1,761 research outputs found
Reply: The Optimal Duration of Dual-Antiplatelet Therapy After Coronary Stenting: Shorter or Longer?
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Network meta-analyses and mixed treatment comparisons: Are they true scientific endeavors?
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Reply: Treatment Strategies for Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease: Is Staged PCI Truly the Best Option?
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Efficacy and safety of potent platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitors in elderly versus nonelderly patients with acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBACKGROUND: The use of the potent oral P2Y12 inhibitors prasugrel and ticagrelor in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) has a favorable net clinical effect compared with clopidogrel and is recommended as first-line therapy. However, the impact of these agents on ischemic and bleeding events in elderly ACS patients is not well defined.
METHODS: We performed a systematic review of articles comparing potent P2Y12 inhibitors to clopidogrel in elderly and nonelderly patients (defined according to each study) with ACS in terms of efficacy (composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and safety (major bleeding) end points.
RESULTS: A total of 7,860 elderly and 37,857 nonelderly patients from 7 studies (5 randomized control trials and 2 observational studies) were included. Potent P2Y12 inhibitors significantly reduced efficacy end point in nonelderly patients (relative risk [RR] 0.85, 95% CI 0.79-0.93) and less so in elderly patients (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.86-1.05). No significant differences were found between potent P2Y12 inhibitors and clopidogrel in terms of safety end point in both elderly (RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.95-1.49) and nonelderly patients (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.95-1.41). There were no significant interactions between age and treatment effect in both analyses (efficacy Pint=.16; safety Pint=.83).
CONCLUSIONS: The effect of more potent P2Y12 inhibitors compared with clopidogrel on efficacy and safety end points is consistent in elderly and younger patients. These data imply that potent P2Y12 inhibitors should not be withheld from eligible patients solely because of advanced age
Risk of Stroke With Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Compared With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
No full textObjectives This study sought to determine whether coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is associated with an increased risk of stroke compared with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background Some, but not all, randomized trials have reported increased rates of stroke with CABG compared with PCI. However, all these studies were powered insufficiently to examine differences in the risk of stroke reliably. Methods We performed a meta-analysis of 19 trials in which 10,944 patients were randomized to CABG versus PCI. The primary end point was the 30-day rate of stroke. We also determined the rate of stroke at the midterm follow-up and investigated whether there was an interaction between revascularization type and the extent of coronary artery disease on the relative risk of stroke. Results The 30-day rate of stroke was 1.20% after CABG compared with 0.34% after PCI (odds ratio: 2.94, 95% confidence interval: 1.69 to 5.09, p < 0.0001). Similar results were observed after a median follow-up of 12.1 months (1.83% vs. 0.99%, odds ratio: 1.67, 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 2.56, p = 0.02). The extent of coronary artery disease (single vessel vs. multivessel vs. left main) did not affect the relative increase in the risk of stroke observed with CABG compared with PCI at either 30 days (p = 0.57 for interaction) or midterm follow-up (p = 0.08 for interaction). Similar results were observed when the outcomes in 33,980 patients from 27 observational studies were analyzed. Conclusions Coronary revascularization by CABG compared with PCI is associated with an increased risk of stroke at 30 days and at the mid-term follow-up. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2012;60:798-805) (c) 2012 by the American College of Cardiology Foundatio
Coronary stenting versus balloon angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction: A meta-regression analysis of randomized trials
No full textIntroduction: Although stenting has been shown to reduce the need for target vessel revascularization (TVR) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the benefits in terms of mortality and reinfarction are still unclear. Previous meta-analyses have failed to include all currently available randomized trials. The aim of the current study was to perform an updated meta-analysis to evaluate the benefits of coronary stenting for AMI in terms of mortality, reinfarction, and TVR, and whether these benefits correlated with the patient's risk profile. Methods: The literature was scanned by formal searches of electronic databases (MEDLINE and CENTRAL) from January 1990 to September 2006. We examined all completed, published, randomized trials of coronary stenting for AMI. The following key words were used for study selection: randomized trial, myocardial infarction, reperfusion, primary angioplasty, rescue angioplasty, stenting, and balloon angioplasty. Information on study design, type of stent, inclusion and exclusion criteria, primary endpoint, number of patients, angiographic and clinical outcome, were extracted by two investigators. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Results: A total of 13 randomized trials were identified and analyzed involving 6922 patients (3460 or 50% randomized to stent and 3462 or 50% to balloon). Stenting was not associated with a significant reduction in 30-day (2.9% versus 3.0%, p = 0.81) and 1-year mortality (5.1% versus 5.2%, p = 0.81), as compared to balloon angioplasty. However, a significant relationship was observed between patient's risk profile and mortality benefits from coronary stenting at 30-day (beta - 0.63 [- 25.4; - 2.45], p = 0.022) and 1-year follow-up (beta - 0.61 [- 15.9; - 0.76], p = 0.034). Stenting was associated with benefits in terms of TVR at both 30-day (3.1% versus 5.1%, p < 0.0001) and 6 to 12 months (11.3% versus 18.4%, p < 0.0001) follow-up, without any difference in terms of reinfarction. Conclusions: Among AMI patients undergoing primary angioplasty, coronary stent implantation, when anatomically and technically feasible, may be considered, in addition to benefits in terms of TVR, to reduce mortality in high-risk patients, who may be identified by the use of validated risk scores. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
Risk of Early Adverse Events After Clopidogrel Discontinuation in Patients Undergoing Short-Term Dual Antiplatelet Therapy: An Individual Participant Data Analysis
No full textOBJECTIVES:
The study sought to evaluate the presence of a clinically relevant rebound phenomenon after dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) discontinuation in randomized trials.
BACKGROUND:
It is currently unknown whether clopidogrel discontinuation after short-term DAPT is associated with an early hazard of ischemic events.
METHODS:
The authors performed an individual participant data analysis and aggregate meta-analysis. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke.
RESULTS:
The study included 11,473 PCI patients with individual participant data from 6 randomized trials comparing short-term DAPT (3 or 6 months) versus long-term DAPT (12 months or more). During the first 90 days following clopidogrel discontinuation, there was no significant increase in the risk of MACCE between patients randomized to short-term DAPT compared with long-term DAPT (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71 to 1.98; p = 0.52; absolute risk difference 0.10%; 95% CI: -0.16% to 0.36%). The risk of MI or stent thrombosis was similar among patients randomized to short-term DAPT versus long-term DAPT (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.46 to 1.90; p = 0.85). In the aggregate data meta-analysis of 11 trials including 38,919 patients, a higher risk of early MACCE was observed after long-term (≥12 months) DAPT duration (HR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.69 to 3.09; p < 0.001) but not short-term (<12 months) DAPT duration (HR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.67 to 1.74; p for interaction = 0.036).
CONCLUSIONS:
Among patients undergoing PCI with predominantly new-generation DES, discontinuation of clopidogrel after 3 or 6 months DAPT duration was not associated with an early increase in adverse clinical events. An early increase in MACCE was observed after long-term (≥12 months) DAPT exposur
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