116 research outputs found
La verrerie depuis vingt ans.
No full textAt head of title: L. Appert & J. Henrivaux, ingénieurs.Mode of access: Internet
Gender Choices of Conversational Agent: How Today’s Practice Can Shape Tomorrow’s Values
No full textWhen creating conversational agents, designers have to make decisions about the way the agents present themselves. In this position paper, we identify and synthesize ethical dilemmas that conversational interface designers and researchers face around gender of conversational agents. First, we identify three layers that cause tension in designing conversational agents’ gender: (i) interactional qualities; (ii) goal-orientation; and (iii) societal issues. We then argue that conversational agent designers and re- searchers can navigate this problem space by comparing two ethical frameworks: a utilitarian perspective and a dialogical ethics perspective. Finally, we argue that dialogical ethics can be a balanced, ethical lens that can help conversational agent designers and researchers make design decisions about the gender of an agentGreen Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Human-Centred Artificial IntelligenceHuman Information Communication DesignWeb Information System
Topologische Tegenvoorbeelden
No full textIn dit verslag bekijken we zes topologische tegenvoorbeelden. Eerst bestuderen we de topologie van Appert. Deze topologie is gedefinieerd op een aftelbare verzameling, maar heeft overaftelbaar veel open verzamelingen. In de ruimte van Appert zijn de triviale rijtjes de enige rijtjes die convergeren. De ruimte is separabel, maar voldoet niet aan het tweede aftelbaarheidsaxioma.Het is bekend dat elke aftelbare reguliere ruimte normaal is en dus `veel' continue functies naar het eenheidsinterval heeft. Daarom is een aftelbare reguliere ruimte niet samenhangend. Dit geldt echter niet voor aftelbare Hausdorff ruimten. We bestuderen een ruimte die aftelbaar Hausdorff is én samenhangend. Deze ruimte heet Gustin's rijruimte.Daarna bekijken we een andere samenhangende ruimte: de topologische sinus-kromme. Deze is niet compact, maar we kunnen de ruimte uitbreiden en er een compacte ruimte van maken. We zien in dit hoofdstuk dat niet elke kromme padsamenhangend is. Dus samenhang impliceert niet altijd padsamenhang.De vierde ruimte die we bestuderen is Van Douwen's ruimte. Deze is regulier en . Elke continue reëelwaardige functie in deze ruimte is constant.Verder bekijken we een overaftelbaar product van normale ruimten, waarvan de productruimte zelf niet normaal is. Of het product separabel is of niet, hangt af van de `grootte' van het product.Tot slot nog een productruimte: de ruimte van Helly. Dit product is wel normaal, maar bevat een niet-normale deelruimte. We zullen namelijk zien dat de ruimte compact Hausdorff is en een deelruimte heeft die homeomorf is met de Sorgenfreylijn. De ruimte voldoet aan het eerste maar niet aan tweede aftelbaarheidsaxioma. De ruimte is wel separabel.Applied Mathematic
Empirical differences between time mean speed and space mean speed
No full textInsight into traffic flow characteristics is often gained using local measurements. To determine macroscopic flow characteristics, time aggregation of microscopic information is required.Usually, a data collection system stores values averaged over time. However, it is well known that a time mean average overestimates the influence of faster vehicles, and consequently overestimates the mean speed. As a direct result, densities, computed from flow and speed, are underestimated.This paper compares the time mean speed and space mean speed, using data of individual car passages on a motorway road stretch. We show that the differences between time mean and space mean averages are substantial, up to a factor four. In particular in the lower speed regions the error is big. We indicate the considerable consequences for the jam density and shock wave speed. Finally, a fundamental diagram based on correctly averaged microscopic data can be fitted much better.Transport and Plannin
TempSeat: Investigating the Suitability of a Heated Car Seat for Feedback Purposes
No full textThermal cues in the car can be used as an alternative to audio and vibration feedback to lessen the burden on the often overloaded visual channel. This paper presents an investigation of a heated car seat to evaluate the effectiveness of the heating for feedback purposes. The temperature changes of a heated car seat were measured without and with seated passengers to assess the heating capabilities in general and to understand the temperature interaction with a seated person. A user study (N=12) investigated the recognition times during a simulated driving task. Temperature changes during driving simulation were detected on average in under 1min, with an average increase of around 0.33℃ on the backrest (0.36℃ on seat). These initial results can be used as basis and inspiration for further investigations to lessen the visual channel with thermal cues
Dérives et misères populistes : analyse des politiques pénales érigées, modifiées et abrogées sous le gouvernement de Stephen Harper, 2006-2015
No full textTableau d'honneur de la FÉSPPlébiscité à titre de 22ième Premier ministre du Canada, Stephen Harper dirigea pendant près d’une décennie un gouvernement conservateur qui, mû par une philosophie Tough on Crime, ratifia plus de cinquante politiques pénales ayant toutes comme épicentre la promotion et l’accentuation de l’usage de la force pénale. Or, il appert que les réformes pénales de l’administration Harper ne reposaient pas uniquement sur des desseins répressifs ; elles étaient également traversées par une série d’idéaux populistes. Marquée par les possibles répercussions d’une telle approche pénale, la présente recherche documente certains des aspects populistes ayant sous-tendu les politiques pénales ratifiées par le gouvernement de Stephen Harper. Pour réaliser un tel objectif, la première partie de ce mémoire illustre que le gouvernement Harper a engendré, à des fins politiques, un impetus de punitivité sans précédent dans la sphère pénale canadienne. Poussant la réflexion à un autre niveau, la seconde partie de la présente recherche est constituée d’une série d'analyses qualitatives et de réflexions critiques portant sur trois des politiques harperiennes ayant eu les impacts les plus significatifs sur le champ pénal canadien, soit les projets de loi C-2, C-10 et C-59. À la lumière de ces analyses et de ces réflexions, ce mémoire aspire à mettre en exergue diverses facettes de l’ancrage populiste du gouvernement Harper en matière pénale. Loin de se limiter à l’oeuvre pénale du gouvernement Harper ce mémoire tente également d’offrir une compréhension des réalités sous-tendant les vagues populistes et les dérives que celles-ci peuvent engendrer en justice pénale.Elected as the 22nd Prime Minister of Canada, Stephen Harper’s Conservative government ruled for close to a decade. Driven by a “Tough on Crime” philosophy, the Harper government ratified over fifty penal policies. All of these policies were centered on the promotion and increased use of penal force. It appears, however, that Harper’s penal reforms did not rest solely on such repressive intents but were also laced with a plethora of populist ideals. Struck by the implications of such a penal approach, this study is built on the necessity to document the populist aspects undergirding Harper’s penal policies. To achieve such an objective, the first part of this thesis illustrates that the Harper government created, under political imperatives, an unprecedented punitivity impetus on the Canadian penal scene. Pushing the reflection to another level, the second part of this thesis consists in a series of qualitative analyses and critical reflections on three of Harper’s penal policies which had the most significant impacts for the Canadian penal field: Bills are C-2, C-10 and C-59. From these analyses, this thesis highlights various aspects of the Harper government's penal populist stance. Going well beyond the penal work of the Harper government, this thesis also attempts to offer an understanding of the realities behind populist waves and drifts that can occur in Criminal justice
First Steps Towards Designing Electrotactons: Investigating Intensity and Pulse Frequency as Parameters for Electrotactile Cues
No full textElectrotactile stimulation is a novel form of haptic feedback. There is little work investigating its basic design parameters and how they create effective tactile cues. This paper describes two experiments that extend our knowledge of two key parameters. The first investigated the combination of pulse width and amplitude (Intensity) on sensations of urgency, annoyance, valence and arousal. Results showed significant effects: increasing Intensity caused higher ratings of urgency, annoyance and arousal but reduced valence. We established clear levels for differentiating each sensation. A second study then investigated Intensity and Pulse Frequency to find out how many distinguishable levels could be perceived. Results showed that both Intensity and Pulse Frequency significantly affected perception, with four distinguishable levels of Intensity and two of Pulse Frequency. These results add significant new knowledge about the parameter space of electrotactile cue design and help designers select suitable properties to use when creating electrotactile cues
Weaving Stories:Toward Repertoires for Designing Things
No full textWhile much work is underway within the context of posthuman design, this research is often described from a dominantly human perspective. It rarely accounts for the creative capacities of nonhumans in design, such as materials, tools, and software. There is a need to further engage with posthuman theories conceptually, materially, and methodologically. We approach this challenge through Ron Wakkary's concept of repertoires: actions the human designer can take to increase participation of nonhumans in design research practice. This paper reports on potential repertoires' development by exploring three approaches from outside of HCI: describing the landscape, noticing, and translations. We use these methods to account for weaving events that the first author was engaged in. Through critical reflection of these accounts, we contribute three repertoires and an example of applying the theoretical framework of Designing Things.</p
Illumination Aesthetics
No full textRecent digital fabrication tools have enabled new form-giving using a wide range of physical materials. However, light as a first class creative material has been largely ignored within the design of our electronic objects. Our work expands the illumination design space by treating light as a physical material. We introduce a digital design tool that simulates and visualizes physical light interactions with a variety of materials for creating custom luminaires. We further develop a computational design and fabrication process for creating custom secondary optics elements (SOEs), which provides additional handles for users to physically shape and redirect light to compose, fill, and evenly diffuse planar and volumetric geometries. Through a workshop study with novice electronic designers, we show how incorporating physical techniques to shape light alters how users view the role and function of LEDs and electronics. We produce example pieces that showcase how our approach expands the electronics aesthetic and discuss how viewing light as material can engender novel, expressive artifacts. Copyright is held by the owner/author(s)
Audible Beacons and Wearables in Schools: Helping Young Visually Impaired Children Play and Move Independently
No full textYoung children with visual impairments tend to engage less with their surroundings, limiting the benefits from activities at school. We investigated novel ways of using sound from a bracelet, such as speech or familiar noises, to tell children about nearby people, places and activities, to encourage them to engage more during play and help them move independently. We present a series of studies, the first two involving visual impairment educators, that give insight into challenges faced by visually impaired children at school and how sound might help them. We then present a focus group with visually impaired children that gives further insight into the effective use of sound. Our findings reveal novel ways of combining sounds from wearables with sounds from the environment, motivating audible beacons, devices for audio output and proximity estimation. We present scenarios, findings and a design space that show the novel ways such devices could be used alongside wearables to help visually impaired children at school
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