32 research outputs found

    Vorwärts durch eigne Kraft

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    VORWÄRTS DURCH EIGNE KRAFT Vorwärts durch eigne Kraft ( - ) Umschlag ( - ) Cover ( - ) Endsheet ( - ) Prepage ( - ) Alfred Krupp ( - ) Title page ( - ) Vorwort ( - ) Inhaltsverzeichnis ( - ) Jan von Werth (1) Jan van Werth Nach einem Stich von P. de Johl ( - ) Zieten ([11]) Hans Joachim von Zieten Nach dem Gemälde von U. D. Therbusch gestochen von T. T. Glaßbach ( - ) Benjamin Franklin ([17]) Joseph Haydn ([24]) Joseph Haydn Studienkopf für die Kolossal-Büste von Heinrich Natter ( - ) Radetzky ([36]) Senefelder ([48]) Alois Senefelder Nach einem Steindruck von Quaglio ( - ) Friedrich König ([55]) Friedrich König ( - ) Christian Rauch ([67]) Stephenson ([72]) Joseph Fraunhofer Nach einem Gemälde in der Müncher Akademie der Wissenschaften ( - ) Fraunhofer ([81]) Hans Christian Andersen ([85]) Hans Christian Andersen Nach einer Zeichnung von Vogel ( - ) Abraham Lincoln ([100]) Charles Dickens ([108]) Charles Dickens Nach dem Gemälde von D. Waclife gestochen von R. Graves ( - ) Alfred Krupp ([114]) Werner von Siemens ([112]) Werner von Siemens ( - ) Heinrich Schliemann ([137]) Heinrich Schliemann ( - ) Heinrich Stephan ([147]) Carnegie ([157]) Carnegie ( - ) Edison ([171]) Edison Nach dem Gemälde von A. A. Anderson ( - ) Segantini ([184]) Segantini Selbstbildnis des Künstlers ( - ) Endsheet ( - ) Cover ( -

    Soslovie and the “Foreign” Clergies of Imperial Russia

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    AbstractThis essay addresses a significant imperial dimension of the soslovie question by analyzing the estate status of the religious servitors of Russia’s non-Orthodox faiths (the “foreign confessions”). Its goal is to ascertain the extent to which one may discern a clerical estate (dukhovnoe sostoianie) for the foreign confessions, the standards by which individuals were recognized as belonging to non-Orthodox clergies, and the rights and privileges to which these religious servitors were entitled. Drawing on a distinction offered by Vasilii Kliuchevskii between “estate rights” (soslovnye prava) and “service rights” (dolzhnostnye prava), the author argues that Christian servitors, beginning with the Orthodox clergy, gradually acquired estate rights, while non-Christian servitors were generally able to acquire only service rights. The reasons for this outcome should be sought in a combination of practical and ideological concerns having to do with the state’s limited knowledge about non-Orthodox servitors, its commitments to the privileging of (Orthodox) Christianity in Russia’s social order, and broader shifts in the state’s soslovie policies.RésuméPar son analyse du statut social des serviteurs religieux des confessions non-orthodoxes de Russie (« les confessions étrangères »), cet essai aborde une dimension impériale significative de la question des ordres (sosloviia). Le but est d’établir dans quelle mesure on peut mettre en évidence l’existence d’un ordre clérical pour les confessions étrangères, distinguer les critères selon lesquels les individus étaient reconnus comme relevant de clergés non-orthodoxes et pointer les droits et privilèges auxquels ces serviteurs religieux pouvaient prétendre. En reprenant la distinction, avancée par Vasilij Ključevskij, entre « droits inhérents à un ordre (soslovnye prava) » et « droits inhérents à une fonction (dolžnostnye prava) », l’auteur démontre que les serviteurs chrétiens, à commencer par le clergé orthodoxe, avaient progressivement acquis des droits inhérents à leur ordre, tandis que les serviteurs non-chrétiens n’avaient généralement pu acquérir que les seuls droits propres à leur fonction. Cet état de fait résulterait de la combinaison d’intérêts pratiques et idéologiques, associés à la connaissance limitée de l’État sur les serviteurs non-orthodoxes, aux engagements de celui-ci à privilégier la chrétienté (orthodoxe) dans l’ordre social de la Russie, et aux modifications de sa politique visant les soslovija

    A space efficient representation for sparse de Bruijn subgraphs

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    Quitzau JAA, Stoye J. A space efficient representation for sparse de Bruijn subgraphs. Forschungsberichte der Technischen Fakultät, Abteilung Informationstechnik / Universität Bielefeld. Bielefeld: Technische Fakultät der Universität Bielefeld; 2008.De Bruijn graphs are structures that appear naturally in the study of strings. Therefore the rise of de Bruijn graph based sequence analysis approaches is not a surprise. The problem with de Bruijn graphs is that for most of their applications in Bioinformatics they are too large even for small genomes. A way to overcome this problem is the compression of branch-free paths to single nodes. Although this compression is a common first step in many of the de Bruijn graph based approaches, its direct construction from raw data does not seem to be documented before. Our experience shows that, though based on simple operations, implementing the construction of such graphs is a tricky and time consuming task. Therefore we shortly describe in this report our graph construction algorithm and hope that the given details are enough to help the reader skipping some pitfalls we found by doing this task

    Computing with Priced Information: game trees and the value dependent cost model

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    Cicalese F, Milanivc M. Computing with Priced Information: game trees and the value dependent cost model. Forschungsberichte der Technischen Fakultät, Abteilung Informationstechnik / Universität Bielefeld. Bielefeld: Universität Bielefeld, Technische Fakultät; 2008.We study the function evaluation problem in the priced information framework introduced in [Charikar et al. 2002]. We characterize the best possible extremal competitive ratio for the class of game tree functions. Moreover, we extend the above result to the case when the cost of reading a variable depends on the value of the variable. In this new value dependent cost variant of the problem, we also exactly evaluate the extremal competitive ratio for the whole class of monotone Boolean functions

    The lord of the entire world : Lord Jesus, a challenge to Lord Caesar?

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    The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether in some of Paul's uses of the title K-6ptoq for Jesus, there exists a polemic against the living Roman emperor. After preliminary matters concerning methodology, history of research, and limitations are addressed (chapter 1), the sources for the study are described (chapter 2). Issues surrounding Paul's letters are considered. Then the various literary and non-literary sources which are used to better understand Paul's letters are discussed. The thesis proceeds inductively. Chapter 3 describes aspects of the first century context in which the original readers lived. This is intended to provide a grid to understand Paul's proclamation ofJesus as Lord as close to the first century context as possible. First, forms of emperor worship (imperial cults) are described within the context of Roman religious experience. However, this alone does not provide sufficient context to determine whether a polemic exists. Thus, the role of the emperor in the larger context is also considered. Chapter 4 focuses on the title K-6ptoq and the nature of lordship. First, the meaning, usage, and possible referents are described. The relational nature of the term is emphasised. The wide range of potential referents make it difficult to determine whether a polemic exists. The result is the postulation and defence of a superlative concept of supreme lord which has a restricted referent in a given culture. In chapter 5, the usages of the title for the Julio-Claudian and Flavian emperors are catalogued and it is determined that the living Caesar fills the role of the concept supreme lord in the context of Paul's original readers. Using communication principles from relevance theory, it is demonstrated that an author may include certain contextual clues that would suggest a challenge to the default referent by another. Certain modifiers and structures in the Pauline text lead to the conclusion that in some cases Paul intended a polemic against the living emperor. Specifically, this is suggested for Rom 10: 9; 1 Cor 8: 5-6; 12: 3; Eph 4: 5; Phil 2: 11
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