147 research outputs found
Mindful moments: A review of brief, low‐intensity mindfulness meditation and induced mindful states
No full textEngaging Duterte: That Space in Between Populism and Pluralism
No full textWith essays by leading experts in diverse fields, this book offers a penetrating portrait of a volatile administration poised between a troubled past and an uncertain future. The research is thorough; the writing eloquent; and the insights myriad. This is critical reading for anyone who wishes to understand this perplexing moment in the ever-changing, ever-fascinating politics of the Philippines.— Alfred W. McCoy, author of In the Shadows of the American Century: The Rise and Decline of US Global Power
This book offers timely, incisive, and well-grounded analyses of the rise of Rodrigo Duterte from child of a crisis-prone postcolony wracked by intense intra-elite electoral competition, revolutionary challenges from various sectors of society, and authoritarian rule and top-down developmentalism to long-time mayor of Davao and first Mindanaoan president of the Philippines.— Caroline S. Hau, author of Elites and Ilustrados in Philippine Culture
The irony doesn’t escape us: A Duterte Reader packs a lot of rigorous thinking into its pages to give coherence to a man who eschews rigor and downgrades facts. Still, public intellectuals cannot shirk from their civic duty to civilize the national conversation.— Marites D. Vitug, author of Shadow of Doubt: Probing the Supreme Cour
Understanding Variation in Adoption of Video Telehealth and Implications for Health Care Systems
No full textBackground: Telehealth has rapidly expanded since COVID-19. Veterans Health Administration (VHA), the largest integrated health care system in the United States, was well-positioned to incorporate telehealth across specialties due to existing policies and infrastructure.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate predictors of occupational therapy (OT) practitioners' adoption of video telehealth.
Methods: This study presents data from a convenience sample of VHA occupational therapy (OT) practitioners administered pre-pandemic, in fall 2019. Survey development was guided by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework, and gathered clinician attitudes, experiences, and perspectives about video telehealth to deliver OT services. Items included telehealth usage, perceived effectiveness of specific OT interventions, and perceptions about evidence. Our outcome variable denoted practitioners' level of adoption of video telehealth: telehealth users (adopters), non-users who want to use telehealth (potential adopters and reference group), and non-users who do not want to use telehealth (non-adopters). In multiple multinomial logistic regressions, we tested whether level of adoption was associated with years of VHA work experience and perceived strength of evidence.
Results: Of approximately 1455 eligible practitioners, 305 VHA occupational therapy practitioners participated in the survey (21% response rate). One hundred and twenty-five (41%) reported using video telehealth, whereas 180 (59%) reported not using video telehealth. Among non-users, 107 (59%) indicated willingness to adopt telehealth whereas 73 (41%) were not willing. More VHA work experience predicted higher odds of being an adopter than a potential adopter; perceptions of stronger evidence regarding video telehealth predicted higher odds of being a potential adopter than a non-adopter.
Conclusion: Clinician beliefs and years of experience exerted an influence on clinicians' use or willingness to use video telehealth. Efforts to enhance adoption of video telehealth should address clinicians' beliefs regarding the innovative nature of and organizational resources necessary to foster utilization
Workers' Trust Funds and the Logic of Wage Profiles
No full textThis paper defines a concept, a worker's trust fund, which is useful in analyzing optimal age-earnings profiles. The trust fund represents what a worker loses if dismissed from a job for shirking. In considering whether to work or shirk, a worker weighs the potential loss due to forfeiture of the trust fund if caught shirking against the benefits from reduced effort. This concept is used to show that the implicit bonding in upward sloping age-earnings profiles is not a perfect substitute for an explicit upfront performance bond (or employment fee). It is also shown that the second-best optimal earnings profile in the absence of an upfront employment fee pays total compensation in excess of market clearing in a variety of stylized cases.
Optical limiting properties of nonlinear multimode waveguide arrays
No full textAn experimental investigation of the transmission of multimode capillary waveguide arrays containing a liquid nonlinear absorber shows an enhanced nonlinear response relative to that found in a single waveguide and to the same length of bulk material. Comparison of the nonlinear response of arrays with different pitch to diameter (d/Λ) ratios confirm that both the intensity distribution within an individual waveguide and coupling between the elements of the array influence the overall nonlinear response
Optimally Empty Promises and Endogenous Supervision
No full textWe study optimal contracting in team settings, featuring stylized aspects of production environments with complex tasks. Agents have many opportunities to shirk, task-level monitoring is needed to provide useful incentives, and because it is difficult to write individual performance into formal contracts, incentives are provided informally, using wasteful sanctions like guilt and shame, or slowed promotion. These features give rise to optimal contracts with "empty promises" and endogenous supervision structures. Agents optimally make more promises than they intend to keep, leading to the concentration of supervisory responsibility in the hands of one or two agents.Partnership, Teams, Moral hazard, Monitoring, Supervision, Informal sanctions
Spared emotional perception in patients with Alzheimer's disease is associated with negative caregiver outcomes
No full textThe Impact of COVID-19 on Self-Reported Substance Use, Well-Being, and Functioning Among United States Veterans: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textAs the COVID-19 pandemic sweeps the globe, many veterans with substance use issues have faced the closure of treatment facilities, mandates to shelter in place, and social distancing measures. To better understand their pandemic experiences, substance use changes, and functioning, a survey was nationally administered to a sample of United States veterans reporting substance use issues during the pandemic. The purpose of this cross-sectional online survey for veterans (N = 409) was to report on COVID-19 experiences, safety behaviors, and infection experiences while also investigating the relationship among addictive behaviors, mental and physical health, and COVID-19 impact. Measures also assessed specific substance use concerns, pandemic-related loneliness, and functioning. Though few veterans reported personally receiving a confirmed COVID-19 medical diagnosis (10.5%), the impact of pandemic stressors was evident, with a majority reporting anxiety related to contracting COVID-19 (61.4%) or fear of a family member or close friend contracting COVID-19 (58.7%). Participants reported increased use of alcohol (45.3%), sedatives (36.6%), inhalants (35.7%), tobacco (35.0%), and cannabis (34.9%), attributed specifically to the pandemic. Regression analyses revealed that even when controlling for the contribution of problematic substance use issues, negative pandemic impacts and self-reported COVID-19 related loneliness were related to more impaired physical and mental health functioning during the pandemic. Findings from this sample of veterans with addiction issues add to the growing literature suggesting unique and adverse effects of COVID-19 stressors on functioning while also revealing specific pandemic impacts for this group
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