3 research outputs found
Importância dos Elementos de Terras Raras na Sociedade Moderna e sua Potencial Fonte nas Cinzas de Carvão
No full textIntroduction: Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are crucial for advanced technologies in modern society, ranging from electronics to renewable energy and defense. Their increasing demand in critical industries underscores the need for a consistent and sustainable supply. Historically extracted from REE-rich minerals such as bastnäsite and monazite, the search for alternative sources has gained prominence, among these, coal ashes stand out, produced by burning coal to generate energy, ashes contain REEs in relatively low concentrations but with significant potential due to their massive global volume. The importance of ensuring the resilience of the REE supply chain has driven research to extract these elements from coal ashes, diversifying sources and reducing reliance on specific minerals. As technologies advance and REE applications expand, the ability to recover them from unconventional sources like coal ashes could have a sustainable impact on our societies. Research into the extraction and utilization of REEs from ashes is in progress and may enhance supply security. This study highlights the global importance of finding alternative sources of REE, such as coal ash, emphasizing the need to ensure a consistent and sustainable supply of these essential elements.Introducción: Los Elementos de Tierras Raras (ETR) son vitales para tecnologías avanzadas en la sociedad actual, desde electrónica hasta energía renovable y defensa. Su demanda creciente en industrias clave subraya la necesidad de un suministro constante y sostenible. Históricamente extraídos de minerales ricos en ETR, como bastnasita y monazite, la búsqueda de fuentes alternativas ha cobrado relevancia, entre estas, las cenizas de carbón se destacan, producidas al quemar carbón para generar energía, las cenizas contienen ETR en concentraciones relativamente bajas pero con un potencial significativo debido a su gran volumen global. La importancia de garantizar la resiliencia de la cadena de suministro de ETR ha impulsado la investigación para extraer estos elementos de las cenizas de carbón, diversificando fuentes y reduciendo la dependencia de minerales específicos. A medida que las tecnologías avanzan y las aplicaciones de ETR se expanden, la capacidad de recuperarlos de fuentes no convencionales como las cenizas de carbón podría tener un impacto sostenible en nuestras sociedades. La investigación en la extracción y uso de ETR de cenizas está en desarrollo y puede aumentar la seguridad en su suministro. Este estudio destaca la importancia global de encontrar fuentes alternativas de REE, como las cenizas de carbón, enfatizando la necesidad de garantizar un suministro constante y sostenible de estos elementos esenciales.Introdução: Os Elementos de Terras Raras (ETRs) são vitais para as tecnologias avançadas na sociedade moderna, desde a eletrônica até a energia renovável e a defesa. Sua demanda crescente em indústrias-chave sublinha a necessidade de um suprimento constante e sustentável. Historicamente extraídos de minerais ricos em ETRs, como bastnasita e monazita, a busca por fontes alternativas tem ganhado relevância, entre essas fontes, as cinzas de carvão se destacam, produzidas pela queima de carvão para gerar energia, as cinzas contêm ETRs em concentrações relativamente baixas, mas com potencial significativo devido ao seu grande volume global. A importância de garantir a resiliência da cadeia de suprimentos de ETRs impulsionou a pesquisa para extrair esses elementos das cinzas de carvão, diversificando as fontes e reduzindo a dependência de minerais específicos. À medida que as tecnologias avançam e as aplicações de ETRs se expandem, a capacidade de recuperá-los de fontes não convencionais, como as cinzas de carvão, poderia ter um impacto sustentável em nossas sociedades. A pesquisa sobre a extração e utilização de ETRs das cinzas está em andamento e pode melhorar a segurança no fornecimento. Este estudo destaca a importância global de encontrar fontes alternativas de REE, como as cinzas de carvão, enfatizando a necessidade de garantir um fornecimento consistente e sustentável destes elementos essenciais
Belonging and not belonging : understanding India in novels by Paul Scott, Ruth Prawer Jhabvala and V.S. Naipaul.
No full textPhDThis thesis is essentially about the "how" and "why" of the Indian
experience as documented in novels by Paul Scott, Ruth Prawer Jhabvala
and V S Naipaul. The study points to the difficulty of arriving at any
conclusive definition of the country and its people. I show that
differences in attitudes, responses or behaviour are both overt and
subtle, and depend upon whether the writer or the character identifies
with the situation or community with which he or she interacts. It is
the individual's sense of belonging or not belonging to his or her own
group - be this along racial, cultural or gender lines - that accounts
for the differing perspectives evident in these novels. The points-of-
view of the outsider and the insider can therefore be seen as
mutual comments upon the other.
Since the struggle between belonging and not belonging becomes acute
when the old meets the new, focus is centred on communities
experiencing change. These include the British in India, West-Indian
Indians and westernised Indians. Despite their differences, all three
communities share similar reasons for either an acceptance or
rejection of the 'Other'. The thesis argues that the need for
emotional stability compels allegiance to the traditional group, while
the desire for individuality encourages surrender to the new. The
former nurtures a sense of belonging while, it is argued, that the
latter is perceived as the hallmark of those who do not belong.
Tensions arise when both these needs demand to be met. What I show to
be ironic in this struggle between belonging and not belonging is that
those things which individuals overtly reject are often unexpressed
parts of their personal pysche. The barrier between "them" and "us" is
therefore very fragile
Trends and Challenges in the Detection and Environmental Surveillance of the Hepatitis E Virus
No full textAuthor Contributions:
Conceptualization, Supervision, G.F. and D.R.-L.; Writing—original draft, tables M.A.E., C.P.P., Y.F.S.H.J., G.V.T.P., L.Z., H.B.d.S.G. and N.G.; Review and editing, M.A.E. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.The Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for causing Hepatitis E, a zoonotic disease that has emerged as a significant global health concern, accounting for about 20 million infections and 70,000 deaths annually. Although it is often recognized as a disease that is acute in low-income countries, HEV has also been recognized as a zoonotic disease in high-income countries. The zoonotic transmission requires flexible approaches to effectively monitor the virus, vectors, and reservoirs. However, the environmental monitoring of HEV presents additional challenges due to limitations in current detection methods, making it difficult to accurately assess the global prevalence of the virus. These challenges hinder efforts to fully understand the scope of the disease and to implement effective control measures. This review will explore these and other critical concerns, addressing gaps in HEV research and highlighting the need for improved strategies in the monitoring, prevention, and management of Hepatitis E using a One Health approach.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Junta de Castilla y LeónDepto. de Teorías y Análisis de la ComunicaciónCentro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET)TRUEpu
