145 research outputs found
'We always come here': investigating the social in social learning
No full textThis paper investigates student choices around the 'Third Space' for learning; that which is not either a teaching space or a private space. In mapping the use of such spaces around the University of Northampton's campuses and through the use of semi-structured interviews with students as they use the spaces it constructs a model to help understand why students choose a particular space to work in and influence decisions in the deliberate creation of such spaces in future.
The research shows four, often overlapping, influences on student choice of space; resources, environment, social and emotional. That resource rich spaces that allow social interaction and learning to take place in attractive environments are popular should not be surprising but it is the emotional response to space that is of particular interest. Space attachment theory has usually centred on home or places with religious or national symbolism. This paper identifies an element of emotional resonance to areas of the university campus, especially the library, that will warrant further research
Get3 is a holdase chaperone and moves to deposition sites for aggregated proteins when membrane targeting is blocked.
No full textThe endomembrane system of yeast contains different tail-anchored proteins that are post-translationally targeted to membranes via their C-terminal transmembrane domain. This hydrophobic segment could be hazardous in the cytosol if membrane insertion fails, resulting in the need for energy-dependent chaperoning and the degradation of aggregated tail-anchored proteins. A cascade of GET proteins cooperates in a conserved pathway to accept newly synthesized tail-anchored proteins from ribosomes and guide them to a receptor at the endoplasmic reticulum, where membrane integration takes place. It is, however, unclear how the GET system reacts to conditions of energy depletion that might prevent membrane insertion and hence lead to the accumulation of hydrophobic proteins in the cytosol. Here we show that the ATPase Get3, which accommodates the hydrophobic tail anchor of clients, has a dual function: promoting tail-anchored protein insertion when glucose is abundant and serving as an ATP-independent holdase chaperone during energy depletion. Like the generic chaperones Hsp42, Ssa2, Sis1 and Hsp104, we found that Get3 moves reversibly to deposition sites for protein aggregates, hence supporting the sequestration of tail-anchored proteins under conditions that prevent tail-anchored protein insertion. Our findings support a ubiquitous role for the cytosolic GET complex as a triaging platform involved in cellular proteostasis
The role of temporary carbon dioxide removal in meeting the Paris Agreement warming targets
No full textArticle 6 of the Paris Agreement stipulates the conditions under which parties can make use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes (ITMOs) – tradeable credits earned from the domestic reduction of GHG emissions – to reduce the cost at which nationally determined contributions (NDCs) are achieved. The specifics of carbon market accounting under Article 6 are still controversial and unsettled, with parties remaining divided on major questions concerning environmental integrity. Given the low cost, potential for co-benefits, and heterogenous global distribution of suitable land, large volumes of nature-based carbon removal could be traded under Article 6. These solutions store captured carbon temporarily, and thus present a challenge to the environmental integrity of Article 6 mechanisms. In order for nature-based solutions to meet the high standards for integrity described by the Paris Agreement, that is, to ensure the stated or implied mitigation impact of temporary carbon storage is realized, methodological advances are necessary. This thesis addresses three. Firstly, it establishes a carbon dioxide removal deployment estimate and compares it to mitigation scenarios in line with the Paris Agreement – an important precondition to assessing progress against climate commitments and the carbon removal need that results. Secondly, it develops an understanding of the temperature implications of temporary carbon removal deployed near net-zero emissions, establishing that, across a range of scenarios, it can be treated directly as a time-fractional permanent removal. Thirdly and finally, it examines possible metrics for informing the exchange of temporary carbon removal with other mitigation outcomes and suggests, to minimize the risk of unintended warming outcomes, the most appropriate role for temporary removal is its exchange with short-lived climate pollutant abatement, where economical to do so. These advances could help define a physically-robust role for nature-based solutions in climate mitigation strategy, which in turn could unlock flows of investment from the Global North into nature-based solutions in the Global South, driving not only positive climate impact, but also protecting and enhancing biodiversity, improving the provision of ecosystem services, and protecting against physical climate risk in some of the most at-risk portions of our planet
THE STATE OF ADOLESCENT SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE ACCESS IN NORTH CAROLINA: A REVIEW OF STATE AND FEDERAL POLICY, INSIGHTS FROM KEY INFORMANT INTERVIEWS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE NC WOMEN’S HEALTH BRANCH FAMILY PLANNING UNIT
No full textAdolescents aged 15-19 in North Carolina lack adequate access to the family planning (FP) services, including contraception, needed to live their fullest lives. Not using appropriate contraception during penile-vaginal sexual intercourse can lead to serious negative outcomes for the adolescent including unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), both of which can have significant long-term social and health consequences for the adolescent and infant. To better understand the current state of adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) care access in North Carolina, this paper explores differences in the scope, quality, and accessibility of adolescent FP services across four health care settings: school-based health centers, Federally Qualified Health Centers, primary care practices, and local health departments. The author conducted seven key informant interviews with experts on adolescent health care provision in these settings to learn more about the FP services available to adolescents in each setting. The author also analyzed relevant state and federal laws, polices, and guidelines that pertain to adolescent SRH care provision across settings to assess how such policies facilitate or serve as a barrier to adolescent FP service access. This paper aims to inform the North Carolina Women’s Health Branch Family Planning Unit (the Unit) about the differences in the scope, accessibility, and quality of adolescent SRH care in North Carolina across care settings, and provides recommendations regarding how the Unit can better support adolescent access to FP services to improve adolescent health. The author found that while the overall policy landscape in North Carolina is supportive of adolescent access to FP services, there are significant differences in the types of FP services available to adolescents based on where they receive care.Master of Public Healt
The design and development of a context-specific medical washer for laparoscopic instruments for rural Indian hospitals
No full textRural India faces many challenges in providing adequate health care for all. Health awareness among the Indian population is low due to poor functional literacy and low emphasis on education within the health sector.Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), such as laparoscopy, offers many advantages, including smaller incisions, less tissue damage and faster recovery for patients compared to traditional open surgery. The use of laparoscopy in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is particularly influential because it can minimise the morbidity associated with laparotomies and provide benefits such as fewer postoperative infections and faster return to work. The laparoscopic instruments must be carefully cleaned and sterilised after each use to prevent infection. In any surgery, there is a risk of infection. Postoperative wound infections (POWIs) occur after surgery on the part of the body being operated on. Globally, the rate of POWIs varies between 0.5 and 15 per cent, while in India, rates between 23 and 38 per cent are consistently measured (Arora et al., 2018). These complications lead to revision surgery, delayed wound healing, increased use of antibiotics and longer hospital stay, all of which have a significant impact on patients and healthcare costs. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest threats to human health we face worldwide. (World Health Organisation, 2012a, 2012b).This project focuses on making minimally invasive surgery such as laparoscopy safely applicable in low- and middle-income countries through a medical washer. It aims to find a research-based solution to improve the reprocessing of laparoscopic instruments to reduce POWIs and the need for antibiotics. The current method of reprocessing in hospitals in rural India does not result in sterile laparoscopic instruments and is harmful to patient, nurse and all other staff present in the OR. Instruments are also damaged during the cleaning process. These problems mainly stem from lack of training of nurses, time pressure and due to lack of cleaning equipment.The project approach was implemented using the Double Diamond Design Model. In the final phase, a prototype was built and this prototype was evaluated in the context of rural India. The aim of this study was to investigate the medical washer loading system for laparoscopic instruments in rural hospitals and to understand how the loading system is used by nurses without any prior explanation. We also investigated how the concept of the medical washing machine is perceived by the end user.The medical washer for laparoscopic instruments for the context of rural India has been developed can improve current reprocessing practices. By automating the cleaning process, the medical washer reduces the risk of human error and ensures that instruments are thoroughly cleaned. The inclusion of a loading system that can be used without extensive training ensures that the system can be used safely and correctly by all healthcare workers. With the combination of these systems in an integrated design, the medical washer can additionally provide value by reducing cleaning time and allowing nurses to take rest breaks or do other tasks. Double degree in: Integrated Product Design and BioMedical EngineeringIntegrated Product DesignBiomedical Engineerin
ANALYSIS OF ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSIVE GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES BY THIOREDOXIN SYSTEM INHIBITORS AND HYPOXIA
No full textRights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author
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