3,437 research outputs found
SupMat_PDBS_(Kauff_et_al.,_2018;_GPIR) – Supplemental material for Measuring beliefs in the instrumentality of ethnic diversity: Development and validation of the Pro-Diversity Beliefs Scale (PDBS)
No full textSupplemental material, SupMat_PDBS_(Kauff_et_al.,_2018;_GPIR) for Measuring beliefs in the instrumentality of ethnic diversity: Development and validation of the Pro-Diversity Beliefs Scale (PDBS) by Mathias Kauff, Sebastian Stegmann, Rolf van Dick, Constanze Beierlein and Oliver Christ in Group Processes & Intergroup Relations</p
Episode 35: Alexis Castellanos, Author of “Isla to Island”, and Her Panel Presentation during the Operación Pedro Pan Two-Day Event
No full textIn Part 1 of “Operación Pedro Pan: The Voices and Stories of Cuba’s Child Exodus—A Knights HistoryCast Mini-Series,” the Department of History’s Sebastian Garcia talked with Alexis Castellanos, an author, illustrator, graphic novelist, and a panelist at the esteemed, conspicuous, and powerful “Operación Pedro Pan: Honoring the Cultural, Historical Legacy of Cuba’s Child Exodus” Two-Day Program that Florida Humanities, UCF’s Department of English and Department of Modern Languages and Literatures sponsored (see https://cah.ucf.edu/pedro-pan/ for more details on sponsors and the program in general).
Sebastian structured this specific episode on Alexis Castellanos’ Isla to Island, a wordless graphic novel grounded by her personal family history and the history of Operación Pedro Pan (Operation Peter Pan). By analyzing such a historic event through the medium of fiction, Sebastian argued that this is one of the most unique Knights HistoryCast episodes of all time. Naturally, their conversation expanded to what she talked about during her panel presentation in Panel One, Day 1 of the event that featured “internationally renowned scholars that discussed the political, historical, and cultural legacy of Operación Pedro Pan (1960-1962).” (https://cah.ucf.edu/pedro-pan/)
To purchase Isla to Island (strongly recommend), check out: https://islatoisland.com/.
To find out more about Alexis and her professional work, check out her website at https://alexiscastellanos.com/https://stars.library.ucf.edu/knightshistorycast/1034/thumbnail.jp
"Cronica der Turckey" Sebastian Franck's Translation of the "Tractatus de Moribus, Condicionibus et Nequitia Turcorum" by Georgius de Hungaria
No full textThe Tractatus de moribus, condicionibus et nequitia Turcorum is one of the most important first-hand accounts of life in fifteenth-century Turkey known to modern scholarship. It is the work of a Christian former slave of the Turks, writing after his return to the West. Although the author does not name himself, he can be identified as a
Dominican priest, Georgius de Hungaria, who died in Rome in 1502. His Tractatus is conceived as a work of anti-Islamic polemic, yet it contains a surprisingly unbiased appraisal of Turkish customs.
First printed c.1480 when European apprehension in the face of Ottoman expansion was at its height, the Tractatus was reprinted in numerous editions, and was widely used as a
source by other authors. Luther edited the text in 1530, using the positive account of Turkish customs and religious observance as a weapon in his polemic against the Roman
Catholic Church: if heathens could perform such exemplary works, who could fail to doubt the efficacy of works as a means of salvation?
Sebastian Franck in his German translation of the Tractatus went further: replacing Georgius' commentary with his own, he used the text to attack institutional religion as a
whole and to promote his concept of a non-dogmatic, spiritual Church of individuals united with each other only through their union with God -a Church which was not closed to Moslems or members of any other creed. This translation or adaptation, the Cronica der Türckey, marks Franck's decisive break with the Lutheran cause and the beginning of his lonely path as a 'spiritual individualist'. Franck reworked his translation of the Tractatus for his major geographical work, the Weltbuch of 1534.
This thesis concerns itself primarily with Franck's Cronica, providing the first modern critical edition of this text, in a near-diplomatic transcription with an extensive glossary. The thesis also includes transcriptions of the Tractatus; of Türckei, an anonymous translation of the Tractatus, and of relevant additional material from Franck's Weltbuch. None of these texts has been published in full in a modern edition.
In the Introduction Franck's Cronica is compared in detail with the Tractatus, highlighting the changes that occur in translation; the character and the significance of these changes are then discussed. It is established that Franck, whilst being unwilling to reverse any of Georgius' value judgements on Islam and Turkish culture, is highly selective in his choice of material for translation, and frequently gives the text new nuances and adds his own
comment. The question of the Tractatus' influence on Franck's further development as a writer and thinker is also raised.
The investigation then turns to Franck's use of the Tractatus material in his Weltbuch. His eclecticism becomes apparent in this text, in which Georgius' account is juxtaposed - but not synthesised - with material from other sources, often of lesser veracity and greater anti-Islamic bias. Franck's distortion of the Tractatus material to suit his own line of argument is clearly discernible: from the unique phenomenon presented in the Tractatus the Turks
become one more example of the general human tendency to externalise and dogmatise faith.
In addition, the transmission of Cronica and Türckei is examined, and the relationship between these two translations is clarified: Franck certainly used Türckei in writing his Cronica, but is unlikely to be the author of the anonymous work
Umgang mit Diversität sozialer Gruppierungen : eine Betrachtung von Diversität in Organisationen aus Perspektive des Ansatzes der Sozialen Identität
No full textThe construct diversity describes the collective amount of differences among members within a social unit. The present dissertation is based on the assumption that, through engagement with diversity, people acquire an understanding of what role diversity plays in the societies, organizations, work groups, or other social units they are part of. This understanding of the role diversity plays in a given social unit provides a vantage point from which people will engage with diversity in the future. These vantage points from which people engage with diversity are the general subject matter of the present dissertation. Two main research questions are addressed in this regard: First, whether the role diversity is given in a particular context does have effects on groups and the individual members therein. Second, if such effects exist, it seeks to explore the processes and mechanisms they are based on. Both questions are addressed from different perspectives in the three main chapters of this dissertation. Chapter 5 contains two meta-analyses on the effects of diversity beliefs and diversity climates. Diversity beliefs are individual attitudes that describe the degree to which diversity is ascribed an instrumental value for achieving beneficial outcomes or avoiding detrimental ones. Diversity climates depict such a value of diversity on the group-level. Building on the social identity approach, I explain how diversity beliefs and climates can obviate diversity’s detrimental effects and foster beneficial ones. As both diversity beliefs and climates can cause such effects, they are considered together in the main analyses in the chapter. In the first part of the chapter, a meta-analysis on these moderator effects of diversity beliefs/climates is presented (k = 23). The majority of studies that addressed such effects reported significant results. The patterns of these results showed that, in general, diversity will be more positively related to beneficial outcomes the more it is valued. However, the analysis also revealed that there are at least two types of patterns of this moderation. So far, it cannot be explained which pattern will occur under what circumstances. In the second part of the chapter, a meta-analysis on the main effects of diversity beliefs/climates on beneficial outcomes is presented (k = 71). These effects did not receive much attention in the primary studies. Based on the social identity approach and the fact that diversity is a ubiquitous feature of modern organizations, I argue that they are important nonetheless. The meta-analysis revealed a significant positive main effect of diversity beliefs on beneficial outcomes (r = .25; p < .0001). However, the effect sizes varied considerably across studies. Both moderator and main effects were found across a broad array of outcomes, study designs, levels of analysis, and operationalizations of the constructs involved. They were found irrespective of whether diversity beliefs or diversity climates were considered. The heterogeneity of results in the meta-analyses suggests that there is still much to be learned about when differences in vantage points from which people engage with diversity will have an effect and about the processes that underlie these effects. Chapter 6 is, therefore, predominantly concerned with these underlying processes. Most of the previous research has treated pro-diversity beliefs and pro-similarity beliefs as opposite poles of one underlying continuum. There is, however, evidence that people can hold both types of beliefs simultaneously. Therefore, I propose that both diversity in certain aspects and similarity in other aspects can simultaneously constitute valid and valued parts of an organization’s identity, and that, hence, identifying with the organization can create two forms of solidarity among the employees: organic solidarity – based on meaningfully and synergistically interrelated differences, and mechanic solidarity – based on the common ground that all employees share. Furthermore, I propose that both forms of solidarity can coexist and that both are positively related to the quality of collaboration within the organization. Thus, organizational identification is proposed to influence quality of collaboration indirectly through both organic and mechanic solidarity. These propositions were tested with regard to the collaboration of different teams within two organizations: a German university (Study 1, N = 699) and a Taiwanese hospital (Study 2, N = 591). The results from both studies confirm the predictions. However, the relative importance of each form of solidarity varied across study contexts and across different facets of the quality of collaboration. Chapter 7 also builds on the findings from the meta-analyses and is again predominantly focussed on the processes underlying the effects of diversity beliefs and diversity climates, yet from a different angle. Previously, diversity beliefs and climates have often been discussed with regard to their potential to influence whether diversity will lead to more and deeper elaboration of information within the group. In chapter 7 a theoretical model is developed that complements these cognitive processes by addressing the emotional side of diverse groups. Central to the model is the assumption that group diversity can stimulate group members to engage with each other emotionally, resulting in higher levels of state affective empathy: an emotional state which arises from the comprehension and apprehension of fellow group members’ emotional state. State affective empathy, in turn, is known to lead to a variety of beneficial team processes that can ultimately enhance individual and group-level performance. Thus, the central proposition of the model is that the relationship between diversity and performance is mediated through state affective empathy. The other propositions in the model specify moderators that determine when diversity will indeed have this empathy-stimulating effect. Diversity beliefs and climates are considered second-order moderators that shape the relationship between diversity and empathy through their influence on the first-order moderators. In general, it is proposed that diversity is related to empathy more positively if it is valued by the group or its members. In summary, the results from the meta-analyses in chapter 5, the results from the field studies in chapter 6, and the theoretical arguments presented in chapter 7 can be interpreted such that differences in vantage points from which people engage with diversity can indeed affect groups and their members. Therefore, the first research question of the present dissertation can be answered affirmatively from three different perspectives. However, it also became clear that there is still much uncertainty about the mechanisms underlying these effects. In line with the second research question of the present dissertation, these mechanisms were examined more closely in chapter 6 and 7. The field studies in chapter 6 highlighted the role of identification as the driving force behind the effects of different vantage points on diversity. Furthermore, they also corroborate the proposition that valuing diversity and valuing similarity can be co-occurring phenomena that both influence the collaboration within the group positively. The theoretical model presented in chapter 7 opens up a new emotional way in which diversity beliefs and climates can influence whether diversity will lead to better or worse performance. In sum, therefore, also with regard to the second research question of the present dissertation, progress has been made.Diversität bezeichnet das Ausmaß an Unterschieden zwischen den Mitgliedern einer sozialen Gruppierung. Der zentrale Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Art und Weise, in der sich Menschen auf die Diversität der Gruppen, zu denen sie gehören, einlassen. Im Hinblick darauf möchte ich mit dieser Dissertation zur Beantwortung zweier Fragen beitragen: Erstens, ob die Art und Weise in der Menschen Diversität begegnen einen Einfluss auf einzelne Gruppenmitglieder und Gruppen als Ganzes hat. Zweitens, sollte dies der Fall sein, welche Mechanismen diesen Effekten zugrunde liegen. Diese Fragen werden in den drei Hauptkapiteln der Arbeit von verschiedenen Blickwinkeln aus beantwortet. In Kapitel 5 wird der Forschungsstand zu den Effekten von Diversity Beliefs und Diversity Climates meta-analytisch zusammengefasst. Diversity Beliefs sind individuelle Einstellungen, die beschreiben wie sehr die Diversität einer Gruppe als wertvolle Ressource für das Erreichen der Ziele der Gruppe und der Ziele der einzelnen Mitglieder wertgeschätzt wird. Diversity Climates beschreiben diese Wertschätzung von Diversität auf Gruppenebene. Der erste Teil des Kapitels beinhaltet eine Meta-Analyse zu den Moderationseffekten von Diversity Beliefs/Climates (k = 23). Die überwiegende Mehrzahl aller Studien, die derartige Effekte berichten, finden signifikante Interaktionseffekte im Sinne der Hypothese, dass Diversität dann zu vorteilhafteren Ergebnissen führt, wenn sie von entweder einzelnen Personen oder ganzen Gruppen wertgeschätzt wird. Die Ergebnisse sind jedoch heterogen in Bezug auf die unterschiedlichen Muster dieser Moderationen. Der zweite Teil des Kapitels beinhaltet eine Meta-Analyse zu den Haupteffekten von Diversity Beliefs/Climates (k = 71). Über alle Studien hinweg zeigt sich ein mittelgroßer, positiver Zusammenhang zwischen der Wertschätzung von Diversität und vorteilhaften Ergebnissen für Individuen und Gruppen (r = .25; p < .0001). Die Effektstärken variieren jedoch beträchtlich zwischen den Studien. Sowohl die statistische Signifikanz der Moderationseffekte und deren Muster, wie auch die Stärke der Haupteffekte waren weitestgehend unabhängig von der Art der Ergebnisvariablen, den Studiendesigns, den Analyseebenen und den Operationalisierungen der beteiligten Konstrukte. Beide Formen von Effekten fanden sich in gleicher Ausprägung sowohl für Diversity Beliefs wie auch für Diversity Climates. Die Meta-Analysen zeigen, dass die Art und Weise wie Menschen sich auf Diversität einlassen in der Tat Effekte auf Gruppen und ihre Mitglieder haben kann. Allerdings deutet die Heterogenität der Befunde darauf hin, dass noch wenig darüber bekannt ist, durch welche Prozesse diese Effekte verursacht, beziehungsweise vermittelt, werden. Kapitel 6 befasst sich daher genauer mit diesen verursachenden und vermittelnden Prozessen. Es wurde postuliert, dass sowohl die Wertschätzung von Diversität wie auch von Similarität gemeinsam Bestandteile einer organisationalen Identität sein können, und dass die Identifikation mit solch einer Identität demnach zu zwei Formen von Solidarität führen kann: zu organischer Solidarität, die auf sich ergänzenden Unterschieden zwischen den Mitgliedern der Organisation aufbaut, und zu mechanischer Solidarität, die auf Gemeinsamkeiten der Mitglieder beruht. Ferner wurde postuliert, dass beide Formen von Solidarität die Kooperation in einer Organisation positiv beeinflussen. Diese Annahmen wurden in Hinblick auf die Kooperation zwischen Teams innerhalb einer deutschen Universität (Studie 1, N = 699) und innerhalb einer Universitätsklinik in Taiwan (Studie 2, N = 591) geprüft. Ingesamt sprechen die Befunde für die postulierten Zusammenhänge. Es zeigte sich allerdings auch, dass beide Formen der Solidarität in unterschiedlichen Kontexten und in Bezug auf unterschiedliche Maße für die Qualität der Kooperation einen unterschiedlich starken Einfluss haben können. Ebenfalls aufbauend auf der Heterogenität der Ergebnisse aus den Meta-Analysen, befasst sich auch Kapitel 7 mit den Prozessen, die den Effekten von Diversity Beliefs und Climates zugrunde liegen. Bislang wurden diese zumeist in Hinblick auf die Vorteile der Diversität für tiefere und reichere Informationsverarbeitung in Gruppen untersucht. In Kapitel 7 wird ein theoretisches Modell dargestellt, das zusätzlich zu diesen kognitiven Prozessen auf die emotionalen Prozesse in heterogenen Gruppen eingeht. Das zentrale Postulat des Modells besagt, dass Diversität die Gruppenmitglieder zu vermehrter Empathie für andere Gruppenmitglieder anregen kann und dass diese wiederum zu vorteilhaften Team-Prozessen führt, die letztlich die Leistung einzelner und der Gruppe verbessern. Weitere Postulate beziehen sich auf moderierende Faktoren, die bestimmen ob Diversität tatsächlich zu mehr Empathie führt. Diversity Beliefs und Climates nehmen hierbei die Rolle von Moderatoren zweiter Ordnung ein. Sie wirken vermittelt über andere Moderatoren, dergestalt dass die Beziehung zwischen Diversität und Empathie positiver wird, je mehr Diversität wertgeschätzt wird. Zusammenfassend in Hinblick auf die erste Forschungsfragestellung, legen die Ergebnisse aus den Meta-Analysen (Kapitel 5) und den beiden Feldstudien (Kapitel 6), sowie das theoretische Modell (Kapitel 7) nahe, dass die Art und Weise wie sich Menschen auf Diversität einlassen entscheidende Effekte für Gruppen und ihre Mitglieder haben kann. In Bezug auf die Prozesse, die diesen Effekten zugrunde liegen – und damit der zweiten Fragestellung – konnten ebenfalls Erkenntnisse gewonnen werden
2. A Human Being to Be Remembered | The 2024 UCF VLP Podcast Series
No full textIn Episode Two, Andrew Carroll’s herculean efforts to seek and collect over 210,000 war letters—that span since the American Revolution—demonstrate how others are as seriously committed to preserving the legacies of the men and women who served and fought for their country. Andrew shares several letters from his impressive collection, allowing us to be as close as possible to the Veterans—engaging with their own words, thoughts, and emotions. Indeed, themes central to UCF VLP are often exemplified in the 210,000 war letters Andrew has preserved for over twenty-five years.
Andrew Carroll is an award-winning historian and author and is the founder and director of the Center for American War Letters at Chapman University. Andrew was the second keynote speaker invited to share his extraordinary work during the 2024 UCF VLP Institute.
This episode was directed, produced, written, edited, and hosted by Sebastian Garcia and featured Andrew Carroll.
Executive Producers: Sebastian Garcia and Dr. Amelia Lyons.
Music: “Honor and Glory” and “Real Heroes” by SergePavkinMusic (Pixabay)
Podcast Cover Artwork: Sebastian Garcia
The 2024 UCF VLP Podcast Series is brought to you by the UCF History Department Podcast Network and UCF’s Veterans Legacy Program—a partnership with the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs’ National Cemetery Administration.https://stars.library.ucf.edu/knightshistorycast/1051/thumbnail.jp
Wang Tao’s Diary: excerpts Translated by Sebastian Eicher
No full textIn a little regarded episode from Wang Tao’s diaries, the author tells us about a two-week long journey from Shanghai to Hangzhou and to the West Lake. Wang Tao undertook this journey together with the missionary Griffith John, who at that time was trying to find ways to preach the gospel outside the treaty port of Shanghai. We know the rough outline of this journey from Griffith John’s writings, as it was the second half of a longer journey along the Grand Canal. But Wang Tao’s presence and his notes on it have so far been neglected. This is a loss, as the diary Wang Tao kept offers not only a personal and lively account of the journey, it also gives us some insight in the Chinese perception of the missionaries’ activities and a description of the Hangzhou era before the Taiping would ravage it only a bit more than a year later
Episode 31: Professor Paul W. Wehr Day at the Pioneer Days Pine Castle Historical Society History Tent Event
No full textThe Department of History’s Sebastian Garcia talked with Mr. Richard Lee Cronin, author, historian, and event coordinator of the Pine Castle Historical Society HISTORY TENT, at the Annual Pine Castle Pioneer Days Event.
This episode is dedicated to and is in honor of Professor Paul W. Wehr.
A Professor of History at UCF since the Department’s inception in 1969, Professor Wehr retired in 1995 after 25 years of teaching his passion for history—inspiring countless students and faculty. Professor Wehr devoted much of his time to documenting the history of Orange County, specifically Pine Castle. This naturally led to a close relationship with the Pine Castle Historical Society, which dedicated Day 1 of the 2-day event at Pioneer Days to Professor Wehr for the first time this year. Sebastian decided to pay tribute to one of UCF’s original history professors by going to the Pine Castle Pioneer Days HISTORY TENT event dedicated to him and produced a podcast on location with Mr. Richard Lee Cronin, who knew Professor Wehr personally.
Below are links to an Orlando Memory interview featuring Professor Wehr himself that Sebastian mentioned in the introduction of this podcast, the page to know more about his books and association with Pine Castle, and a UCF CAH article written about Professor Wehr shortly after his passing in 2021. https://orlandomemory.info/topics/oral-history-interview-with-dr-paul-w-wehr/ https://www.pinecastlehistory.org/publications-books-pamphlets/ https://news.cah.ucf.edu/news/remembering-paul-w-wehr/https://stars.library.ucf.edu/knightshistorycast/1030/thumbnail.jp
Cosmoscepsia Catholica, Das ist/ Allgemeiner Weltlauff/ und was sich denckwürdiges unnd newes in der gehelen gantzen Welt/ sowol in Geistlichen als Weltlichen Sachen verlauffen und zugetragen / Mit schönen Kupfferstücken gezieret/ und in Truck gegeben: Durch M. Sebastianum Prennern ...
No full textLegalizing recreational marijuana: comparing ballot outcomes in four states
No full textMedical marijuana is now available in 23 states, and its growing acceptance has paved the way for the legalization of recreational marijuana. This article examines four recent campaigns to legalize recreational marijuana–two failures and two successes. Using data from newspaper sources, interviews with key players, and other sources, we examine the factors that influence whether a ballot initiative succeeds or fails. We identify similarities and differences between the four measures, the social forces shaping the debate, their claims and counterclaims, and a set of factors that appear to increase the odds that a recreational marijuana ballot measure will be successful.Peer reviewe
Legitimized fraud and the state-corporate criminology of food - a Spectrum-based theory
No full textThe role that food corporations have in determining our health and nutrition is concomitant with the power and influence that corporations exercise across all commercial sectors. These large, powerful, and often multinational entities – collectively referred to as Big Food – employ a robust array of strategies to advance the organizational interests associated with a seemingly paradoxical business model: securing the continuous and ever-growing consumption of food products increasingly associated with negative health outcomes. As this model proliferates globally, the implications of this contradiction warrant specific attention to the activities of Big Food corporations through a critical criminological framework. The pervasive and increasingly legitimized activity of Big Food relies on a legal, regulatory, and moral framework that allows for the relegation of all non-market oriented value systems to be secondary to a pro-corporatist ideological and moral superstructure. Whereas previous scholarship has contributed to an understanding of what occurs when profit-maximization values collide with – and then co-opt – public health and nutrition interests, the present study offers a spectrum-based theory to explain how various degrees of food fraud are systematically incentivized by the legal privileges of corporations and the hegemonic moral economy of neoliberal governance.Peer reviewe
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