31 research outputs found
Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Melanoma: Current Concepts and Advances
No full textMelanoma develops from malignant transformations of the pigment-producing melanocytes. If located in the basal layer of the skin epidermis, melanoma is referred to as cutaneous, which is more frequent. However, as melanocytes are be found in the eyes, ears, gastrointestinal tract, genitalia, urinary system, and meninges, cases of mucosal melanoma or other types (e.g., ocular) may occur. The incidence and morbidity of cutaneous melanoma (cM) are constantly increasing worldwide. Australia and New Zealand are world leaders in this regard with a morbidity rate of 54/100,000 and a mortality rate of 5.6/100,000 for 2015. The aim of this review is to consolidate and present the data related to the aetiology and pathogenesis of cutaneous melanoma, thus rendering them easier to understand. In this article we will discuss these problems and the possible impacts on treatment for this disease
An Unusual Case of Fulminant Generalized Peritonitis Secondary to Purulent Salpingitis Caused by Prevotella bivia – Case Report with Literature Review
No full textIntroduction: Prevotella bacilli are prevalent in the body as members of the normal flora and in some cases they can be involved in infections throughout the body. Prevotella bivia is a member of a nonpigment group found in the resident flora of the female genital tract and it is occasionally seen in the oral cavity. Case report: We describe the very rare case of a 39-year-old woman with fulminant generalized peritonitis secondary to purulent salpingitis caused by Prevotella bivia. Discussion: In most cases described in the literature, Prevotella bivia was mixed with aerobes and caused bacterial vaginosis and pelvic inflammatory disease, whereas in our case study Prevotella bivia was the only microbe that was isolated. The infection was fulminant and caused generalized peritonitis. Rapid and systemic infections typically occur in immunocompromised hosts, however our patient was in good health condition and immunocompetent. Conclusions: Prevotella bivia may cause rapid and systemic infections, even in immunocompetent hosts. Multidisciplinary team management is mandatory in order to estimate the optimal treatment regimen
Discordance for Potter’s Syndrome in a Dichorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy—An Unusual Case Report
No full textIntroduction: Potter’s syndrome, also known as Potter’s sequence, is an uncommon and fatal disorder. Potter’s sequence in a multiple pregnancy is uncommon, and its frequency remains unknown. Worldwide in a diamniotic twin pregnancy, there are only a few cases described. Case report: We present an unusual case discordance for Potter’s syndrome in a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy. Twin A had the typical physical and histological Potter’s findings. Twin B had normal respiratory function and normal physical examination findings. There are many controversies about this condition in diamniotic twin pregnancy. One case report concluded that that the presence of a normal co-twin in diamniotic pregnancy prevented the cutaneous features seen in Potter’s syndrome and ameliorated the pulmonary complications, whereas two other case studies reported that the affected twin had extrarenal features typical of the syndrome. Conclusion: We performed an autopsy and calculated lung weight/body weight ratio to diagnose pulmonary hypoplasia. Histopathologic examination of lungs and kidneys was performed. We concluded that the appearance of extrarenal features in the affected twin depends on the amniocity
First Case of Chylous Ascites after Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Case Report with a Literature Review
No full textIntroduction: Chylous ascites is a rare form of ascites characterized by milk-like peritoneal fluid, rich in triglycerides. Clinical signs and symptoms include abdominal distention, pain, nausea, and vomiting. In gynecology, the most common cause for its occurrence is lymph dissection leading to impairment of major lymphatic vessels. There are only a few reported cases of chylous ascites arising after operations for benign diseases. Case report: We report a case of a 46-year-old female patient, who underwent laparoscopy for a myomatous node with chylous ascites occurring on post-surgery Day 2. The ascites was conservatively managed. The exact cause of the chyloperitonitis could not be determined. Conclusion: Although extremely rarely, chylous ascites may also occur in operative interventions for benign diseases in gynecological surgery
Robotic gastrointestinal stromal tumors surgery - initial results
Get PDFIntroduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) usually present as an exophytic mass localized in stomach. Years ago, conventional surgery was the only option. Laparoscopic and robotic procedures have risen to prominence in recent decades as technology and surgical techniques have advanced.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of robotic surgery of GIST.Materials and methods: All patients who underwent robotic surgery for a GIST in the University Hospital Kaspela-Plovdiv between November 2021 and April 2022 were included. Post-operative course and short oncological outcomes were analyzed.Results: Four patients with gastric GIST, median size 50 mm [40–70 mm], underwent robotic surgery. Conversion to open surgery not occurred. We have two cases with localization in corpus, one in antrum and one in the fundus. We have registered one complicationsanastomotic leakage after proximal resection treated conservatively. In others, the post-operative period was uneventful. The average hospital stay was 8.2 (4-11) days. The median operating time was 255 min (220–320 min).Conclusions: On basis of this initial results, we can conclude that robotic gastrointestinal tumors surgery is safe, feasible, and oncological sustained. Of course, one of the weakest sides of this surgery is prolonged operative time and increased expenses
An Extremely Rare Case of Asymptomatic Choriocarcinoma, Originating from the Interstitial Part of the Fallopian Tube
No full textSingle-Center Study of Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix over a 10-Year Period
No full textBackground and objectives: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) is a histological type of malignant tumor arising from the uncontrolled mitosis of transformed cells originating in epithelial tissue. It is a rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. There are significant differences in frequency, mean age, viral status, and outcomes in Asian or Caucasian patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of all cases of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the cervix at the Clinic of Oncogynecology, University Hospital, Pleven, Bulgaria between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016 was performed. All patients were followed-up till March 2019. We analyzed some clinical characteristics of the patients, calculated the frequency of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the cervix from all patients with stage I cervical cancer, and looked at the overall survival rate, the 5-year survival rate, and the correlation between overall survival, lymph node status, and the size of the tumor. Results: The frequency of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma was 3.3% for all cases with cervical carcinoma at stage I. The mean age of the patients with LELC was 49.6 years (range 32–67). Fourteen patients (82.4%) were in the FIGO IB1 stage, three patients (17.6%) were in the FIGO IB2 stage. Lymph nodes were metastatic in three patients (17.6%), non-metastatic in 13 patients (76.5%), and unknown in one patient. The overall survival rate was 76.47% for the study period and the 5-year survival rate of the patients that were followed-up until the 5th year (14 patients) was 69.23%. Conclusions: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma is a rare SCC subtype, but it could be more frequent among western patients than previously thought. Our results do not confirm the data showing low risk of lymph metastasis and good prognosis of LELC, which is why we think that the treatment in these cases has to be more aggressive than is reported in the literature
Definitive treatment of a basal cell carcinoma on the upper lip through the oral administration of Vismodegib
No full textMucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix—Single-Center Study Over a 10-Year Period
No full textBackground and objectives: Adenosquamous cancer of the uterine cervix is a rare type of cervical cancer with both malignant squamous and glandular components. A very rare subtype is mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), which was first described as a salivary gland tumor. It has been described as having the appearance of a squamous cell carcinoma without glandular formation and contains intracellular mucin. The postoperative evolution of this tumor and the potentially poorer prognosis may indicate an intensification of the follow-up. The objective of our study was to analyze the frequency of mucoepidermoid carcinoma in hospitalized women with cervical cancer, clinical characteristics and prognosis. Material and Methods: A retrospective study of all cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the cervix at Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University Hospital—Pleven, Pleven Bulgaria between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016 was performed. All patients were followed-up till December 2019. We analyzed certain clinical characteristics of the patients; calculated the frequency of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the cervix from all patients with stage I cervical cancer; and looked at the overall survival rate, correlation between overall survival, lymph node status and the size of the tumor. Results: The frequency of MEC was 1.12% of all patients with stage I cervical cancer in this study. The median age of the patients with MEC was 46.7 years (range 38–62). Four patients (57.1%) were staged as FIGO IB1, and three patients (42.8%) were FIGO IB2. The size of the primary tumor was <2 cm in 2 patients (28.57%), 2–4 cm in 2 patients (28.57%) and >4 cm in 3 patients (42.8%). Metastatic lymph nodes were found in two patients (28.57%), and nonmetastatic lymph nodes were found in five patients (71.43%). There were two (28.57%) disease-related deaths during the study period. The five-year observed survival in the MEC group was 85.7% and in the other subtypes of adenosquamous cancer group was 78.3%. Conclusions: MEC of the uterine cervix is a rare entity diagnosis. As a mucin-producing tumor, it is frequently regarded as a subtype with worse clinical behavior and patients’ outcomes. Nevertheless, our data did not confirm this prognosis. New molecular markers and better stratification are needed for better selection of patients with CC, which may benefit more from additional treatment and new target therapies
