123 research outputs found
Coupled flux qubits and double bifurcation readout
No full textKavli Institute of Nanoscience DelftApplied Science
The Potential Impact of Electric Aircraft Taxiing: A Probabilistic Analysis and Fleet Assignment Optimization
No full textOn-board electric motors can be used to drastically reduce the fuel usage during the taxiing phase of aircraft, leading to cost reductions for airlines and lower amounts of harmful emissions. This study analyses the current state of this innovation and its potential impact on aviation. On a global level, full adoption of electric aircraft taxiing is expected to cause a reduction in jet fuel usage of 846 million kg per year, equivalent to 186 million euros of reduced costs and 2.67 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions. This results in a reduction of 0.3% of the total global carbon dioxide emissions of the aviation sector. Locally, airports and their surroundings will benefit significantly from the reduced emissions, because a substantial fraction of airport emissions are due to the taxiing phase. Analysis of the effect of electric aircraft taxiing to key stakeholders such as airlines shows that American airlines would reap substantially larger benefits than European competitors because of consistently higher taxi times in the United States. Low-cost carriers are expected to see smaller impact than traditional hub-and-spoke airlines, due to short taxi times in the secondary airports they predominantly fly to. KLM could save 17.3 million kg of jet fuel annually, representing a cost of 3.8 million euros, which would potentially increase profits by 3%, and a carbon dioxide emission of 55 million kg. Since the road to full adoption is still long, a strategic analysis of the fleet shows the marginal yearly cost reduction per installed electric taxiing system starts at 82 thousand euros for the first product, which reduces to 10 thousand after 100 systems have been installed. Especially the flights between Amsterdam and London, Paris and Manchester should be assigned to aircraft with electric taxiing systems, because these flights would have the most impact given their relatively low flight distance and high taxi times.Air Transport & Operation
Optimize Landside Airport Operations Using A Discrete Event Simulation
No full textWith this research the landside departure processes of four airports have been simulated using a discrete event simulation. By increasing today’s passenger numbers the bottlenecks of each of these airports are determined. An optimization to the used equipment has been performed in order to make the process more efficient. Furthermore, the created simulation models are tested against queueing theory in order to determine the benefits of the simulation model over the use of static queueing theory. Altogether the research shows that with the use of more efficient equipment and better utilization the airports can be ready for double passenger numbers without the need for expansion.Aerospace Engineerin
Mean or green? Values, morality and environmental significant behavior.
No full textIn most cases, pro-environmental behavior does not maximize individual interests, but mainly benefits other people or the environment. We propose that although acting on the basis of egoistic considerations may result in pro-environmental behavior, altruistic and biospheric considerations provide the most stable basis for pro-environmental behavior. We present two strategies to promote stable pro-environmental behavior. The first way is increasing the saliency of altruistic and biospheric values in specific situations, thereby reducing the relative strength of egoistic values. The second way is making the often “anti-environmental” egoistic values compatible with “pro-environmental” altruistic and biospheric values. We explain these options and translate it to possible interventions, policy implications, and follow-up research to promote “green” behavior
Module 13: Seed drying and storage
No full textThis training material is part of a self-paced e-learning module given by a seed physiologist at Wageningen University and Research and the International Seed Academy. It addresses seed ageing processes, seed drying and seed storage.
Once seeds have been harvested, it is crucial to dry them thoroughly and store them in adequate conditions. Otherwise, seeds will age, lose vigour and, in the end, die more quickly. Even if they still germinate, seeds that have not been dried and stored adequately may lose seed vigour, and thus result in less vigourous seedlings, which are more susceptible to stress factors, such as soil-borne diseases or soil crusts. The better you dry and store your seeds, the more you will have from them. It’s really about not wasting your efforts !
The entire module, with detailed guidance, link to the auto-corrected online quiz and additional references can be taken on the following website: https://itab.bio/en/elearningseedproduction/Module1
Proper seed storage (Liveseed Practice abstract)
No full textWhat causes seed ageing? Seed ageing is caused by oxidation of the cell membranes, mitochondria, DNA, RNA and proteins in the seeds. This oxidation is stimulated by four factors: seed moisture level, temperature, oxygen and time. The main factors stimulating this ageing are moisture and oxygen.
How to reduce ageing
Keep sealed commercial seed packages closed until use, to avoid moisture uptake from the air. Never store an open package in a cold place like a refrigerator, were the humidity is high and the seeds will absorb moisture. If not all seeds are used, store the remainder in a dry environment. For this we developed an easy system with a ‘seed drying and storage box’ (Fig 2). The principle is an airtight transparent box. In the box is a bag with silica gel and a relative humidity (RH) meter. The optimal RH is between 20 and 40%. Home produced seeds can also be dried in the box. If the RH surpasses the 40%, the silica gel needs to be regenerated in an oven at 100 °C. The dried silica gel can be cooled down in a closed clean jam jar or alike. It is possible to store the airtight box with seeds in a cooler place, to reduce ageing further. For larger amount of seeds the box could be replaced by a large vacuum bag, as available for storage of clothes
Module 12: Seed maturity and harvest
No full textThis training material is part of a self-paced e-learning module given by a seed physiologist at Wageningen University and Research and the International Seed Academy.
It addresses seed maturation processes and seed harvest.
Harvesting is a key moment in seed production, especially for seed quality. If seeds aren’t harvested at the right time, followed by adequate drying, they may lose some of their vigour and storage potential.
The entire module, with detailed guidance, link to the auto-corrected online quiz and additional references can be taken on the following website: https://itab.bio/en/elearningseedproduction/Module1
Voertuigverlichting overdag zal weinig problemen opleveren.
No full textHet is de bedoeling van de minister van Verkeer en Waterstaat dat bestuurders van motorvoertuigen verplicht worden overdag verlichting te voeren. Bij het invoeren van zo'n nieuwe regel is het belangrijk na te gaan hoe groot de bereidheid van de verkeersdeelnemer is om het gewenste gedrag te vertonen. En in hoeverre dit gedrag moet worden afgedwongen met politietoezicht en (strenge) straffen, of dat een aanmoediging tot vrijwillig gebruik voldoende is. (Author/publisher
Adaptive strategies for the Rotterdam unembanked area: Synthesis report
No full textDe regio Rotterdam wordt beschermd door een netwerk van hoofdwaterkeringen, die niet alleen het stedelijk gebied beschermen, maar ook de laaggelegen polders van de Randstad. De regio heeft een uitgebreid buitendijks gebied dat buiten de bescherming van de primaire waterkeringen ligt. Een groot deel van dit gebied is in de loop der tijd opgehoogd tot ca. 3 \u96 3,5 meter boven NAP. Slechts enkele, overwegend historische havengebieden, hebben te maken met een hoger risico op schade door overstromen. In de komende periode zal het overstromingsrisico toenemen door het gecombineerde effect van stijgende waterniveaus door klimaatverandering en het doorgaande proces van verstedelijking van de voormalige haven- en industriële gebieden. De vraag is hoe deze bestaande en nog te ontwikkelen gebieden kunnen worden beschermd. Het doel van dit onderzoek is om meer kennis te ontwikkelen over adaptieve strategieën en maatregelen voor bestaande en nieuw te ontwikkelen woon- en werkgebieden in het buitendijkse gebied van de regio Rijnmond-Drechtsteden.kennis voor klimaa
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