1,354,345 research outputs found
Kidney disease in Sant' Andrea Hospital. a biopsy based epidemiologic study [Studio epidemiologico sulle biopsie renali presso l’A. O. Sant’Andrea]
No full textQuesto studio valuta retrospettivamente la prevalenza delle nefropatie non neoplastiche diagnosticate nell’Azienda Ospedaliera Sant’Andrea da Gennaio 2003 ad Aprile 2015. Nel periodo oggetto di studio sono
state eseguite presso il nostro centro 246 biopsie renali. 195/246 casi sono risultati diagnostici di patologie renali non neoplastiche e quindi sono stati oggetto di ulteriori analisi. Il gruppo più cospicuo, similmente ai dati dei registri nazionali ed internazionali, è rappresentato dalle GN primitive. Tra queste, la patologia più frequente nella nostra casistica risulta la GN membranosa (20,4%), seguita dalla GN a depositi mesangiali di IgA (12,7%). La maggiore prevalenza della GN Membranosa rispetto alla GN a depositi mesangiali di IgA rappresenta un’ inversione di tendenza rispetto ai registri nazionali ed internazionali e può essere interpretata alla luce dell’età media dei pazienti sottoposti a biopsia renale nel nostro centro (54,1 anni). La GN Membranosa rappresenta infatti la causa più frequente di S. Nefrosica nell’età adulta. I pazienti affetti da nefropatia diabetica rappresentano una assoluta minoranza (1,5%). In 10/195 casi (5,1%) la biopsia renale ha evidenziato un quadro di nefropatia end stage. Questo studio epidemiologico rappresenta il punto di partenza per valutare la prevalenza delle diverse nefropatie, peril confronto con iregistri di biopsie renali presenti sul territorio nazionale ed internazionale e per l’acquisizione di informazioni sulla “politica bioptica” del centro oggetto di studio.The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the prevalence and pathological features of kidney inflammatory nephropathies diagnosed in Sant'Andrea Hospital, from January 2003 to April 2015. In this period, 246 kidney biopsies have been diagnosed in our Hospital. Excluding cases of kidney neoplasms and non-diagnostic samples, 195 cases were reviewed. Primary glomerulonephritis (GN) is the most common diagnosis. Among these, Membranous GN represents the majority of cases (20.4%), followed by IgA Nephropathy (12.7%). The higher prevalence of Membranous GN than IgA Nephropathy represents a difference between our study and national and international kidney biopsies registries. It can be considered a consequence of the average age of patients undergoing renal biopsy in our center (54,1 years). Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy are 1.5%. 10 out of 195 cases (5.1%) show end stage renal disease. This epidemiological study evaluates the prevalence of various kidney diseases in our database, the biopsy policy of SantAndrea Hospital and compares our results with national and international renal biopsies registries
Epigenetic factors and mitochondrial biology in yeast: A new paradigm for the study of cancer metabolism?
No full textBidirectional cross-talk between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA is fundamental for cell homeostasis. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate the inter-organelle communication between nucleus and mitochondria. Recent research highlights not only the retrograde activation of nuclear gene transcription in case of mitochondria dysfunction, but also the role of post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins in respiratory metabolism. Here we discuss some aspects and novel findings in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In yeast, KAT-Gcn5 and DUB-Ubp8 have a role in respiration and are localized, as single proteins, into mitochondria. These findings, beside the canonical and widely known nuclear activity of SAGA complex in chromatin regulation, provide novel clues on promising aspects linking evolutionary conserved epigenetic factors to the re-programmed metabolism of cancer cells
Collagen loss and impaired wound healing is associated with c-Myb deficiency
No full textData source: Supporting information, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.access.library.unisa.edu.au/doi/10.1002/path.2113/abstract#footer-support-infoCollagen type I serves as an abundant structural and signalling component of skin. It is also an established target gene of the transcription factor, c-Myb. When c-myb-/- embryos were examined it was observed that their skin was markedly thinner than normal. Importantly, immunohistochemical investigation showed complete absence of collagen type I. Although these homozygous knock-out embryos fail to develop beyond day 15, fibroblasts established from these embryos (mouse embryonic fibroblasts [MEFs]) show defective proliferative responses. Furthermore, in vitro scratch wound assays demonstrated that these c-myb-/- MEFs also exhibit slower closure than their wild-type counterparts. Embryonic lethality has meant that examination of the role of c-Myb in adult mouse skin has not been reported to date. However, in view of the abundance of collagen type I in normal skin, its role in skin integrity and the in vitro data showing proliferative and migration defects in c-myb-/- MEFs, we investigated the consequences of heterozygous c-myb loss in adult mice on the complex process of skin repair in response to injury. Our studies clearly demonstrate that heterozygous c-myb deficiency has a functional effect on wound repair, collagen type I levels and, in response to wounding, transforming growth factor-β1 (an important collagen stimulating factor) induction expression is aberrantly high. Manipulation of c-Myb may therefore provide new therapeutic opportunities for improving wound repair while uncontrolled expression may underpin some fibrotic disorders.Z Kopecki, MM Luchetti, DH Adams, X Strudwick, T Mantamadiotis, A Stoppacciaro, A Gabrielli, RG Ramsay, AJ Cowi
The Number of Cores Positive for High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia on Initial Biopsy is Associated With Prostate Cancer on Second Biopsy
No full textPurpose: We evaluated the association between the number of biopsy cores revealing high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer in an era of extended biopsy protocol. Materials and Methods: From December 2004 to September 2007 patients referred to our clinic with a prostate specific antigen of 4 ng/ml or greater or an abnormal digital rectal examination were scheduled for transrectal ultrasound prostatic biopsy with a 12-core template. In patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia we proposed a second prostate specific antigen evaluation and a new 12-core biopsy after 6 months independent of prostate specific antigen. Nonparametric tests were applied for statistical analysis. Results: We evaluated 650 patients. Of the 147 patients (22%) with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia 117 underwent a second biopsy 6 months later. Patient characteristics (age, prostate specific antigen, free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio, prostate volume, prostate specific antigen density) were similar at initial and repeat biopsy. On second biopsy 22 patients (18.8%) presented with prostate cancer (14 with Gleason score 6, 7 with Gleason score 7 and 1 with a Gleason score 8), 75 showed isolated high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (64.2%) and 20 (17%) had chronic prostatitis. The number of cores (4 or more) involved with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia on the first biopsy was significantly associated with prostate cancer on the second biopsy (p = 0.001). Prostate specific antigen could not be used to distinguish prostate cancer from benign disease or high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Conclusions: The number of cores with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia seems to be associated with the presence of cancer on second biopsy. A 6-month biopsy is recommended in patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia when 4 or more cores with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia are detected in the initial biopsy sample independent of prostate specific antigen
L’impiego del TRIMprob nella selezione dei pazienti da sottoporre a biopsia prostatica: analisi istologica
No full textHuman natural cytotoxic activity mediated by tumor necrosis factor: regulation by interleukin-2.
No full textFreshly obtained normal lymphoid cells kill certain tumor target cells in vitro. Using peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the human tumor target cell line BT-20, we have defined a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxic mechanism that is homologous to the murine natural cytotoxic (NC) cell activity. Human NC cell activity was detected in freshly isolated PBLs and was augmented by short in vitro pulses with recombinant human interleukin-2 but not with recombinant human alfa interferon. Monoclonal anti-TNF antibodies inhibited the killing of the target cells. The independence of interferon and the mediation of killing by TNF distinguish human NC cell activity from natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cell activities
Timo e neoplasia polmonare. Correlazioni fra morfologia e funzione dei linfociti timici.
No full textIsolation and propagation of glomerular mesangial cells.
No full textCultures of glomerular mesangial cells (MC) of rodent or human origin have been extensively employed in renal research laboratories since the early 1980s. Cultured MC retain extensive analogies with the fairly undifferentiated in vivo phenotype of an intercapillary mesenchymal cell population, i.e., a myofibroblast. MC proliferating in response to mitogens and growth factors can be growth-arrested by withdrawal of serum or 3D culture in collagen gels. They synthesize an extracellular matrix that includes interstitial collagens and has analogies with the glomerular basement membrane; a prominent cytoskeleton acts as a functional contractile apparatus. Cultured MC have been extensively employed as a tool for studying pathophysiological events such as mesangial expansion, scarring, and glomerulosclerosis. Current technology for MC isolation and culture is reviewed, with emphasis on methodological issues relevant to characterization, propagation, and long-term maintenance of homogeneous clones
ESPRESSIONE RENALE DELLE ISOFORME DELLA FIBRONECTINA NELLE GLOMERULONEFRITI PRIMITIVE E SECONDARIE
No full text- …
