres between May 2020 and July 2022. In the quantitative part, data were collected using questionnaires and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In the qualitative part, we used the grounded theory method and obtained data through semi-structured interviews. The results obtained in the quantitative and qualitative phases were linked with the pilar integration process.
Results: Seven key elements were identified: (1) Competence and knowledge, (2) Working conditions and environment, (3) Team dynamics and collaboration, (4) Patient care, (5) Triage process and triage system, (6) Character of triage health workers, and (7) Synergy of care and safety.
Discussion and conclusions: The results of our study highlight the need to improve the safety culture in the triage process. The perceptions of triage health professionals clearly indicate that patient safety is inextricably linked to their caring behaviour during the triage process and highlight that caring for the patient and their safety are intertwined during the triage process
Health professional´s knowledge of non-invasive mechanical ventilation
Full text linkUvod: V diplomskem delu smo predstavili neinvazivno mehansko ventilacijo pacienta in s pomočjo vprašalnika ugotavljali, v kolikšni meri zaposleni v urgentnem centru in na oddelkih intenzivne terapije ta način zdravljenja poznajo in ga uporabljajo.
Metode: Pri izdelavi zaključnega dela smo uporabili kvantitativno metodologijo raziskovanja z metodo anketiranja. Izvedli smo presečno deskriptivno raziskavo, ki je potekala meseca julija in avgusta 2020. V raziskavo smo vključili 68 medicinskih sester, ki delajo na urgenci in oddelku intenzivne terapije.
Rezultati: S pomočjo vprašalnika smo ugotovili, da anketiranci le deloma poznajo neinvazivno mehansko ventilacijo. V naši raziskavi ugotavljamo, da 76,44 % anketirancev (n = 52) meni, da je njihovo znanje o NIV dokaj dobro. Znanje o NIV je 85,26 % anketirancev (n = 58) pridobilo od sodelavcev v službi in 60,27 % (n = 41) od zdravnikov na oddelku. Pri preverjanju znanja so anketiranci od skupno desetih vprašanj le pri treh odgovorili s skupnim rezultatom višjim od 50 %.
Razprava in sklep: Na podlagi izpolnjenih anketnih vprašalnikov in s pomočjo hipotez ugotavljamo, da med delavci, zaposlenimi v urgentnem centru, in delavci, zaposlenimi na oddelkih intenzivne terapije, ne obstajajo statistične pomembne razlike v znanju o neinvazivni mehanski ventilaciji. Prav tako ne obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike glede na spol, starost, izobrazbo in delovne izkušnje. Ugotovili smo tudi, da bi anketiranci potrebovali dodatna usposabljanja s področja neinvazivne mehanske ventilacije.Introduction: In the diploma work, we presented the non-invasive mechanical ventilation of the patient. With the help of a questionnaire, we determined to what extent the employees in the emergency center and intensive care units have the knowledge, and if they use this method of treatment.
Methods: In preparing the final part, we used a quantitative research methodology with the survey method. We conducted in July and August 2020 a cross sectional descriptive study. In this study were included 68 nurses from the emergency department and intensive care.
Results: With the help of a questionnaire, we establish that the interviewees are only partially familiar with the non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Our research indicates that 76, 44 % of interviewees (n = 52) believe their proficiency in NIV is quite good. 85,26 % of interviewees (n = 58) gained proficiency in NIV from co-workers and 60,27 % (n = 41) from doctors in the ward. When testing the proficiency, the interviewees answered out only three of ten questions with a total score higher than 50 %.
Discussion and conclusion: It was found, based on the hypothesizing and completed questionnaires, there are not any statistically significant differences in the knowledge about non-invasive mechanical ventilation between workers employed in the emergency center and workers in intensive care units. There are also not any statistically significant differences according to gender, age, education, and work experience. We also found out that interviewees would need additional training in non-invasive mechanical ventilation
Importance of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation education for elementary school children
Full text linkV Sloveniji je stopnja nudenja temeljnih postopkov oživljanja ljudem, ki doživijo srčni zastoj, zelo nizka. Eden izmed razlogov, da se očividci raje umaknejo, je njihovo neznanje. Zato marsikje po svetu učijo osnovnošolce temeljnih postopkov oživljanja in uporabe avtomatskih zunanjih defibrilatorjev. S tem želijo skozi leta izobraziti čim večje število populacije.Slovenia has a very low level of provision of basic cardio pulmonary resuscitation procedures for people who experience cardiac arrest. One of the reasons that eyewitnesses prefer to withdraw is their ignorance. That\u27s why many people around the world are taught elementary school basic cardio pulmonary resuscitation and use of automatic external defibrillators. Through this, they want to educate as many members of the population as possible
Healthcare providers\u27 experience during basic and advanced life support procedures
Full text linkReanimacijski postopki spadajo med ene izmed najbolj stresnih intervencij v urgentni medicini. Diplomanti zdravstvene nege, ki pri teh postopkih sodelujejo, so zaradi omenjenega izpostavljeni določenim stresorjem, ki bolj ali manj učinkujejo nanje. Namen doktorske disertacije je ugotoviti vrste in nivo stresorjev, ki jih doživljajo diplomanti zdravstvene nege ob in po sodelovanju v reanimacijskih postopkih.Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the most stressful situations in emergency medicine. Nurses involved in performing basic and advanced resuscitation procedures are therefore exposed to a certain amount of stress. The purpose of this doctoral dissertation was to determine the stressors and the level of stress experienced by nurses during resuscitation
Patient satisfaction with medical tratment in the emergency department
Full text linkZadovoljstvo pacientov povezujemo s pričakovanji pacientov, njihovimi izkušnjami, komunikacijo, čakalni časom ter urejenostjo prostorov. Namen diplomske naloge je opredeliti zadovoljstvo pacientov v urgentni dejavnosti ter z raziskavo ugotoviti stopnjo zadovoljstva pacientov in kakovost obravnave v urgentni dejavnosti.
V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela, v raziskovalnem delu je bila uporabljena kvantitativna deskriptivna ne- eksperimentalna metoda raziskovanja. Kot merski instrument smo uporabili anonimen anketni vprašalnik. Pridobljene rezultate smo grafično in tabelarno prikazali v Microsoft Office 2010 in Microsoft Excel 2010.
Pogostejši razlog obravnave v urgentni ambulanti je za 58 anketirancev (58 %) bila poškodba. Čakalni čas od končane triaže do ambulantne obravnave je 39 anketirancev (39 %) opredelilo, da so čakali od pol ure do eno uro. Čas obravnave v urgentnih ambulantah je za 39 anketirancev (39 %) potekal hitro. 68 anketirancev (68 %) je bilo mnenja, da si je zdravnik vzel dovolj časa za obravnavo. 60 anketirancev (60 %) je zadovoljnih z obravnavo v urgentnem centru, mlajši pacienti izkazujejo večjo zadovoljstvo s kakovostjo zdravstvene obravnave v primerjavi s starejšimi.
Ugotovitve in pričakovanja pacientov so dejavniki, ki vplivajo na večje zadovoljstvo bolnikov in zaposlenih na urgentnem centru. Velikega pomena predstavlja izvajanje zanimanja uporabnikov glede zadovoljstva in strmenje k boljšemu delovanju. Skozi mnenje anketirancev v naši raziskavi na zadovoljstvo v urgentnem centru smo ugotovili, da bi si anketiranci želeli večji poudarek na nasvetih, opozorilih, na katere naj bodo pozorni, na več časa za pogovor z medicinsko sestro.We connect patient satisfaction with patients\u27 expectations, experiences, communication, waiting times and tidiness of premises. The purpose of the diploma work is to define patient satisfaction in the emergency department and to determine the level of patient satisfaction and the quality of treatment in the emergency department through research.
In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis we used a descriptive method of work and in the research work we used a quantitative descriptive non-experimental research method. An anonymous survey questionnaire was used as a measurement instrument. The obtained results were presented graphically and tabularly in Microsoft Office 2010 and Microsoft Excel 2010.
Injury was the most common reason for treatment in the emergency department for 58 respondents (58%). The waiting time from the end of the triage to the outpatient treatment is 39 respondents (39%) define that they waited from half an hour to one hour. The time of treatment in emergency departments was fast for 39 respondents (39%). 68 respondents (68%) were of the opinion that the doctor took enough time for treatment. According to the operation of the emergency center, 60 respondents (60%) are satisfied with the operation and treatment at the Emergency Center. The findings show that younger patients were more satisfied with quality medical treatment compared to younger ones. With the second hypothesis, we wanted to test whether there is a significant difference between patient satisfaction and nursing care according to the institution of treatment, we had to reject the hypothesis. With the third hypothesis, we assumed that the majority of users in the Emergency Center rated it positively. We were able to confirm the hypothesis because more than half of the respondents rated the treatment at the Emergency Center positively.
Discussion and conlusion: Findings and expectations of patients are factors that affect the greater satisfaction of them and employees of emergency centers. Of great importance is the implementation of user interest in satisfaction and the pursuit of better performance. Through the opinion of the respondents in our Satisfaction Survey at the Emergency Center, we found that the respondents would like to place more emphasis on advice, warnings that they will not pay attention to, more time to talk to the nurse
Treatment of the elderly patient with hypertension in the emergency unit
Full text linkIzhodišča: Danes se vse več ljudi z nenadno povišanim krvnim tlakom po pomoč zateče v urgentno ambulanto, kjer so deležni zdravstvene obravnave. Gre za pogosto obolenje pri starejših ljudeh, ki so tudi ciljna skupina naše raziskave. Zdravstvena obravnava je odvisna predvsem od dejavnikov tveganja, ki so vodili do nastanka hipertenzije in tudi od kakovostne zdravstvene obravnave pacientov.
Metoda: V diplomski nalogi smo se pri teoretičnem delu posluževali deskriptivne metode dela. V drugem delu smo izvedli raziskavo, kjer smo uporabili kvantitativno metodologijo in deskriptivno metodo dela. Opravili smo retrospektivno raziskavo, saj smo pregledali ambulantne kartone pacientov, ki so bili obravnavani v urgentni ambulanti zaradi arterijske hipertenzije v zadnjih petih letih.
Rezultati: Število pacientov z arterijsko hipertenzijo se iz leta v leto povečuje. Večinoma gre za »standardne« nenujne paciente, slaba polovica je zdravniško pomoč potrebovala nujno oziroma zelo nujno, kar smo ugotovili na podlagi določene triažne kategorije pacientov. Kot glavni vzrok prihoda v urgentno ambulanto so pacienti najpogosteje navajali slabo počutje in različne bolečine, predvsem v prsnem košu. Prevladovale so ženske. Pacientom so zdravstveni delavci pomagali s predpisano medikamentozno terapijo, preiskavami ali hospitalizacijo.
Diskusija: Raziskava nam je prikazala obravnavo starostnikov s hipertenzijo, ki je nam zdravstvenim delavcem lahko v pomoč, da paciente, katerih simptomi opozarjajo na arterijsko hipertenzijo, hitro prepoznamo in pravilno ukrepamo za dobrobit njihovega zdravja. Takšnih pacientov je v urgentnih ambulantah tako v Sloveniji kot po svetu vedno več.Introduction: Nowadays more and more people with sudden increase in blood pressure turn for help to the emergency unit. What is the treatment and what are its results depends primarily on the risk factors, which lead to the emergence of hypertension. This is a common disease in elderly people, who are also the target group of our research.
Method: In the diploma thesis we used the descriptive method of work in theoretical part. In the second part we conducted a research, where we used quantitative methodology and descriptive method of work. We also conducted a retrospective study, as we examined the hospital charts of the pacients, which were treated in the emergency clinic due to arterial hypertension.
Results: The number of patients with arterial hypertension increases every year. They are mostly "standard" patients, and nearly half of them needed urgent or very urgent medical assistance. As a triage algorithm, the adults most commonly stated the feeling of malaise and various pains, especially in the area of chest. Women were predominant. In order to help improve the patient\u27s condition, doctors conducted individual medicamental therapies, examinations or hospitalization.
Discussion: The research showed us the treatment of elderly people with hypertension, which can be of help to the healthcare professionals to quickly recognize the patients with symptoms pointing to hypertension, and act correctly for the benefit of their health. There are more and more such patients, in Slovenia as well as worldwide
Nurse responsibilities in the manchester triage system
Full text linkIzhodišča in namen: V magistrski nalogi smo preučevali odgovornosti triažne medicinske sestre pri izvajanju Manchesterskega sistema triaže (MST). Namen raziskave je ugotoviti, ali triažne medicinske sestre prepoznajo, ter se zavedajo svojih odgovornosti ob uporabi MST. Prav tako nas je zanimalo, ali izkušnje in večletno delo v urgentnih ambulantnih prinaša večjo odgovornost. Zanimala nas je tudi aplikacija MTS v delovno okolje in zadovoljstvo z novim sistemom triažiranja in razvrščanja po MST.
Raziskovalna metodologija in metode: Uporabljena je deskriptivna metoda pregleda in analize literature z iskanjem po bazah podatkov: Cobiss, Medline/PubMed in Google Books. Uporabili smo tudi kvalitativno metodo, ki smo jo izvedli s pomočjo intervjuja desetih medicinskih sester, ki delajo v triaži in ob svojem delu uporabljajo MST. Za obdelavo podatkov smo uporabili različne računalniške programe.
Rezultati: S kvalitativno raziskavo smo na podlagi pridobljenih rezultatov in analize podatkov ugotovili in raziskali, da se odgovornosti ob uporabi Manchesterskega triažnega sistema medicinske sestre dobro zavedajo, in da je ta sistem triažiranja in razvrščanja uporaben in zadovoljiv. Večletno delo in izkušnje v urgentni ambulanti prinašajo večjo odgovornost.
Diskusija in zaključek: Triažne medicinske sestre poznajo različne odgovornosti pri svojem delu. Veščine dobre komunikacije triažne medicinske sestre z pacienti, poznavanje norm in pravil ustanove je poglavitni del poklicnega delovanja. Dnevno se tudi srečujejo s primeri, ko se stanje pacienta v urgentni ambulanti poslabša, zato so potrebna kontinuirana izobraževanja in obnavljanja znanja, saj mora le-ta znati ob tem pravilno ukrepati. S tem zagotavljajo pacientom varno, kakovostno zdravstveno nego in oskrbo ob sprejemu v ambulanti nujne medicinske pomoči.Background and aim: In this master thesis, we have examined the responsibility scope of a triage medical nurse within the Manchester Triage System (MTS). The aim of our study is to establish, whether triage medical nurses acknowledge their responsibility and awareness when they execute the MTS. In addition, the scope of our research was to establish, whether the work experience and years of service in an emergency department contributes to greater responsibility and awareness thereof. Our research interest extends also to the application of the MTS into a work space and establishing the level of content (personal satisfaction) with the new triage system and classification when using the MTS.
Methodology: For this study, a descriptive method of reviewing (surveying) and literature analysis has been used for searching the following databases: Cobiss, Medline/PubMed and Google Books. In addition, a qualitative method has been used during interviewing ten (10) respective medical nurses, who are specialized in triage and use the MST in their regular work routine. For data processing, we have used various software.
Results: Upon the analysis of data acquired by the descriptive method, we have established that the medical nurses are well aware of their responsibility within the MTS. Furthermore, the nurses also acknowledge the MTS and its classification as useful and satisfying. Our hypothesis regarding the work experience and years of service in emergency department and its contribution to a greater responsibility has also been confirmed.
Discussion and conclusion: Triage medical nurses are well aware of various responsibility during their work. Good communication skills, as well as good knowledge of protocols and regulation standards of a medical institution are essential to their professionalism. Due to their rather demanding and unpredictable daily routine, the triage medical nurses often deal with cases of rapid patient health deterioration, therefore the continuous education and implementation of new training techniques for medical nurses are crucial for the patient’s welfare upon the patient’s admittance to emergency department
The importance of rescue-breathing for the survival of a victim with no signs of life
Full text linkPristopi k oživljanju se lahko razlikujejo glede na reševalca, žrtev ter razpoložljive vire. Razmerje med stisi prsnega koša in vpihi je 30 : 2. V zadnjih 20 letih se je pokazalo, da so vpihi pomembni za zagotavljanje kisika in odstranjevanje ogljikovega dioksida, a ne tako kot stisi prsnega koša. Menimo, da je potrebno raziskati, kar se da veliko virov, da bi lahko dobili odgovor glede pomembnosti oživljanja brez umetnega dihanja in njegovega vpliva na možnosti preživetje bolnika.Approaches to CPR may vary according to rescuer, the victim, and the available resources. The ration between chest compression and inhalation is 30:2. Over the past 20 years, it has been shown that breathing is important for providing oxygen and removing carbon dioxide, but not as much as chest compressions. We believe that researching as many sources as possible in order to get a concrete answer regarding the importance of resuscitation without the use of artificial respiration and its effect on the patient\u27s chances of surviva
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